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Singh G, Singh R, Monga V, Mehan S. 3,5-Disubstituted-thiazolidine-2,4-dione hybrids as antidiabetic agents: Design, synthesis, in-vitro and In vivo evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 266:116139. [PMID: 38252989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing metabolic disorders, nearly doubling the number of patients each year. There are different treatment approaches available for the management of diabetes, which lacks due to their side effects. The inhibition of enzymes involved in the metabolism of complex polysaccharides to monosaccharides has proven beneficial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Two enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, have emerged as potential drug targets and are widely explored for drug development against type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this context, thiazolidine-2,4-diones (TZDs) have emerged as potential drug candidates for developing newer molecules against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Nineteen TZD-hybrids were synthesized and evaluated in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The compounds 7i, 7k, and 7p have emerged as the best dual inhibitors with IC50 of 10.33 ± 0.11-20.94 ± 0.76 μM and 10.19 ± 0.25-24.07 ± 1.56 μM against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, respectively. The derivatives had good anti-oxidant activity, displaying IC50 = 14.95 ± 0.65-23.27 ± 0.99 μM. The compounds 7k and 7p showed the best inhibition of reactive oxygen species in the PNAC-1 cells. The molecules exhibit good binding within the active site of α-amylase (PDB id: 1B2Y) and α-glucosidase (PDB id: 3W37), displaying binding energies of -7.5 to -10.7 kcal/mol and -7.4 to -10.3 kcal/mol, respectively. Further, the compounds were nontoxic (LD50 = 500-1311 mg/kg) and possessed good GI absorption. The compounds 7i, 7k, and 7p were evaluated in vivo antidiabetic activity in an STZ-induced diabetic model in Wistar rats. The compound 7p emerged as the best compound in the in vivo studies; however, the activity was lesser than that of the standard drug pioglitazone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India; Research Scholar, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajveer Singh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Drug Design and Molecular Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India, (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India).
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Dhiman P, Yadav N, Auti PS, Jaswal S, Singh G, Mehan S, Ghosh B, Paul AT, Monga V. Discovery of thiazolidinedione-based pancreatic lipase inhibitors as anti-obesity agents: synthesis, in silico studies and pharmacological investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38315459 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A series of new 2,5-disubstituted arylidene derivatives of thiazolidinedione (16a-e, 17a-d, 18a-c) designed using molecular hybridization approach were synthesized, structurally characterized, and explored for their anti-obesity potential via inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase (PL). Compound 18a presented the most potent PL inhibitory activity with IC50 = 2.71 ± 0.31 µM, as compared to the standard drug, Orlistat (IC50 = 0.99 µM). Kinetic study revealed reversible competitive mode of enzyme inhibition by compound 18a with an inhibitory constant value of 1.19 µM. The most promising compound 18a revealed satisfactory binding mode within the active site of the target protein (human PL, PDB ID: 1LPB). Also, MM/PBSA binding free energy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis were performed for the most promising compound 18a, which showed potent inhibition according to the results of in vitro studies. Furthermore, a stable conformation of the 1LPB-ligand suggested the stability of this compound in the dynamic environment. The ADME and toxicity analysis of the compounds were examined using web-based online platforms. Results of in vivo studies confirmed the anti-obesity efficacy of compound 18a, wherein oral treatment with compound 18a (30 mg/kg) resulted in a significant reduction in the body weight, BMI, Lee index, feed intake (in Kcal), body fat depots and serum triglycerides. Compound 18a significantly decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) to 128.6 ± 0.59 mg/dl and serum total triglycerides (TG) to 95.73 ± 0.67 mg/dl as compared to the HFD control group. The present study identified disubstituted TZD derivatives as a new promising class of anti-obesity agents.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Dhiman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Nisha Yadav
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, India
| | - Prashant S Auti
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, India
| | - Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, India
| | - Atish T Paul
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Drug Design and Molecular Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda, India
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Khator R, Monga V. Recent advances in the synthesis and medicinal perspective of pyrazole-based α-amylase inhibitors as antidiabetic agents. Future Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38230638 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a serious health threat across the globe, claiming millions of lives worldwide. Among the various strategies employed, inhibition of α-amylase is a therapeutic protocol for the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. α-Amylase is a crucial enzyme involved in the breakdown of dietary starch into simpler units. However, the clinically used α-amylase inhibitors have various drawbacks. Therefore, design and development of novel α-amylase inhibitors have gained significant attention. The pyrazole motif has been identified as a versatile scaffold in medicinal chemistry, and recent studies have led to the identification of various pyrazole-based α-amylase inhibitors. This review compiles therapeutic implications of pyrazole-appended α-amylase inhibitors; their synthesis, biological activities, structure-activity relationships and molecular docking studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Khator
- Drug Design & Molecular Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, 151401, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Drug Design & Molecular Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, 151401, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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Singh G, Monga V. Peptide Nucleic Acids: Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Backbone Modifications. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106860. [PMID: 37748328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid represents the ideal drug candidate for protein targets that are hard to target or against which drug development is not easy. Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are synthesized by attaching modified peptide backbones generally derived from repetitive N-2-aminoethyl glycine units in place of the regular phosphodiester backbone and represent synthetic impersonator of nucleic acids that offers an exciting research field due to their fascinating spectrum of biotechnological, diagnostic and potential therapeutic applications. The semi-rigid peptide nucleic acid backbone serves as a nearly-perfect template for attaching complimentary base pairs on DNA or RNA in a sequence-dependent manner as described by Watson-Crick models. PNAs and their analogues are endowed with exceptionally high affinity and specificity for receptor sites, essentially due to their polyamide backbone's uncharged and flexible nature. The present review compiled various strategies to modify the polypeptide backbone for improving the target selectivity and stability of the PNAs in the body. The investigated biological activities carried out on PNAs have also been summarized in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India.
