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R AB, K SR, Chandran D, Hegde S, Upadhya R, Se PK, Shenoy S, Devi V, Upadhya D. Cell-specific extracellular vesicle-encapsulated exogenous GABA controls seizures in epilepsy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:108. [PMID: 38637847 PMCID: PMC11027552 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03721-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy affects ∼60 million people worldwide. Most antiseizure medications in the market act on voltage-gated sodium or calcium channels, indirectly modulating neurotransmitter GABA or glutamate levels or multiple targets. Earlier studies made significant efforts to directly deliver GABA into the brain with varied success. Herein, we have hypothesized to directly deliver exogenous GABA to the brain with epilepsy through extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human GABA-producing cells and their progenitors as EVs largely mimic their parent cell composition. METHODS Human neural stem cells (NSCs), medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) cells, and GABAergic interneurons (INs) were generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and characterized. EVs were isolated from NSCs, MGE cells, and INs and characterized for size and distribution, morphological features, and molecular markers. Exogenous GABA was passively loaded to the isolated EVs as a zwitterion at physiological pH, and the encapsulated dose of GABA was quantified. Epilepsy was developed through status epilepticus induction in Fisher rats by administration of repeated low doses of kainic acid. The extent of the seizures was measured for 10 h/ day for 3-6 months by video recording and its evaluation for stage III, IV and V seizures as per Racine scale. EVs from INs, MGE cells, and NSCs encapsulated with exogenous GABA were sequentially tested in the 4th, 5th, and 6th months by intranasal administration in the rats with epilepsy for detailed seizure, behavioral and synapse analysis. In separate experiments, several controls including exogenic GABA alone and EVs from INs and MGE cells were evaluated for seizure-controlling ability. RESULTS Exogenic GABA could enter the brain through EVs. Treatment with EVs from INs and MGE cells encapsulated with GABA significantly reduced total seizures, stage V seizures, and total time spent in seizure activity. EVs from NSCs encapsulated with GABA demonstrated limited seizure control. Exogenic GABA alone and EVs from INs and MGE cells individually failed to control seizures. Further, exogenic GABA with EVs from MGE cells improved depressive behavior while partially improving memory functions. Co-localization studies confirmed exogenous GABA with presynaptic vesicles in the hippocampus, indicating the interaction of exogenous GABA in the brain with epilepsy. CONCLUSION For the first time, the study demonstrated that exogenous GABA could be delivered to the brain through brain cell-derived EVs, which could regulate seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy. It is identified that the cellular origin of EVs plays a vital role in seizure control with exogenous GABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijna Ballal R
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivakumar Reddy K
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Chandran
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumukha Hegde
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Se
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Tata Medical College, Jamshedpur, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Smita Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Dinesh Upadhya
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Reddy SK, Ballal AR, Shailaja S, Seetharam RN, Raghu CH, Sankhe R, Pai K, Tender T, Mathew M, Aroor A, Shetty AK, Adiga S, Devi V, Muttigi MS, Upadhya D. Small extracellular vesicle-loaded bevacizumab reduces the frequency of intravitreal injection required for diabetic retinopathy. Theranostics 2023; 13:2241-2255. [PMID: 37153730 PMCID: PMC10157735 DOI: 10.7150/thno.78426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is associated with retinal neovascularization, hard exudates, inflammation, oxidative stress and cell death, leading to vision loss. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (Anti-VEGF) therapy through repeated intravitreal injections is an established treatment for reducing VEGF levels in the retina for inhibiting neovascularization and leakage of hard exudates to prevent vision loss. Although anti-VEGF therapy has several clinical benefits, its monthly injection potentially causes devastating ocular complications, including trauma, intraocular hemorrhage, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, etc. Methods: As mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) demonstrated safety in clinical studies, we have tested the efficacy of MSC-derived small EVs (MSC-sEVs) loaded anti-VEGF drug bevacizumab in a rat model of DR. Results: The study identified a clinically significant finding that sEV loaded with bevacizumab reduces the frequency of intravitreal injection required for treating diabetic retinopathy. The sustained effect is observed from the reduced levels of VEGF, exudates and leukostasis for more than two months following intravitreal injection of sEV loaded with bevacizumab, while bevacizumab alone could maintain reduced levels for about one month. Furthermore, retinal cell death was consistently lower in this period than only bevacizumab. Conclusion: This study provided significant evidence for the prolonged benefits of sEVs as a drug delivery system. Also, EV-mediated drug delivery systems could be considered for clinical application of retinal diseases as they maintain vitreous clarity in the light path due to their composition being similar to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivakumar K Reddy
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Abhijna R Ballal
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - S Shailaja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Chandrashekar H Raghu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kanthilatha Pai
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Tenzin Tender
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Mary Mathew
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Annayya Aroor
- Divison of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shalini Adiga
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Manjunatha S Muttigi
- Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Dinesh Upadhya
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- ✉ Corresponding author: Dr. Dinesh Upadhya, Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India. ; Phone: +91 820 2923611; Total word count: 9923
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Vashe A, Devi V, Pallath V, Abraham RR, Kamath A. Development and validation of Manipal Inventory for Curriculum Evaluation (MICE): A comprehensive tool for evaluation of hybrid medical curriculum. Bangladesh J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v22i1.61863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In outcome-based education, the components of the curriculum must facilitate the students to attain expected outcomes. Hence, it is imperative to evaluate the components of the curriculum.
