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Bononi G, Flori L, Citi V, Acciai C, Nocilla V, Martelli A, Poli G, Tuccinardi T, Granchi C, Testai L, Calderone V, Minutolo F. New Synthetic Analogues of Natural Polyphenols as Sirtuin 1-Activating Compounds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030339. [PMID: 35337137 PMCID: PMC8949162 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 regulates many different biological processes, thus being involved in pathogenic conditions such as metabolic diseases, neurogenerative disorders and cancer. Notably, experimental evidence underlined that the activation of SIRT1 had promising cardioprotective effects. Consequently, many efforts have been so far devoted to finding new SIRT1 activators, both derived from natural sources or prepared by synthetic procedures. Herein, we discovered new SIRT1-activating derivatives, characterized by phenolic rings spaced by sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen-based central linkers. The newly synthesized derivatives were analyzed in enzymatic assays to determine their ability to activate SIRT1, as compared with that of resveratrol. Among the tested molecules, bisarylaniline compound 10 proved to be the most efficient SIRT1 activator. An evaluation of the effects caused by focused structural variations revealed that its para-hydroxy-substituted diphenyl moiety of 10 was the fundamental structural requirement for achieving good SIRT1 activation. Compound 10 was further investigated in ex vivo studies in isolated and perfused rat hearts submitted to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), where it showed significant protection of the myocardium against I/R injury. Molecular modeling studies suggest the binding mode of 10 within SIRT1 in the presence of the p53-AMC peptide. Our findings reveal that this chemical scaffold may be used as the starting point to develop a new class of more potent SIRT1 activators as cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bononi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Cecilia Acciai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Viviana Nocilla
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Filippo Minutolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (L.F.); (V.C.); (C.A.); (V.N.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (T.T.); (V.C.); (F.M.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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