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Abdul Rahman SM, Bhatti JS, Thareja S, Monga V. Current development of 1,2,3-triazole derived potential antimalarial scaffolds: Structure- activity relationship (SAR) and bioactive compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115699. [PMID: 37542987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is among one of the most devastating and deadliest parasitic disease in the world claiming millions of lives every year around the globe. It is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by various species of the parasitic protozoan of the genus Plasmodium. The indiscriminate exploitation of the clinically used antimalarial drugs led to the development of various drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant strains of plasmodium which severely reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of most frontline medicines. Therefore, there is urgent need to develop novel structural classes of antimalarial agents acting with unique mechanism of action(s). In this context, design and development of hybrid molecules containing pharmacophoric features of different lead molecules in a single entity represents a unique strategy for the development of next-generation antimalarial drugs. Research efforts by the scientific community over the past few years has led to the identification and development of several heterocyclic small molecules as antimalarial agents with high potency, less toxicity and desired efficacy. Triazole derivatives have become indispensable units in the medicinal chemistry due to their diverse spectrum of biological profiles and many triazole based hybrids and conjugates have demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities. The manuscript compiled recent developments in the medicinal chemistry of triazole based small heterocyclic molecules as antimalarial agents and discusses various reported biologically active compounds to lay the groundwork for the rationale design and discovery of triazole based antimalarial compounds. The article emphasised on biological activities, structure activity relationships, and molecular docking studies of various triazole based hybrids with heterocycles such as quinoline, artemisinins, naphthyl, naphthoquinone, etc. as potential antimalarial agents which could act on the dual stage and multi stage of the parasitic life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maheen Abdul Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
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Kulkarni S, Bhandary D, Singh Y, Monga V, Thareja S. Boron in cancer therapeutics: An overview. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108548. [PMID: 37858628 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Boron has become a crucial weapon in anticancer research due to its significant intervention in cell proliferation. Being an excellent bio-isosteric replacement of carbon, it has modulated the anticancer efficacy of various molecules in the development pipeline. It has elicited promising results through interactions with various therapeutic targets such as HIF-1α, steroid sulfatase, arginase, proteasome, etc. Since boron liberates alpha particles, it has a wide-scale application in Boron Neutron Capture therapy (BNCT), a radiotherapy that demonstrates selectivity towards cancer cells due to high boron uptake capacity. Significant advances in the medicinal chemistry of boronated compounds, such as boronated sugars, natural/unnatural amino acids, boronated DNA binders, etc., have been reported over the past few years as BNCT agents. In addition, boronated nanoparticles have assisted the field of bio-nano medicines by their usage in radiotherapy. This review exclusively focuses on the medicinal chemistry aspects, radiotherapeutic, and chemotherapeutic aspects of boron in cancer therapeutics. Emphasis is also given on the mechanism of action along with advantages over conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Dyuti Bhandary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India.
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Singh Y, Bhatia N, Biharee A, Kulkarni S, Thareja S, Monga V. Developing our knowledge of the quinolone scaffold and its value to anticancer drug design. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1151-1167. [PMID: 37592843 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2246366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The quinolone scaffold is a bicyclic benzene-pyridinic ring scaffold with nitrogen at the first position and a carbonyl group at the second or fourth position. It is endowed with a diverse spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antitumor activity, and has progressed into various development phases of clinical trials for their target-specific anticancer activity. AREAS COVERED The present review covers both classes of quinolones, i.e. quinolin-2(H)-one and quinolin-4(H)-one as anticancer agents, along with their possible mode of binding. Furthermore, their structure-activity relationships, molecular mechanisms, and pharmacokinetic properties are also covered to provide insight into their structural requirements for their rational design as anticancer agents. EXPERT OPINION Synthetic feasibility and ease of derivatization at multiple positions, has allowed medicinal chemists to explore quinolones and their chemical diversity to discover newer anticancer agents. The presence of both hydrogen bond donor (-NH) and acceptor (-C=O) functionality in the basic scaffold at two different positions, has broadened the research scope. In particular, substitution at the -NH functionality of the quinolone motif has provided ample space for suitable functionalization and appropriate substitution at the quinolone's third, sixth, and seventh carbons, resulting in selective anticancer agents binding specifically with various drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Neha Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Avadh Biharee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Chaurasyia A, Chawla P, Monga V, Singh G. Rhodanine derivatives: An insight into the synthetic and medicinal perspectives as antimicrobial and antiviral agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:500-549. [PMID: 36447391 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Rhodanine or 2-Thioxothiazolidin-4-one is a privileged heterocyclic compound offering a wide opportunity for structural modification, lead development, and modification. It is one of the highly decorated scaffolds in the drug discovery process. Rhodanine derivatives possess a plethora of biological activities due to their ability to interact with a diverse range of protein targets, which provide tremendous opportunities to discover new drugs with different modes of action. The most common strategy for developing novel rhodanine derivatives is the introduction of structurally diverse substituents at the C-5 or N-3, or both positions. Since the inception of Epralestat into the market in 1992, the exploration of rhodanine-3-acetic acids has led to the development of novel leads against different biological targets such as MRSA, HHV-6, Mycobacterial tuberculosis, dengue, etc. In the current pandemic era, some rhodanine compounds have been explored against SARS-CoV-2. In recent years, rhodanine and its derivatives have witnessed significant progress in developing new drug leads as potential antimicrobial and antiviral agents. Different synthetic methodologies and recent developments in the medicinal chemistry of rhodanine derivatives, including biological activities, their mechanistic aspects, structure-activity relationships, and in silico findings, have been compiled in the present review. This article will benefit the scientific community and offer perspectives on how these scaffolds as privileged structures might be exploited in the future for rational design and discovery of rhodanine-based bio-active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Chaurasyia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.,Research Scholar, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India
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Kulkarni S, Singh Y, Biharee A, Bhatia N, Monga V, Thareja S. Molecular docking, 3D-QSAR and simulation studies for identifying pharmacophoric features of indole derivatives as 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17β-HSD5) inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12668-12685. [PMID: 36744535 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2175265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Excess of androgens leads to various diseases such as Poly-Cystic Ovarian Syndrome, Prostate Cancer, Hirsutism, Obesity and Acne. 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase type 5 (17β-HSD5) converts androstenedione into testosterone peripherally, thereby significantly contributing to the development of these diseases. Indole-bearing scaffolds are reported as potential 17β-HSD5 inhibitors for the manifestation of diseases arising due to androgen excess. In the present work, we have extensively performed a combination of molecular docking, Gaussian field-based 3D-QSAR, Pharmacophore mapping and MD-simulation studies (100 ns) to identify the pharmacophoric features of indole-based compounds as potent 17β-HSD5 inhibitors. Molecular simulation studies of the most potent compound in the binding pocket of enzyme revealed that the compound 11 was stable in the binding pocket and showed good binding affinity through interactions with various residues of active site pocket. The Molecular mechanics Generalized Born surface area continuum solvation (MM/GBSA) and Molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations revealed that the compound 11 possessed a free binding energy of -36.36 kcal/mol and -7.00 kcal/mol, respectively, which was better as compared to reference compound Desmethyl indomethacin (DES). The developed pharmacophore will be helpful to design novel indole-based molecules as potent 17β-HSD5 inhibitors for the treatment of various androgenic disorders.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Avadh Biharee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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Mapuskar K, Vasquez Martinez G, Pulliam C, Petronek M, Steinbach E, Monga V, Furqan M, Jetton J, Saunders D, Pearce A, Davidson S, Pitre L, Dunlap N, Fairbanks R, Lee C, Mott S, Bodeker K, Cl H, Buatti J, Anderson C, Beardsley R, Holmlund J, Zepeda-Orozco D, Spitz D, Allen B. Avasopasem manganese (GC4419) protects against cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease: An exploratory analysis of renal metrics from a randomized phase 2b clinical trial in head and neck cancer patients. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102599. [PMID: 36640725 PMCID: PMC9852651 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with high-dose cisplatin concurrently with radiotherapy (hdCis-RT) commonly suffer kidney injury leading to acute and chronic kidney disease (AKD and CKD, respectively). We conducted a retrospective analysis of renal function and kidney injury-related plasma biomarkers in a subset of HNSCC subjects receiving hdCis-RT in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT02508389) evaluating the superoxide dismutase mimetic, avasopasem manganese (AVA), an investigational new drug. We found that 90 mg AVA treatment prevented a significant reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) three months as well as six and twelve months after treatment compared to 30 mg AVA and placebo. Moreover, AVA treatment may have allowed renal repair in the first 22 days following cisplatin treatment as evidenced by an increase in epithelial growth factor (EGF), known to aid in renal recovery. An upward trend was also observed in plasma iron homeostasis proteins including total iron (Fe-blood) and iron saturation (Fe-saturation) in the 90 mg AVA group versus placebo. These data support the hypothesis that treatment with 90 mg AVA mitigates cisplatin-induced CKD by inhibiting hdCis-induced renal changes and promoting renal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.A. Mapuskar
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - G. Vasquez Martinez
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C.F. Pulliam
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M.S. Petronek
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E.J. Steinbach
- The University of Iowa Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - V. Monga
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M. Furqan
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J.G. Jetton
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Pediatrics, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - D.P. Saunders
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Canada
| | - A. Pearce
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Canada
| | - S. Davidson
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Canada
| | - L. Pitre
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Canada
| | - N.E. Dunlap
- University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | | | - C.M. Lee
- Cancer Care Northwest, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - S.L. Mott
- University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - K.L. Bodeker
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Huang Cl
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J.M. Buatti
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C.M. Anderson
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | - D. Zepeda-Orozco
- Kidney and Urinary Tract Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - D.R. Spitz
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA,Corresponding author. Division of Free Radical and Radiation Biology Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - B.G. Allen
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Iowa City, IA, USA,Corresponding author. Division of Free Radical and Radiation Biology Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1181, USA.