Objective: The study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive questionnaire, Manipal Inventory for Curriculum Evaluation (MICE) to evaluate the outcomes of a hybrid physiology curriculum.
Methods: The development and validation of the questionnaire consisted of three stages. The first stage comprised generation of items through literature survey. A three-round modified Delphi technique was used in the second stage to gain consensus across the eleven panel members about the items in the questionnaire. The resulted questionnaire was administered to volunteers from first year undergraduate medical students which comprised the third stage. Principal Component Analysis with Varimax rotation and Kaiser Normalization, and Chronbach’s alpha were performed to analyze the data.
Results: The preliminary questionnaire had two sections; section one had forty seven items, and section two had six items. After the Delphi rounds, the first section had only forty three items, however, there were no changes in the second section. Factor analysis of the first section resulted in seven factors. One item did not load on any of the components, and hence it was dropped from the questionnaire. Overall reliability was found to be 0.898 for Cronbach’s alpha.
Conclusions: The questionnaire MICE was developed with two sections, one focusing on overall curriculum and the other on outcomes. On validation, it was found that the questionnaire had acceptable levels of validity and reliability.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 01 January’23 Page : 47-56
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Kandettu A, Adiga D, Devi V, Suresh PS, Chakrabarty S, Radhakrishnan R, Kabekkodu SP. Deregulated miRNA clusters in ovarian cancer: Imperative implications in personalized medicine. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1443-1465. [PMID: 36157483 PMCID: PMC9485269 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common and fatal types of gynecological cancer. OC is usually detected at the advanced stages of the disease, making it highly lethal. miRNAs are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs with an approximate size ranging around 22 nt. Interestingly, a considerable proportion of miRNAs are organized in clusters with miRNA genes placed adjacent to one another, getting transcribed together to result in miRNA clusters (MCs). MCs comprise two or more miRNAs that follow the same orientation during transcription. Abnormal expression of the miRNA cluster has been identified as one of the key drivers in OC. MC exists both as tumor-suppressive and oncogenic clusters and has a significant role in OC pathogenesis by facilitating cancer cells to acquire various hallmarks. The present review summarizes the regulation and biological function of MCs in OC. The review also highlights the utility of abnormally expressed MCs in the clinical management of OC.
