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Kim S, Heflin S, Kresty LA, Halling M, Perez LN, Ho D, Crose M, Brown W, Farsiu S, Arshavsky V, Wax A. Analyzing spatial correlations in tissue using angle-resolved low coherence interferometry measurements guided by co-located optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:1400-14. [PMID: 27446664 PMCID: PMC4929650 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Angle-resolved low coherence interferometry (a/LCI) is an optical technique used to measure nuclear morphology in situ. However, a/LCI is not an imaging modality and can produce ambiguous results when the measurements are not properly oriented to the tissue architecture. Here we present a 2D a/LCI system which incorporates optical coherence tomography imaging to guide the measurements. System design and characterization are presented, along with example cases which demonstrate the utility of the combined measurements. In addition, future development and applications of this dual modality approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Stephanie Heflin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226 USA
| | - Meredith Halling
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226 USA
| | - Laura N. Perez
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226 USA
| | - Derek Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Michael Crose
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - William Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Sina Farsiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Vadim Arshavsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Adam Wax
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Abstract
Sustained vision requires continuous regeneration of visual pigments in rod and cone photoreceptors by the 11-cis-retinal chromophore. In this issue of Neuron, Mata et al. report a novel enzymatic pathway uniquely designed to keep up with the high demand for cone pigment regeneration in bright light and to preclude rods from utilizing chromophore produced in daylight, when rods are not very useful for vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Arshavsky
- Howe Laboratories of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Tate RJ, Lochhead A, Brzeski H, Arshavsky V, Pyne NJ. The gamma-subunit of the rod photoreceptor cGMP-binding cGMP-specific PDE is expressed in mouse lung. Cell Biochem Biophys 1998; 29:133-44. [PMID: 9631242 DOI: 10.1007/bf02737832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The type 6 phosphodiesterase (PDE-6) from retinal rod photoreceptors is an alpha beta gamma 2 heterotetramer. The alpha- and beta-subunits contain catalytic sites for cGMP hydrolysis, whereas the gamma-subunits (P gamma) serve as a protein inhibitor of the enzyme. P gamma is believed to be expressed only in photoreceptors. Using RT-PCR, we have amplified the complete coding sequence for P gamma from mouse lung RNA. The expression of P gamma in this tissue may be related to its ability to interact the type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE-5), which is the predominant cGMP binding protein in lung. We therefore suggest that P gamma may have a wider signaling role in mammalian cells than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Tate
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
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