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Singh K, Bhatia R, Kumar B, Singh G, Monga V. Design Strategies, Chemistry and Therapeutic Insights of Multi-target Directed Ligands as Antidepressant Agents. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1329-1358. [PMID: 34727859 PMCID: PMC9881079 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211102154311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the major disorders of the central nervous system worldwide and causes disability and functional impairment. According to the World Health Organization, around 265 million people worldwide are affected by depression. Currently marketed antidepressant drugs take weeks or even months to show anticipated clinical efficacy but remain ineffective in treating suicidal thoughts and cognitive impairment. Due to the multifactorial complexity of the disease, single-target drugs do not always produce satisfactory results and lack the desired level of therapeutic efficacy. Recent literature reports have revealed improved therapeutic potential of multi-target directed ligands due to their synergistic potency and better safety. Medicinal chemists have gone to great extents to design multitarget ligands by generating structural hybrids of different key pharmacophores with improved binding affinities and potency towards different receptors or enzymes. This article has compiled the design strategies of recently published multi-target directed ligands as antidepressant agents. Their biological evaluation, structural-activity relationships, mechanistic and in silico studies have also been described. This article will prove to be highly useful for the researchers to design and develop multi-target ligands as antidepressants with high potency and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India;
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India;
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India;
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India;
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India; ,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India; E-mails: ;
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Kajal K, Singh G, Pradhan T, Bhurta D, Monga V. Corrigendum: The medicinal perspective of 2,4-thiazolidinediones based ligands as antimicrobial, antitumor and antidiabetic agents: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2270016. [PMID: 35839460 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202270016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Singh G, Kajal K, Pradhan T, Bhurta D, Monga V. The medicinal perspective of 2,4-thiazolidinediones based ligands as antimicrobial, antitumor and antidiabetic agents: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100517. [PMID: 35715383 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
2,4-Thiazolidinedione (2,4-TZD), commonly known as glitazone, is a ubiquitous heterocyclic pharmacophore possessing a plethora of pharmacological activities and offering a vast opportunity for structural modification. The diverse range of biological activities endowed with a novel mode of action, low cost, and easy synthesis has attracted the attention of medicinal chemists. Several researchers have integrated the TZD core with different structural fragments to develop a wide range of lead molecules against various clinical disorders. The most common sites for structural modifications at the 2,4-TZD nucleus are the N-3 and the active methylene at C-5. The review covers the recent development of TZD derivatives such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antidiabetic agents. Various 2,4-TZD based agents or drugs, which are either under clinical development or in the market, are discussed in the study. Different synthetic methodologies for synthesizing the 2,4-TZD core are also included in the manuscript. The importance of various substitutions at N-3 and C-5 and the mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships are also discussed. We hope this study will serve as a valuable tool for the scientific community engaged in the structural exploitation of the 2,4-TZD core for developing novel drug m\olecules for life-threatening ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Kumari Kajal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Tathagata Pradhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Deendyal Bhurta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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Shikha D, Monga V, Bhatia R. Nano-biosensors: A New Future for Diagnosis and Modern Analysis. CURR PHARM ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412918666220602122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Shikha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab-142001, India
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Singh S, Monga V, Bhatia R. Impact of fluorescence based analytical techniques in cancer management: An update. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411018666220519105216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab-142001, India
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Singh S, Sharma A, Monga V, Bhatia R. Compendium of naringenin: potential sources, analytical aspects, chemistry, nutraceutical potentials and pharmacological profile. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8868-8899. [PMID: 35357240 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2056726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin is flavorless, water insoluble active principle belonging to flavanone subclass. It exhibits a diverse pharmacological profile as well as divine nutraceutical values. Although several researchers have explored this phytoconstituent to evaluate its promising properties, still it has not gained recognition at therapeutic levels and more clinical investigations are still required. Also the neutraceutical potential has limited marketed formulations. This compilation includes the description of reported therapeutic potentials of naringenin in variety of pathological conditions alongwith the underlying mechanisms. Details of various analytical investigations carried on this molecule have been provided along with brief description of chemistry and structural activity relationship. In the end, various patents filed and clinical trial data has been provided. Naringenin has revealed promising pharmacological activities including cardiovascular diseases, neuroprotection, anti-diabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet activity. It has been marketed in the form of nanoformulations, co-crystals, solid dispersions, tablets, capsules and inclusion complexes. It is also available in various herbal formulations as nutraceutical supplement. There are some pharmacokinetic issue with naringenin like poor absorption and low dissolution rate. Although these issues have been sorted out upto certain extent still further research to investigate the bioavailability of naringenin from herbal supplements and its clinical efficacy is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Alok Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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Saini A, Patel R, Gaba S, Singh G, Gupta GD, Monga V. Adenosine receptor antagonists: Recent advances and therapeutic perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113907. [PMID: 34695776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous purine-based nucleoside expressed nearly in all body tissues. It regulates various body functions by activating four G-protein coupled receptors, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. These receptors are widely acknowledged as drug targets for treating different neurological, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. Although numerous adenosine receptor inhibitors have been developed worldwide, achieving target selectivity is still a big hurdle in drug development. However, the identification of specific radioligands-based affinity assay, fluorescent ligands, and MS-based ligand assay have contributed to the development of selective and potent adenosine ligands. In recent years various small heterocyclic-based molecules have shown some promising results. Istradefylline has been approved for treating Parkinson's in Japan, while preladenant, tozadenant, CVT-6883, MRS-1523, and many more are under different phases of clinical development. The present review is focused on the quest to develop potent and selective adenosine inhibitors from 2013 to early 2021 by various research groups. The review also highlights their biological activity, selectivity, structure-activity relationship, molecular docking, and mechanistic studies. A special emphsesis on drug designing strategies has been also given the manuscript. The comprehensive compilation of research work carried out in the field will provide inevitable scope for designing and developing novel adenosine inhibitors with improved selectivity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Rajiv Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sobhi Gaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