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Erappa U, Konde S, Agarwal M, Peethambar P, Devi V, Ghosh S. Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Hypnosis, Acupressure and Audiovisual Aids in Reducing the Anxiety of Children during Administration of Local Anesthesia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 14:S186-S192. [PMID: 35645487 PMCID: PMC9108796 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The present study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of acupressure, hypnosis and audiovisual aids in reducing anxiety in children during the administration of local anesthesia (LA). Methodology Two hundred apparently healthy children were selected randomly between 6 and 10 years of age and were divided into 4 groups with 50 children in each group. Group I: children were subjected to hypnosis, group II: acupressure, group III: AV aids i.e., VPT, and group IV: children were the control group where no anxiety-reducing techniques were used during administration of LA. The anxiety scores were recorded at three different time intervals by recording the pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR) and anxiety rate (AR) and subjected to statistical analysis. Results The results showed that, all the three distraction techniques showed a significant reduction in PR, RR and AR at all time intervals, when compared to the control group. A significant reduction in PR, RR and AR was seen in the hypnosis group when compared to acupressure and only PR in comparison to AV aids. There was no significant difference between group II and III in reducing anxiety. Conclusion The present study indicates that all the three distraction techniques were effective in reducing anxiety in children. Hypnosis was most promising, followed by audiovisual aids and acupressure. Clinical significance The techniques can be utilized in a day-to-day practice to manage patients with anxiety. How to cite this article Erappa U, Konde S, Agarwal M, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Hypnosis, Acupressure and Audiovisual Aids in Reducing the Anxiety of Children during Administration of Local Anesthesia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-2):S186-S192.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umadevi Erappa
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Umadevi Erappa, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Phone: +91 9632530566, e-mail:
| | - Sapna Konde
- Department of Pedodontics, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manisha Agarwal
- Department of Pedodontics, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Preetha Peethambar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - V Devi
- Department of Pedodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suryoday Ghosh
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura, West Bengal, India
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Vashe A, Devi V, Rao KR, Abraham RR. Establishing links between assessments and expected learning outcomes through curriculum mapping in a dental physiology curriculum. Natl Med J India 2021; 34:40-45. [PMID: 34397005 DOI: 10.4103/0970-258x.323445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background . The relevance of curriculum mapping to determine the links between expected learning outcomes and assessment is well stated in the literature. Nevertheless, studies confirming the usage of such maps are minimal. Methods . We assessed links through curriculum mapping, between assessments and expected learning outcomes of dental physiology curriculum of three batches of students (2012-14) at Melaka-Manipal Medical College (MMMC), Manipal. The questions asked under each assessment method were mapped to the respective expected learning outcomes, and students' scores in different assessments in physiology were gathered. Students' (n = 220) and teachers' (n=15) perspectives were collected through focus group discussion sessions and questionnaire surveys. Results . More than 75% of students were successful (≥50% scores) in majority of the assessments. There was moderate (r=0.4-0.6) to strong positive correlation (r=0.7-0.9) between majority of the assessments. However, students' scores in viva voce had a weak positive correlation with the practical examination score (r=0.230). The score in the assessments of problem-based learning had either weak (r=0.1-0.3) or no correlation with other assessment scores. Conclusions . Through curriculum mapping, we were able to establish links between assessments and expected learning outcomes. We observed that, in the assessment system followed at MMMC, all expected learning outcomes were not given equal weightage in the examinations. Moreover, there was no direct assessment of self-directed learning skills. Our study also showed that assessment has supported students in achieving the expected learning outcomes as evidenced by the qualitative and quantitative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Vashe
- Department of Physiology, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Centre for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - K Raghavendra Rao
- Formerly Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Reem Rachel Abraham
- Department of Physiology, American University School of Medicine Aruba (AUSOMA), Wilhelminastraat 59, Oranjestad, Aruba
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Abstract
Background . Undergraduate research experience has become increasingly relevant for today's medical students, considering the professional requirements of their challenging future. Methods . In the mentored student project (MSP) programme at Melaka Manipal Medical College, students undertake a short-term group research project under the guidance of their mentor. After data collection and analysis, students are required to write an abstract, present a poster and also write individual reflective summaries of their research experience. We evaluated the MSP programme using reflective summaries of a batch of undergraduate medical students. Data from 41 reflective summaries were analysed using the thematic analysis approach. The learning outcomes at the third and fourth levels of the Kirkpatrick evaluation model were determined from the summaries. Results . Students' reflective summaries indicated that they were satisfied with the MSP experience. In all the summaries, there was a mention of an improvement in teamwork skills through MSP. Improved relations with mentors were another relevant outcome. Improvement in communication skills and a positive change related to research attitude were also reported by students. Conclusions . Reflective summaries as a means to evaluate the MSP programme was found to be an easy, feasible and cost-effective method. The qualitative approach adopted for data analysis enabled the programme coordinators to assess the strengths and barriers of the programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Campus, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Reem Rachel Abraham
- Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Campus, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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Otuka N, Pritychenko B, Fleming M, Jin Y, Pikulina G, Suzuki R, Devi V, Mikhailiukova M, Okumura S, Soppera N, Tada T, Takács S, Taova S, Varlamov V, Wang J, Yang S, Zerkin V. Progress in international collaboration on EXFOR library. EPJ Web Conf 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202023915001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The EXFOR library has served as the unique repository of experimental cross section and other nuclear reaction data for 50 years. The Nuclear Reaction Data Centres (NRDC) have compiled data sets from more than 22000 experimental works for the EXFOR library. Our collaboration and effort on improvement of EXFOR coverage are described in this paper, as well as tools for digitization of numerical data from graph images developed by us for EXFOR compilation.