| | - G D Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Gupta O, Pradhan T, Bhatia R, Monga V. Recent advancements in anti-leishmanial research: Synthetic strategies and structural activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113606. [PMID: 34171661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic neglected tropical disease caused by various species of Leishmania parasite. Despite tremendous advancements in the therapeutic sector and drug development strategies, still the existing anti-leishmanial agents are associated with some clinical issues like drug resistance, toxicity and selectivity. Therefore, several research groups are continuously working towards the development of new therapeutic candidates to overcome these issues. Many potential heterocyclic moieties have been explored for this purpose including triazoles, chalcones, chromone, thiazoles, thiosemicarbazones, indole, quinolines, etc. It is evident from the literature that the majority of anti-leishmanial agents act by interacting with key regulators including PTR-I, DHFR, LdMetAP1, MAPK, 14 α-demethylase and pteridine reductase-I, etc. Also, these tend to induce the production of ROS which causes damage to parasites. In the present compilation, authors have summarized various significant synthetic procedures for anti-leishmanial agents reported in recent years. A brief description of the pharmacological potentials of synthesized compounds along with important aspects related to structural activity relationship has been provided. Important docking outcomes highlighting the possible mode of interaction for the reported compounds have also been included. This review would be helpful to the scientific community to design newer strategies and also to develop novel therapeutic candidates against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ojasvi Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Tathagata Pradhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Gaba S, Saini A, Singh G, Monga V. An insight into the medicinal attributes of berberine derivatives: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 38:116143. [PMID: 33848698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, traditional natural products have been the center of attention for the scientific community and exploration of their therapeutic abilities is proceeding perpetually. Berberine, with remarkable therapeutic diversity, is a plant derived isoquinoline alkaloid which is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Berberine has been tackled as a fascinating pharmacophore to make great contributions to the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents against variegated diseases. Despite its tremendous therapeutic potential, clinical utility of this alkaloid was significantly compromised due to undesirable pharmacokinetic properties. To overcome this limitation, several structural modifications were performed on this scaffold to improve its therapeutic efficacy. The collective efforts of the community have achieved the tremendous advancements, bringing berberine to clinical use and discovering new therapeutic opportunities by structural modifications on the berberine scaffold. In this review, recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of berberine and its derivatives in the last few years (2016-2020) have been compiled to represent inclusive data associated with various biological activities of this alkaloid. The comprehensive structure-activity relationship studies along with molecular modelling and mechanistic studies have also been summarized. This article would be highly helpful for the scientific community to get better insight into medicinal research of berberine and become a compelling guide for the rational design of berberine based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhi Gaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India.
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Dubin J, Rainer Q, Balaji N, Shoag J, Greer A, Paz L, Kava B, Troesch V, Monga V, Clifford L, Terry W, Alperstein W, Pearlman A, Ramasamy R. 019 Sexual Health Among Adolescent Young Adult Males with Cancer: An Update. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kumar S, Rulhania S, Jaswal S, Monga V. Recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112923. [PMID: 33121862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) is an enzyme and a very omnipresent zinc metalloenzyme which catalyzed the reversible hydration and dehydration of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate; a reaction which plays a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes. Carbonic anhydrase is present in human (h) with sixteen different isoforms ranging from hCA I-hCA XV. All these isoforms are widely distributed in different tissues/organs and are associated with a range of pivotal physiological activities. Due to their involvement in various physiological roles, inhibitors of different human isoforms of carbonic anhydrase have found clinical applications for the treatment of various diseases including glaucoma, retinopathy, hemolytic anemia, epilepsy, obesity, and cancer. However, clinically used inhibitors of CA (acetazolamide, brinzolamide, dorzolamide, etc.) are not selective causing the undesirable side effects. One of the major hurdles in the design and development of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is the lack of balanced isoform selectivity which thrived to new chemotypes. In this review, we have compiled the recent strategies of various researchers related to the development of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors belonging to different structural classes like pyrimidine, pyrazoline, selenourea, isatin, indole, etc. This review also summarizes the structure-activity relationships, analysis of isoform selectivity including mechanistic and in silico studies to afford ideas and to provide focused direction for the design and development of novel isoform-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Rulhania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy GT Road Moga 142001 Punjab India
| | - Varsha Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy GT Road Moga 142001 Punjab India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy GT Road Moga 142001 Punjab India
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Jaswal S, Nehra B, Kumar S, Monga V. Recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104266. [PMID: 33142421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Replication proteins are sought as a potential targets for antimicrobial agents. Despite their promising target characteristics, only topoisomerase II inhibitors targeting DNA gyrase and/or topoisomerase IV have reached clinical use. Topoisomerases are the enzymes that are essential for cellular functions and various biological activities. A wide range of natural and synthetic compounds have been identified as potential topoisomerase inhibitors but the resistance is most commonly found in these drugs. The emergence of FQ resistance has increased the need for the development of novel topoisomerase inhibitors with efficacy and high potency against FQ-resistant strains. Besides structural modifications of existing FQ scaffolds, novel non-quinolone topoisomerase II inhibitors, known as novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors, have been developed which showed remarkable inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV or both with an improved spectrum of antibacterial potency including drug-resistant strains. This review aims to summarize various recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of topoisomerase inhibitors with the following objectives: (1) To represent inclusive data on types of topoisomerases and various marketed topoisomerase inhibitors as drugs; (2) To discuss the recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of various topoisomerase inhibitors (DNA gyrase and topo IV) belonging to different structural classes as potential antibacterial agents; (3) To summarizes the structure activity relationship (SAR) including in silico and mechanistic studies to afford ideas and to provide focused direction for the development of new chemical entities which are effective against drug-resistant bacterial pathogens and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupender Nehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India.
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Sharma S, Kumar D, Singh G, Monga V, Kumar B. Recent advancements in the development of heterocyclic anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nehra B, Rulhania S, Jaswal S, Kumar B, Singh G, Monga V. Recent advancements in the development of bioactive pyrazoline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 205:112666. [PMID: 32795767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazolines remain privileged heterocycles in drug discovery. 2-Pyrazoline scaffold has been proven as a ubiquitous motif which is present in a number of pharmacologically important drug molecules such as antipyrine, ramifenazone, ibipinabant, axitinib etc. They have been widely explored by the scientific community and are reported to possess wide spectrum of biological activities. For combating unprecedented diseases and worldwide increasing drug resistance, 2-pyrazoline has been tackled as a fascinating pharmacophore to generate new molecules with improved potency and lesser toxicity along with desired pharmacokinetic profile. This review aims to summarizes various recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of pyrazoline based compounds with the following objectives: (1) To represent inclusive data on pyrazoline based marketed drugs as well as therapeutic candidates undergoing preclinical and clinical developments; (2) To discuss recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of pyrazoline derivatives with their numerous biological significances for the eradication of various diseases; (3) Summarizes structure-activity relationships (SAR) including in silico and mechanistic studies to afford ideas for the design and development of novel compounds with desired therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Nehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Rulhania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Kumar D, Sharma S, Kalra S, Singh G, Monga V, Kumar B. Medicinal Perspective of Indole Derivatives: Recent Developments and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:864-891. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200310115327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds play a significant role in various biological processes of the human
body and many of them are in clinical use due to their diverse, chemical and biological properties.
Among these, indole is one of the most promising pharmacologically active molecules. Due to its
chemical reactivity, indole has been willingly modified to obtain a variety of new lead molecules,
which has been successfully utilized to obtained novel drug candidates for the treatment of different
pharmacological diseases. Indole-based compounds such as vincristine (anticancer), reserpine (antihypertensive),
amedalin (antidepressant) and many more describe the medicinal and pharmacological
importance of the indole in uplifting human life. In this review, we compiled various reports on indole
derivatives and their biological significance, including antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiplatelet, anti-
Alzheimer’s, anti-Parkinson’s, antioxidant and anticancer potential from 2015 onwards. In addition,
structure-activity relationship studies of the different derivatives have been included. We have also
discussed novel synthetic strategies developed during this period for the synthesis of different indole
derivatives. We believe that this review article will provide comprehensive knowledge about the medicinal
importance of indoles and will help in the design and synthesis of novel indole-based molecules
with high potency and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Sourav Kalra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryISF College of Pharmacy Moga Punjab India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryISF College of Pharmacy Moga Punjab India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryISF College of Pharmacy Moga Punjab India
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Verma R, Bhatia R, Singh G, Kumar B, Mehan S, Monga V. Design, synthesis and neuropharmacological evaluation of new 2,4-disubstituted-1,5-benzodiazepines as CNS active agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:104010. [PMID: 32615464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZDs) represent a class of privilege scaffold in the modern era of medicinal chemistry as CNS active agents and BZD based drugs are used to treat different psychotic disorders. Inspired from the therapeutic potential of BZDs as promising CNS active agents, in the present work three different series of 1,5-benzodiazepines bearing various substitutions at position 2 and 4 of the benzodiazepine core were synthesized by condensing different substituted chalcones with o-phenylenediamine in the presence of piperidine as a base catalyst. Structural characterization of title compounds was done by using various analytical techniques such as IR, NMR, elemental analysis and mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds (9a-d, 10a-e and 11a-c) were subjected to in vivo neuropharmacological studies to evaluate their CNS depressant and antiepileptic activity. Results of in vivo evaluation data showed that analogue 11b exhibited potent CNS depressant activity which was comparable to the standard drug diazepam. Compounds 10b and 10c displayed significant antiepileptic activity however they were less potent than the standard drug phenobarbitone. Molecular docking studies were performed using MOE software to find the interaction pattern and binding mode at the GABAA receptor (PDB Id: 6HUP). The results of the docking studies were in good agreement with the observed in vivo activity and revealed the satisfactory binding mode of the compounds within the binding site of the protein. The docking scores for the most promising candidates 10c, 11b and Diazepam were found to be -9.18, -9.46 and -9.88, respectively. Further, the compounds showed compliance with the Lipinski's 'rule of five' and exhibited favourable drug-likeness scores. The identified leads can be explored further for the design and development of new BZD based psychotropic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, Rajendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India; Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, GT Road, Moga 142001, Punjab, India.
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Arora N, Dhiman P, Kumar S, Singh G, Monga V. Recent advances in synthesis and medicinal chemistry of benzodiazepines. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103668. [PMID: 32106040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZDs) represent a diverse class of bicyclic heterocyclic molecules. In the last few years, benzodiazepines have emerged as potential therapeutic agents. As a result, several mild, efficient and high yielding protocols have been developed that offer access to various functionalized benzodiazepines (BZDs). They are known to possess a wide array of biological activities such as anxiolytic, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antipsychotics, muscle relaxant, anti-tuberculosis, and antimicrobial activities. The fascinating spectrum of biological activities exhibited by BZDs in various fields has prompted the medicinal chemist to design and discover novel benzodiazepine-based analogs as potential therapeutic candidates with the desired biological profile. In this review, an attempt has been made by to summarize (1) Recent advances in the synthetic chemistry of benzodiazepines which enable their synthesis with desired substitution pattern; (2) Medicinal chemistry of BZDs as therapeutic candidates with promising biological profile including insight of mechanistic studies; (3) The correlation of biological data with the structure i.e. structure-activity relationship studies were also included to provide an insight into the rational design of more active agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Prashant Dhiman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India.
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Bansal G, Singh S, Monga V, Thanikachalam PV, Chawla P. Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiazolidine-2,4-dione-pyrazole conjugates as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Nayak SK, Khatik GL, Narang R, Monga V, Chopra HK. p53-Mdm2 Interaction Inhibitors as Novel Nongenotoxic Anticancer Agents. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 18:749-772. [PMID: 28669344 DOI: 10.2174/1568009617666170623111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a major global health problem with high mortality rate. Most of the clinically used anticancer agents induce apoptosis through genotoxic stress at various stages of cell cycle and activation of p53. Acting as a tumor suppressor, p53 plays a vital role in preventing tumor development. Tumor suppressor function of p53 is effectively antagonized by its direct interaction with murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) proteins via multiple mechanisms. Thus, p53-Mdm2 interaction has been found to be an important target for the development of novel anticancer agents. Currently, nutlin, spirooxindole, isoquilinone and piperidinone analogues inhibiting p53-Mdm2 interaction are found to be promising in the treatment of cancer. OBJECTIVE The current review focused to scrutinize the structural aspects of p53-Mdm2 interaction inhibitors. METHODS The present study provides a detailed collection of published information on different classes of inhibitors of p53-Mdm2 interaction as potential anticancer agents. The review highlighted the structural aspects of various reported p53-Mdm2 inhibitors for optimization. RESULTS In the last few years, different classes of inhibitors of p53-Mdm2 have been designed and developed, and seven such compounds are being evaluated in clinical trials as new anticancer drugs. Further, to explore the role of p53 protein as a potential target for anticancer drug development, in this review, the mechanism of Mdm2 mediated inactivation of p53 and recent developments on p53- Mdm2 interactions inhibitors are discussed. CONCLUSION Agents designed to block the p53-Mdm2 interaction may have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of a subset of human cancers retaining wild-type p53. We review herein the recent advances in the design and development of potent small molecules as p53-Mdm2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Kumar Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar- Delhi, G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India
| | - Gopal L Khatik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar- Delhi, G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India