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Amuthan A, Devi V, Shreedhara CS, Rao V, Jasphin S, Kumar N. Vernonia cinerea regenerates tubular epithelial cells in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in cancer bearing mice without affecting antitumor activity. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 11:279-286. [PMID: 34012874 PMCID: PMC8116717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional Siddha Medicine advises using metal-based formulations to treat cancers. In the case of any toxicities during the therapy, Siddha physicians use Vernonia cinerea (VC) whole plant kashayam (crude aqueous extract-CAE) to reverse the toxic effects. Aim To evaluate the nephroprotective activity of CAE and its fractions in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to assess whether they compromise the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin. Materials and methods Cisplatin-induced renal damage was induced in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice during mild phase of tumor growth. CAE and its butanol (BF) and aqueous (AF) fractions were administered orally from the 5th day for five days. Nephroprotective potential (serum urea, creatinine, renal histology) and effect of VC on cisplatin anticancer efficacy (tumor volume, viable tumor cells, percentage increase in life span (% ILS)) were calculated. Result CAE and its fractions significantly reversed the cisplatin-induced renal damage. CAE and BF treated animals showed regeneration of 50%–75% of proximal tubular cells. Compared to EAC control mice, the % ILS of the cisplatin-treated group was 244% and it was further extended to 379% after CAE administration. The % ILS in the CAE treated group was 1.6 times higher than the cisplatin alone treated group. GC-MS study showed the presence of astaxanthin and betulin. Conclusion CAE of VC reverses cisplatin-induced kidney damage as well as regenerates proximal tubular epithelial cells, without compromising the anticancer effect of cisplatin. When CAE was further fractionated, the nephroprotective activity was retained, but the beneficial anticancer effect of cisplatin was compromised. Vernonia cinerea (VC) significantly reverses cisplatin-induced kidney damage. VC regenerates the damaged proximal tubular epithelial cells. VC did not compromise the anticancer beneficial effect of cisplatin. Fractionation of VC lead to compromising of cisplatin anticancer effect. Astaxanthin and betulin present in VC could be resposible for its nephroprotective effect.
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Key Words
- % ILS, percentage increase in life span
- AF, aqueous fraction
- Astaxanthin
- Ayurveda
- BF, n-butanol fraction
- Betulin
- CAE, Crude aqueous extract
- Cisplatin
- EAC, Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma
- GC-MS, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy
- MST, Mean Survival Time
- Nephroprotection
- Nephrotoxicity
- Siddha
- US FDA, Food and Drug Administration of the United States
- VC, Vernonia cinerea
- Vernonia cinerea
- WBC, White blood cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Amuthan
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
- Division of Siddha, Center for Integrative Medicine and Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
- Coordinator, Center for Cardiovascular Pharmaology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
- Corresponding author.,
| | - Chandrashekara Shastry Shreedhara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Venkata Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Shiny Jasphin
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, 576104, India
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Vashe A, Devi V, Rao R, Abraham RR. Curriculum mapping of dental physiology curriculum: The path towards outcome-based education. Eur J Dent Educ 2020; 24:518-525. [PMID: 32314484 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Curriculum mapping provides a clear picture of curriculum content, learning opportunities and assessment methods employed to measure the achievement of learning outcomes with their interrelationships. It facilitates educators and teachers to examine the extent to which the curricular components are linked and hence to find out gaps in the curriculum. The objective of the study was, therefore, to evaluate the physiology curriculum of Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) programme through curriculum mapping. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, mapping of the physiology curriculum of three batches of BDS programme was conducted retrospectively. The components of the curriculum used for mapping were expected learning outcomes, curriculum content, learning opportunities, assessments and learning resources. The data were gathered by reviewing office records. RESULTS Descriptive analysis of the data revealed reasonable alignment between the curriculum content and questions asked in examinations for all three batches. It was found that all the expected learning outcomes were addressed in the curriculum and assessed in different assessments. Moreover, the study revealed that the physiology curriculum was contributing to majority of the programme outcomes. Nevertheless, the study could identify some gaps in the curriculum, as well. CONCLUSION This study revealed that majority of the components of the curriculum were linked and contributed to attaining the expected learning outcomes. It also showed that curriculum mapping was feasible and could be used as a tool to evaluate the curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Vashe
- Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raghavendra Rao
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Reem R Abraham