| | - Rakesh Narang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar- Delhi, G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajendra Institute of Technology & Sciences, Sirsa, Haryana-125055, India
| | - Harish Kumar Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology (Deemed University), Longowal, Sangrur-148106, India
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Chauhan D, George G, Sridhar SNC, Bhatia R, Paul AT, Monga V. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling studies of rhodanine derivatives as pancreatic lipase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1900029. [PMID: 31407389 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of rhodanine-3-acetic acid derivatives were synthesized via Knoevenagel condensation of rhodanine-3-acetic acid with various substituted aromatic aldehydes. The synthesized derivatives were screened in vitro for understanding the inhibitory potential towards pancreatic lipase (PL), a key enzyme responsible for the digestion of dietary fats. Derivative 8f exhibited a potential inhibitory activity towards PL (IC50 = 5.16 µM), comparable to that of the standard drug, orlistat (0.99 µM). An increase in the density of the aromatic ring resulted in potential PL inhibition. The enzyme kinetics of 8f exhibited a reversible competitive-type inhibition, similar to that of orlistat. Derivative 8f exhibited a MolDock score of -125.19 kcal/mol in docking studies, and the results were in accordance with their PL inhibitory potential. Furthermore, the reactive carbonyl group of 8f existed at a distance adjacent to Ser152 (≈3 Å) similar to that of orlistat. Molecular dynamics simulation (10 ns) of the 8f-PL complex revealed a stable binding conformation of 8f in the active site of PL (maximum root mean square displacement of ≈2.25 Å). The present study identified novel rhodanine-3-acetic acid derivatives with promising PL inhibitory potential, and further lead optimization might result in potent PL inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ginson George
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (Pilani campus), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - S N C Sridhar
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (Pilani campus), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Atish T Paul
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (Pilani campus), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
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Mehan S, Monga V, Rani M, Dudi R, Ghimire K. Neuroprotective effect of solanesol against 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington's disease-like behavioral, biochemical, and cellular alterations: Restoration of coenzyme-Q10-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Indian J Pharmacol 2019; 50:309-319. [PMID: 30783323 PMCID: PMC6364342 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_11_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the solanesol (SNL)-mediated coenzyme-Q10 restoration to ameliorate 3-nitropropionic (3-NP)-induced behavioral, biochemical, and histological changes which resemble Huntington's disease (HD)-like symptoms in men. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various behavioral and biochemical parameters were carried out to evaluate the activity of SNL on 3-NP-treated rats. To determine the therapeutic significance of SNL on HD, different behavioral tests such as memory task, locomotor activity, grip strength, and beam cross and some biochemical test along with histopathological findings were done. RESULTS Chronic 3-NP, 10 mg/kg i.p., caused physical and mental abnormalities in animals, including memory impairment, weak grip strength, abnormal posture, and cognitive deficit. Biochemical analysis of brain homogenate in 3-NP-treated rats showed altered mitochondrial complexes, oxidative stress, and elevated lipid biomarkers. Neurohistological alterations of hippocampus, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex of 3-NP-treated rats exhibit severe neuronal space, irregular damaged cells, and dense pyknotic nuclei-associated marked focal diffused gliosis. SNL administered for 15 days significantly improved motor performance and cognitive behavior task and restored the histopathological changes. Further, SNL treatment significantly improved mitochondrial complexes such as coenzyme-Q10 enzyme activity and attenuated inflammatory and oxidative damage of rat brain. CONCLUSION In the present research work, SNL (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg p.o.) provided notable neuroprotective effect, which was confirmed by behavioral paradigms and biochemical test. It restored the behavioral and biochemical alteration caused by 3-NP and confirmed the strong neuroprotective mechanism of SNL in 3-NP-intoxicated memory and cognitive abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Rani
- Department of Pharmacology, Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Dudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Ghimire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PDM University, Bahadurgarh, Haryana, India
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S.N.C. S, Bhurta D, Kantiwal D, George G, Monga V, Paul AT. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling studies of novel diaryl substituted pyrazolyl thiazolidinediones as potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3749-3754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xu L, Monga V, Thomas A, Leone JP. Abstract P3-17-10: The impact of the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p3-17-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered to be a precancerous lesion that shares many genetic similarities with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). However, it remains unclear how DCIS might develop into IDC and whether the coexistence of DCIS has any clinical significance.There is limited data on whether coexisting DCIS in patients with IDC (IDC-DCIS) has any impact on patients' clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, prognosis and treatment selection. We aim to investigate differences in patients with pure IDC versus patients with IDC-DCIS.
Methods: We reviewed clinicopathologic data from the Breast Molecular Epidemiological Resource (BMER) database, which is a prospectively maintained breast cancer database from the University of Iowa. Missing information was supplemented by Iowa Cancer Registry database. Patients with a diagnosis of pure IDC and IDC-DCIS from 2009 to 2014 who underwent surgical resection of their breast cancer were included. We excluded patients with stage IV disease at diagnosis and those who underwent neoadjuvant therapy. Patients who had more than one tumor were only analyzed once using parameters of the largest tumor. Patient and tumor characteristics and treatment selection were compared between the IDC and IDC-DCIS groups. Student's t test was used for continuous variables and chi squared test for categorical variables.
Results: We observed that women with IDC-DCIS (n=226) had higher incidence of Her-2 positive cancers than those with pure IDC (n=95) (p=0.04). The IDC-DCIS group was more likely to be ER + and PR +, though these differences were not statistically significant. Another distinguishing characteristic between the two groups was that the IDC group contained more current smokers than the IDC-DCIS group (18.9% vs 10.6%, p<0.01). Patients with IDC-DCIS were more likely, than patients with pure IDC, to be under-staged based on clinical information. Clinical stage distribution in IDC-DCIS group was: 4% stage 0, 61.9% stage I, 28.3% stage II and 5.8% stage III. In contrast, the percentages of pathologic stage I, II and III were 54.5%, 35.4% and 10.2%, respectively (p=0.002). Similar analysis for patients with pure IDC showed no significant overall change from clinical to pathologic stage. Patients with IDC-DCIS tended to have higher total mastectomy rates than patients with IDC (37.2% vs 31.6%, p=0.34). Management of patients in either group were not significantly different in terms of radiation, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy. There were 4 deaths (4.2%) in the IDC group and 12 deaths (5.3%) in the IDC-DCIS group (p=0.68).
Conclusions: Our study showed that active smoking may be a risk factor for the development of IDC without pre-existing DCIS. Patients with IDC-DCIS had higher rates of Her-2 positivity and significant differences between clinical and pathologic stages. Management and survival of both groups were similar.
Citation Format: Xu L, Monga V, Thomas A, Leone JP. The impact of the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-17-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xu
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa city, IA
| | - V Monga
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa city, IA
| | - A Thomas
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa city, IA
| | - JP Leone
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa city, IA
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Malhotra M, Monga V, Sharma R, Sahu K, Sharma G, Jain J, Deep A. Synthesis, Characterization of (Z)-N-(1-(2-(2-amino-3-(dimethylamino) methyl)phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4, oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl)ethanone Analogs as Potent Antimicrobial and Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Agents. Med Chem 2013; 9:710-7. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406411309050011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yadav N, Malhotra M, Monga V, Sharma S, Jain J, Samad A, Deep A. Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of new GABA analogs as potent anticonvulsant agents. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Malhotra M, Sharma R, Monga V, Deep A, Sahu K, Samad A. Synthesis, Characterization of (E)-N'-(substituted-benzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide Derivatives as Potent Antitubercular Agents. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2011. [DOI: 10.2174/157018011795906866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Monga V, Meena CL, Rajput S, Pawar C, Sharma SS, Lu X, Gershengorn MC, Jain R. Synthesis, receptor binding, and CNS pharmacological studies of new thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogues. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:531-43. [PMID: 21302359 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
As part of our search for selective and CNS-active thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogues, we synthesized a set of 44 new analogues in which His and pGlu residues were modified or replaced. The analogues were evaluated as agonists at TRH-R1 and TRH-R2 in cells in vitro, and in vivo in mice for analeptic and anticonvulsant activities. Several analogues bound to TRH-R1 and TRH-R2 with good to moderate affinities, and are full agonists at both receptor subtypes. Specifically, analogue 21 a (R=CH3) exhibited binding affinities (Ki values) of 0.17 μM for TRH-R1 and 0.016 μM for TRH-R2; it is 10-fold less potent than TRH in binding to TRH-R1 and equipotent with TRH in binding to TRH-R2. Compound 21 a, the most selective agonist, activated TRH-R2 with a potency (EC50 value) of 0.0021 μM, but activated TRH-R1 at EC50=0.05 μM, and exhibited 24-fold selectivity for TRH-R2 over TRH-R1. The newly synthesized TRH analogues were also evaluated in vivo to assess their potencies in antagonism of barbiturate-induced sleeping time, and several analogues displayed potent analeptic activity. Specifically, analogues 21 a,b and 22 a,b decreased sleeping time by nearly 50% more than TRH. These analogues also displayed potent anticonvulsant activity and provided significant protection against PTZ-induced seizures, but failed to provide any protection in MES-induced seizures at 10 μmol kg(-1). The results of this study provide evidence that TRH analogues that show selectivity for TRH-R2 over TRH-R1 possess potent CNS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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Bahekar A, Grewal PD, Monga V, Bhuriya R, Molnar J, Khosla P. Evaluating the use of cardiac biomarkers for early detection of chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity: A pilot study in a minority population. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e20546 Background: Doxorubicin and trastuzumab are associated with characteristic Type I and Type II cardiomyopathy. As breast cancer survival improves and concern about long-term cardiotoxicity grows, we will need appropriate markers to detect cardiotoxicity before measurable myocardial systolic dysfuntion. Recent data and several guidelines suggest that Troponin-I and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) may serve as cardiac biomarkers for early detection of cardiotoxicity. This study seeks to evaluate feasibility and utility of these markers in an outpatient oncology clinic setting. Methods: As a quality care initiative in a high risk minority patient population for cardiac disease, 55 consecutive patients who received doxorubicin and/or trastuzumab for the treatment of breast cancer had serum Troponin-I and BNP measured prior to each dose of doxorubicin, and every three months on trastuzumab. All patients also had normal baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (≥ 50%) measured by MUGA scan. IRB approval was obtained and medical records were reviewed independently by two authors. Results: Of the 55 patients, two did not have adequate data; 58% of patients received dose dense doxorubicin; 15% of patients received trastuzumab. Significantly more number of patients had troponin-I rise as compared to BNP. Total 7 (13%) patients had abnormal LVEF by MUGA scan following chemotherapy. Five (71%) of these patients had rise in Troponin-I/BNP. Negative predictive value of biomarkers was 91%, with sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 44%. Conclusions: Use of standard cardiac biomarkers to detect early cardiotoxicity is feasible with a high negative predictive value for Troponin I and BNP in the first 90 days following chemotherapy with doxorubicin and/or trastuzumab. Patients with normal markers may not need intense cardiac monitoring. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bahekar
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
| | - P. D. Grewal
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
| | - V. Monga
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
| | - R. Bhuriya
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
| | - J. Molnar
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
| | - P. Khosla
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL
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Abstract
e13019 Background: Adults with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated with radiation and chemotherapy have median survival of less than 12 months from diagnosis. Topotecan is a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor with activity in brain tumors and very little nonhematologic toxicity. Continuous infusion has been shown to have decreased hematologic toxicity. Thalidomide has antiangiogenic and immnunomodulatory effects. The combination would offer a multitargeted approach with no overlapping toxicity. Methods: Single-center prospective phase II study of 10 patients (median age 50, range 38–70) with high-grade recurrent glioma treated at Rush University Medical Center between 2002 and 2006 following IRB approval. All patients had failed at least one standard therapy and received a combination of the two drugs: topotecan by continuous infusion for 21 days, every 28 days at 0.4 mg/m2/day through a permanent in-dwelling catheter and thalidomide with starting oral dose of 100 mg/day, escalated by 100 mg/day per week to maximum of 400 mg/day by day 28. Dose reductions were made for grade 3 and 4 hematologic or nonhematologic toxicities. All patients received coumadin 1 mg/day DVT/PE prophylaxis. Assessment of response was done every 8 weeks by MRI and MRS. Results: Median number of cycles of study drugs = 3; median time to progression = 4 months; median survival = 12 months; DVT/PE = 40% of patients with low-dose coumadin prophylaxis. Conclusions: The combination of topotecan and thalidomide is feasible and shows moderate activity. The study is limited by small size and thromboembolic complications likely related to thalidomide in 40% of patients. Low-dose coumadin prophylaxis was not adequate in preventing thrombosis. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Khosla
- Mt Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - V. Monga
- Mt Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - A. Taaca
- Mt Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL; Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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42
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43
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Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a hypothalamic orally active neuropeptide, has been manifested in a wide range of biological responses. Besides its central role in regulating the pituitary-thyroid axis by simulating the release of thyrotropin, TRH has considerable influence on the activity of a number of neurobiological systems. Due to the therapeutic potential of TRH to treat several CNS maladies, the development of CNS-selective and metabolically stable TRH analogs is an area of interest. TRH is known to elicit its biological response through two G-protein coupled receptors for TRH (namely, TRH-R1 and TRH-R2). The distinct distribution of TRH receptors in tissues has provided opportunity to discover receptor subtype-specific analogs, which would demonstrate high CNS activities, and are completely free of hormonal activities. In this review, an in-depth analysis of the chemistry and biology of TRH and its analogs is provided. Recent discoveries of TRH-R2 selective analogs, TRH super agonists, metabolically stable TRH analogs, and targeted delivery of TRH analogs have been also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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44