- Department of Physiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (formerly University of Dammam), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Vashe A, Devi V, Rao R, Abraham RR, Pallath V, Umakanth S. Using an integrated teaching approach to facilitate student achievement of the learning outcomes in a preclinical medical curriculum in India. Adv Physiol Educ 2019; 43:522-528. [PMID: 31642706 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00067.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Today most education institutions around the world have adopted the philosophy of outcome-based education. The emphasis in outcome-based education is achievement of outcomes; hence the curriculum should be designed in a way that it includes the components targeted specifically at achieving these outcomes. A discipline-based approach results in fragmentation of learning and lack of clinical applicability. Integrated teaching could be a solution to achieve required outcomes in a holistic way. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate an integrated teaching module. Temporal coordination of the basic sciences, along with correlation of learned topics to clinical settings, was done in the first year of the undergraduate medical program. The module was evaluated by obtaining qualitative and quantitative feedback from students. Student assessment was conducted with a test that had case vignettes and multiple-choice questions. In addition, students' change in learning approaches and self-directed learning readiness were collected. Students' perception regarding the educational environment was also obtained. Analysis of the data showed positive feedback from the students regarding the integrated teaching. Students' average score in the test was 86%. There was a significant increase in the scores for the deep approach and self-directed learning readiness in the posttest compared with the pretest. Moreover, students were found to be satisfied with the educational environment. Evaluation of integrated teaching revealed that it was well accepted by the students. Moreover, it facilitated the achievement of the students' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Vashe
- Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Rao
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Reem Rachel Abraham
- Department of Physiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinod Pallath
- Medical Education and Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shashikiran Umakanth
- Department of Medicine, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Amuthan A, Devi V, Shreedhara CS, Rao V, Lobo R. Cytoprotective Activity of Neichitti (Vernonia cinerea) in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK293) Normal Cells and Human Cervix Epitheloid Carcinoma (HeLa) Cells against Cisplatin Induced Toxicity: A Comparative Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2019. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2019/40242.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abraham RR, Alele F, Kamath U, Kurien A, Rai KS, Bairy I, Rao MKG, Rao G, Devi V, Rao YK, Sen Gupta T, Malau-Aduli BS. Assessment for learning: a needs analysis study using formative assessment to evaluate the need for curriculum reform in basic sciences. Adv Physiol Educ 2018; 42:482-486. [PMID: 30035629 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00093.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A needs analysis study for curriculum reform in basic sciences was conducted at Melaka Manipal Medical College, India, by means of a formative assessment method, namely Basic Science Retention Examination (BSRE). Students participated in a BSRE, which comprised recall and clinical multiple-choice questions in six discipline areas. They also rated the clinical relevance of each question and provided responses to three open-text questions about the exam. Pass rates were determined; clinical relevance ratings and performance scores were compared between recall type and clinical questions to test students' level of clinical application of basic science knowledge. Text comments were thematically analyzed to identify recurring themes. Only one-third of students passed the BSRE (32.2%). Students performed better in recall questions compared with clinical questions in anatomy (51.0 vs. 40.2%), pathology (45.1 vs. 38.1%), pharmacology (41.8 vs. 31.7%), and biochemistry (43.5 vs. 26.9%). In physiology, students performed better in clinical questions compared with the recall type (56.2 vs. 45.8%). Students' response to BSRE was positive. The findings imply that transfer of basic science knowledge was poor, and that assessment methods should emphasize clinical application of basic science knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Rachel Abraham
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Faith Alele
- Division of Tropical Medicine, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland , Australia
| | - Ullas Kamath
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Annamma Kurien
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Kiranmai S Rai
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Indira Bairy
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Mohandas K G Rao
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Guruprasad Rao
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Yeshwant K Rao
- Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal, Karnataka , India
| | - Tarun Sen Gupta
- Division of Tropical Medicine, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland , Australia
| | - Bunmi S Malau-Aduli
- Division of Tropical Medicine, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland , Australia
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Satyam SM, Bairy LK, Devi V. Correlation of Gender and Leptin with Analgesic Effect of Tramadol in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/36789.11668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Devi V, Abraham RR, Kamath U. Teaching and Assessing Reflecting Skills among Undergraduate Medical Students Experiencing Research. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:JC01-JC05. [PMID: 28273981 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/20186.9142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reflection is the integral component of lifelong learning. Hence, there is a need for incorporating opportunities for students in the curriculum, to develop these skills. AIM To evaluate the feasibility of incorporating teaching-learning activity on reflection early in the undergraduate medical curriculum using research experience as a context, and, to determine whether the reflective skills of students improve upon training. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was experimental with test and control groups and was conducted at Melaka Manipal Medical College, India. Senior batch of medical students in the second year of the course, about to complete their research project were considered as the test group and subsequent junior batch which was in middle of the research activity was the control. The test group was provided with a teaching-learning activity on reflection. Following this, students were asked to write reflective summary on experience of doing research. The control group who did not receive any training on reflection were also requested to write reflective summaries. Reflective summaries were graded by two authors independently using a newly developed rubric. Later, the grades were designated with scores. Perspective regarding this teaching-learning activity was collected from the test group. Feasibility was examined during teaching-learning activity and assessment. Mean reflective summary scores of control and test groups were expressed as mean±standard deviation and compared using independent samples t-test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Inter-rater reliability of the rubric was analyzed using Kappa statistics. RESULTS The teaching-learning activity lasted for two hours. It took an average of five minutes for researchers to assess each reflective summary. There was a statistically significant (p<0.001) difference in the mean reflective summary scores between control (26.45±9.43) and test (51.66±6.56) groups. Kappa for inter-rater reliability was 0.784 denoting substantial agreement between two raters. Perceptions revealed acceptability of module (median 4, scale 1-5). CONCLUSION Teaching and assessing reflecting skills among students using research experience as context was feasible. This study demonstrated that students acquire better reflecting skills after undergoing training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Devi
- Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Reem Rachel Abraham
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ullas Kamath
- Dean and Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Devi V, Ramnarayan K, Abraham RR, Pallath V, Kamath A, Kodidela S. Short-term outcomes of a program developed to inculcate research essentials in undergraduate medical students. J Postgrad Med 2016; 61:163-8. [PMID: 26119435 PMCID: PMC4943408 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.159315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in research during undergraduate studies may increase students' interest in research and inculcate research essentials in them. AIMS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the mentored student project (MSP) program. SETTINGS AND DESIGN In the MSP program, students in groups (n = 3 to 5) undertook a research project, wrote a scholarly report, and presented the work as a poster presentation with the help of a faculty mentor. To begin with, the logic model of the program was developed to identify short-term outcomes of the program on students, mentors, and the institution. A quasi-experimental design was used to measure the outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mixed method evaluation was done using a newly-developed questionnaire to assess the impact of the MSP on students' attitude, a multiple-choice question (MCQs) test to find out the impact on students' knowledge and grading of students' project reports and posters along with a survey to check the impact on skills. Students' satisfaction regarding the program and mentors' perceptions were collected using questionnaires. Evidence for validity was collected for all the instruments used for the evaluation. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Non-parametric tests were used to analyze data. Based on the scores, project reports and posters were graded into A (>70% marks), B (60-69% marks), and C (<59% marks) categories. The number of MSPs that resulted in publications, conference presentation and departmental collaborations were taken as impact on the institution. RESULTS Students' response rate was 91.5%. The students' attitudes regarding research changed positively (P = 0.036) and score in the MCQ test improved (P < 0.001) after undertaking MSP. Majority of project reports and posters were of grade A category. The majority of the items related to skills gained and satisfaction had a median score of 4. The MSPs resulted in inter-departmental and inter-institutional collaborations, 14 publications and 15 conference presentations. An area for improvement noted was to have the MSP implemented in the curriculum without increasing students' overall workload and stress. CONCLUSION The study identified strengths and weaknesses of the MSP program. Our model of undergraduate research project may be incorporated in undergraduate medical programs to foster positive attitude and knowledge base about scientific research and to instil research skills among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Camps, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Devi V, bin Zulkifli Z, bin Abd Rahman AH, binti Razali NWA, binti Md Salehuddin NA. Learning Habits of Undergraduate Medical Students in Pharmacology. IJPCS 2016; 4:63-67. [DOI: 10.5530/ijpcs.4.3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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mustafa S, Devi V. Liquid Chromatographic Assay for the Analysis of Kanamycin sulphate nanoparticles in Rat after intramuscular administration: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7324/japs.2016.60809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Devi V, Bhat V, Shenoy G. Undergraduate pharmacology curriculum at an international medical college in India. Indian J Pharmacol 2016; 48:S14-S18. [PMID: 28031601 PMCID: PMC5178047 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.193322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacology is an important aspect of rational therapeutics. There has been a long-standing need for a change in the undergraduate medical curriculum of pharmacology. A review of literature throws up different approaches to improve the curriculum and to provide more importance to conceptualization and relevance to clinical practice. This article describes the undergraduate pharmacology curriculum which is revised to meet the needs of our unique status as an international medical college in India. We highlight how our curriculum prepares the students for future clinical practice by inculcating higher cognitive skills and soft skills. This article also provides a model for program evaluation and also challenges faced by our department while executing the planned curriculum.