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Rajput SK, Krishnamoorthy S, Pawar C, Kaur N, Monga V, Meena CL, Jain R, Sharma SS. Antiepileptic potential and behavioral profile of L-pGlu-(2-propyl)-L-His-L-ProNH2, a newer thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog. Epilepsy Behav 2009; 14:48-53. [PMID: 18952198 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its analogs have a number of neurobiological functions and therapeutic uses in disorders of the central nervous system. In this study, the newly synthesized TRH analogs were evaluated for central nervous system activity in pentobarbital-induced sleeping in mice. The most potent TRH analog (L-pGlu-(2-propyl)-L-His-L-ProNH(2) coded as NP-647) was evaluated for its antiepileptic potential in various seizure models in mice in comparison with TRH. Intravenous pretreatment with NP-647 (10 and 20 micromol/kg body wt) significantly delayed the onset and reduced the frequency of convulsions in the pentylenetetrazole model, but not in the maximum electroshock seizure model. Also, it was found to be protective against picrotoxin- and kainic acid-induced seizures. However, NP-647 did not significantly affect theophylline-induced seizures. Further study of the effect of NP-647 on locomotor activity and a functional observational battery revealed that it did not significantly exhibit any undesirable effects as compared with vehicle and TRH. NP-647 did not significantly affect cerebral blood flow, whereas the native peptide TRH markedly increased cerebral blood flow. Furthermore, NP-647 exerted antiepileptic activity without significantly altering plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and mean arterial blood pressure. This suggests that NP-647 is more selective for central nervous system activity and devoid of hormonal and cerebrovascular system effects. In contrast, TRH exhibited cardiac and endocrine effects as marked by significant elevation in mean arterial blood pressure and plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. This study demonstrates that NP-647 has potential antiepileptic activity devoid of undesirable effects and, thus, can be exploited for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyendra Kumar Rajput
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India
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45
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Monga V, Meena CL, Kaur N, Kumar S, Pawar C, Sharma SS, Jain R. Facile synthesis ofN-α-boc-1,2-dialkyl-l-histidines: Utility in the synthesis of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) analogs and evaluation of the cns activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Kadam RU, Chavan AG, Monga V, Kaur N, Jain R, Roy N. Selectivity-based QSAR approach for screening and evaluation of TRH analogs for TRH-R1 and TRH-R2 receptors subtypes. J Mol Graph Model 2008; 27:309-20. [PMID: 18595758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Design and development of therapeutically useful CNS selective thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogs acting on TRH-R2 receptor subtype, exerting weak or no TRH-R1-mediated TSH-releasing side effects has gained imagination of researchers in the recent past. The present study reports the development and implementation of a selectivity-based QSAR approach for screening selective agonists of TRH-R2 receptor subtype. The statistically significant predictive models were thoroughly validated using an external validation set whose activity was previously unknown. The model was able to predict preference for either of the receptor subtypes successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameshwar U Kadam
- Centre of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
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47
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Nayyar A, Monga V, Malde A, Coutinho E, Jain R. Synthesis, anti-tuberculosis activity, and 3D-QSAR study of 4-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-substituted quinolines. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:626-40. [PMID: 17107805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structural optimization of the previously identified 4-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-quinolinecarbohydrazide (AQCH, MIC=6.25 microg/mL, 99% inhibition, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv) has led to two series of 4-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-substituted quinolines (Series 1-2). All new derivatives were evaluated in vitro for antimycobacterial activities against drug-sensitive M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Several 4-adamantan-1-yl-quinoline-2-carboxylic acid N'-alkylhydrazides (Series 1) described herein showed promising inhibitory activity. In particular, analogs 7, 9, 20, and 21 displayed MIC of 3.125 microg/mL. Further investigation of AQCH by its reaction with various aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic aldehydes led to the synthesis of 4-adamantan-1-yl-quinoline-2-carboxylic acid alkylidene hydrazides (Series 2). Analogs 42-44 and 48 have produced promising antimycobacterial activities (99% inhibition) at 3.125 microg/mL against drug-sensitive M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain. The most potent analog 35 of the series produced 99% inhibition at 1.00 microg/mL against drug-sensitive strain, and MIC of 3.125 microg/mL against isoniazid-resistant TB strain. To understand the relationship between structure and activity, a 3D-QSAR analysis has been carried out by three methods-comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), CoMFA with inclusion of a hydropathy field (HINT), and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA). Several statistically significant CoMFA, CoMFA with HINT, and CoMSIA models were generated. Prediction of the activity of a test set of molecules was the best for the CoMFA model generated with database alignment. Based on the CoMFA contours, we have tried to explain the structure-activity relationships of the compounds reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nayyar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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48
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Kaur N, Monga V, Lu X, Gershengorn MC, Jain R. Modifications of the pyroglutamic acid and histidine residues in thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) yield analogs with selectivity for TRH receptor type 2 over type 1. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:433-43. [PMID: 17035026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Revised: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogs in which the N-1(tau) or the C-2 position of the imidazole ring of the histidine residue is substituted with various alkyl groups and the l-pyroglutamic acid (pGlu) is replaced with the l-pyro-2-aminoadipic acid (pAad) or (R)- and (S)-3-oxocyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid (Ocp) were synthesized and studied as agonists for TRH receptor subtype 1 (TRH-R1) and subtype 2 (TRH-R2). We observed that several analogs were selective agonists of TRH-R2 showing relatively less or no activation of TRH-R1. For example, the most selective agonist of the series 13, in which pGlu is replaced with the pAad and histidine residue is substituted at the N-1 position with an isopropyl group, was found to activate TRH-R2 with a potency (EC(50)=1.9microM) but did not activate TRH-R1 (potency>100 microM); that is, exhibited >51-fold greater selectivity for TRH-R2 versus TRH-R1. Analog 8, in which pGlu is replaced with pAad and histidine is substituted at the N-1(tau) position with a methyl group, exhibited a binding affinity (K(i)=0.0032 microM) to TRH-R1 that is similar to that of [Ntau(1)-Me-His]-TRH and displayed potent activation of TRH-R1 and TRH-R2 (EC(50)=0.0049 and 0.0024 microM, respectively). None of the analogs in which pGlu is replaced with the bioisosteric (R)- and (S)-(Ocp) and the imidazole ring is substituted at the N-1(tau) or C-2 position were found to bind or activate either TRH-R1 or TRH-R2 at the highest test dose of 100 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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49
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Kaur N, Monga V, Josan JS, Lu X, Gershengorn MC, Jain R. Synthesis, receptor binding, and activation studies of N(1)-alkyl-l-histidine containing thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:5981-8. [PMID: 16735122 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2006] [Revised: 05/11/2006] [Accepted: 05/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogues in which the N(1)-position of the imidazole ring of the centrally placed histidine residue is substituted with various alkyl groups were synthesized and studied as agonists for TRH receptor subtype 1 (TRH-R1) and subtype 2 (TRH-R2). Analogue 3 (R=C2H5) exhibited binding affinity (Ki) of 0.012 microM to TRH-R1 that is about 1.1-fold higher than that of TRH. Several analogues were found to selectively activate TRH-R2 with greater potency than TRH-R1. The most selective agonist of the series 5 [R=CH(CH3)2] was found to activate TRH-R2 with a potency (EC50) of 0.018 microM but could only activate TRH-R1 at EC50 value of 1.6 microM; that is, exhibited 88-fold greater potency for TRH-R2 versus TRH-R1. The results of this study indicate that modulation of central histidine residue is important for designing analogues which were selective agonist at TRH receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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50
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Engel S, Neumann S, Kaur N, Monga V, Jain R, Northup J, Gershengorn MC. Low affinity analogs of thyrotropin-releasing hormone are super-agonists. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:13103-13109. [PMID: 16551618 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m600440200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that several analogs of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) are more efficacious agonists at TRH receptors R1 and R2 than TRH itself. The apparent efficacies of the analogs were inversely related to their potencies and were independent of the nature of the modifications in TRH structure. In studies in intact cells, we showed that the differences in apparent efficacies were not due to differences in G-protein coupling, receptor desensitization, or recycling. Moreover, the differences in efficacies persisted in experiments using accessory protein-free membranes. We conclude that the efficacy differences of TRH analogs originated from the enhanced ability of TRH-R complexed to the low affinity agonists to directly activate G-protein(s), and not by a modulation of the activity of accessory proteins, and propose possible mechanisms for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Engel
- Clinical Endocrinology Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Clinical Endocrinology Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul Jain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160 062, Punjab, India
| | - John Northup
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, NIDCD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Marvin C Gershengorn
- Clinical Endocrinology Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
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