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Devi V, Upadhye P, Ram P, Menezes RG. Development of a teaching module for parenteral drug administration and objective structured practical examination stations in pharmacology. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 45:587-92. [PMID: 24347766 PMCID: PMC3847248 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.121369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Safe parenteral drug administration includes preparation of safe medication for administration. Training medical students is crucial to minimize medication administration errors. The study aims to develop a module to teach drug preparation skills and to develop objective structured practical examination (OSPE) stations to assess these skills. Students’ perceptions regarding the module were also assessed. Materials and Methods: A module was developed to teach following skills to 2nd year medical students: Aspiration of a drug from the ampule, aspiration of the drug from the vial, aspiration of the drug in powdered form from vial (reconstitution), and setting up an intravenous (IV) infusion. A randomized case control study design was used to establish the validity of OSPE stations. Student volunteers were grouped into case (n = 20) and control groups (n = 20) by simple randomization. The test group watched videos of skills and received demonstration of skills and a practice session before OSPE, whereas the control group watched videos before the OSPE and received demonstration and a practice session only after the OSPE. Each student was assessed by two faculty members during OSPE using a validated checklist. Mean OSPE scores of control and test groups were compared using independent samples t-test. Interrater reliability and concurrent validity of stations were analyzed using interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation, respectively. Students’ responses were expressed as median and interquartile range. Results: The response rate in the questionnaire was 100%. Significant difference between mean scores (P < 0.05) of test and control groups revealed fulfillment of construct validity of OSPE stations. Interrater reliability (ICC > 0.7) and concurrent validity (r value > 7) of all the stations was high. Perceptions revealed acceptability of module and OSPE stations by students (median 4, scale 1-5). Conclusions: A module to teach drug preparation skills was developed and along with valid and reliable OSPE stations that were acceptable to students. The study demonstrated that students acquire better skills through teaching than merely watching these skills in videos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Campus, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Prachitee Upadhye
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Campus, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Pradhum Ram
- Department of Pharmacology, Undergraduate Medical Student, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India
| | - Ritesh G Menezes
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Suresh CT, Devi V, Muralikrishna MM. Hypertrophic tumefactive pachymeningitis presenting as left visual loss. J Assoc Physicians India 2013; 61:563-564. [PMID: 24818342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Devi V, Abraham RR, Adiga A, Ramnarayan K, Kamath A. Fostering research skills in undergraduate medical students through Mentored Student Projects: Example from an Indian medical school. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 8:294-8. [DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i3.6215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Healthcare decision-making is largely reliant on evidence–based medicine; building skills in scientific reasoning and thinking among medical students becomes an important part of medical education. Medical students in India have no formal path to becoming physicians, scientists or academicians. Objectives This study examines students’ perceptions regarding research skills improvement after participating in the Mentored Student Project programme at Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Campus, India. Additionally, this paper describes the initiatives taken for the continual improvement of the Mentored Student Project programme based on faculty and student perspectives. Methods At Melaka Manipal Medical College, Mentored Student Project was implemented in the curriculum during second year of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery programme with the intention of developing research skills essential to the career development of medical students. The study design was cross-sectional. To inculcate the spirit of team work students were grouped (n=3 to 5) and each group was asked to select a research project. The students’ research projects were guided by their mentors. A questionnaire (Likert’s five point scale) on students’ perceptions regarding improvement in research skills after undertaking projects and guidance received from the mentor was administered to medical students after they had completed their Mentored Student Project . The responses of students were summarised using percentages. The median grade with inter-quartile range was reported for each item in the questionnaire. The median grade for all the items related to perceptions regarding improvement in research skills was 4 which reflected that the majority of the students felt that Mentored Student Project had improved their research skills. The problems encountered by the students during Mentored Student Project were related to time management for the Mentored Student Project and mentors. Results This study shows that students acknowledged that their research skills were improved after participating in the Mentored Student Project programme. Conclusions The Mentored Student Project programme was successful in fostering positive attitudes among medical students towards scientific research. The present study also provides scope for further improvement of the Mentored Student Project programme based on students’ and faculty perspectives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v8i3.6215 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2010;8(3):294-8
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Devi V, Mandal T, Kodidela S, Pallath V. Integrating students′ reflection-in-learning and examination performance as a method for providing educational feedback. J Postgrad Med 2012; 58:270-4. [DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Dinakaran K, Chandramohan A, Venkatesan M, Devaraj S, Devi V, Alagar M. Surface Plasmon Enhanced Photoluminescence of Rhodamine B Confined in SBA15. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.11.3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abraham RR, Devi V. Students' perceptions regarding poster presentation associated with Mentored Student Projects. Med Teach 2011; 33:423. [PMID: 21355694 DOI: 10.3109/0142159x.2010.545456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Devi V, Mandal T, Deb D, Khandelwal S, Kodidela S, Pallath V. Perspectives regarding intended learning outcomes in pharmacology. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:481-2. [PMID: 21845014 PMCID: PMC3153722 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.83125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Devi V, Abraham RR, Pallath V, Mohammed CA. Students' perspectives regarding an ideal PBL case. Med Teach 2011; 33:169-170. [PMID: 21355108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Kidiyoor Y, Nayak VC, Devi V, Bakkannavar SM, Kumar GP, Menezes RG. A rare case of myocardial infarction due to parathion poisoning. J Forensic Leg Med 2009; 16:472-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Devi V, Shanbhag TV, Bairy KL, Rao N, Shenoy S. Effect of Phyllanthus niruri on wound healing in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2005; 49:487-90. [PMID: 16579405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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Kuruvilla A, Devi V. Drugs influencing cognitive function. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1994; 38:241-51. [PMID: 7883287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kuruvilla
- Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore
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Labie D, Srinivas R, Dunda O, Dode C, Lapoumeroulie C, Devi V, Devi S, Ramasami K, Elion J, Ducrocq R. Haplotypes in tribal Indians bearing the sickle gene: evidence for the unicentric origin of the beta S mutation and the unicentric origin of the tribal populations of India. Hum Biol 1989; 61:479-91. [PMID: 2480325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To determine the origin of sickle cell anemia (SS) in India, we analyzed haplotypes of the beta gene cluster in beta S-carrying individuals belonging to tribal populations living in the Nilgiris region of southern India and complemented the available data on tribes of east-central India. We found that in the Nilgiris tribes chromosomes bearing the beta S gene are linked in 91% of the cases to the "Asian" (Arab-Indian) haplotype (although 25% of the haplotypes had the epsilon polymorphic site negative, making the 5' portion of the haplotype identical with the African Senegal haplotype). These XmnI (+) chromosomes were associated with high G gamma expression (67.2 +/- 5.9%) and a high percentage of Hb F (15.5 +/- 7.9%; range, 6-25.3%). We have similar findings for tribal groups from west-central India (Gujarat). In east-central India we have confirmed the data of others, finding the same haplotype linked to beta S in tribes living in the east (Orissa, Andhra Pradesh). We conclude that the beta S gene in presently isolated and disperse tribal populations in India is associated with one predominant typical haplotype, suggesting a unicentric origin of the mutation in India. In addition, this finding implies a unicentric origin of the tribal populations themselves: The gene must have arisen and spread before tribal dispersion. Furthermore, we find extremely high frequencies of the (-alpha) haplotype in the Nilgiris (0.89) and in Gujarat (0.95). The beta S gene linkage to a high Hb F-expressing haplotype and the high incidence of alpha-thalassemia predict a mild phenotypical expression of sickle cell anemia in India.
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Victor S, Muthurajan S, Sekhar TG, Gopinath R, Dhala B, Devi V, Gajaraj A, Venkataraman MS. Giant cervical herniation of an apical pulmonary bulla. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987; 93:141-2. [PMID: 3796023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A 60-year-old woman had a giant air cyst in the right side of the neck, which arose from the apex of the right lung. We are unable to find a similar case report in literature.
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Pandurangi AK, Devi V, Channabasavanna SM. Caudate atrophy in irreversible tardive dyskinesia (a pneumoencephalographic study). J Clin Psychiatry 1980; 41:229-31. [PMID: 6967063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pneumoencephalography done under standard conditions on 5 patients with tardive dyskinesia and 3 matched controls revealed evidence of caudate atrophy in 3 of the dyskinetic patients. The same 3 patients proved refractory to treatment of their dyskinesia. It is concluded that tardive dyskinesia is a heterogenous entity with some patients having irreversible dyskinesia and exhibiting radiologically demonstrable damage.
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