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Barman B, Roy A, Nune A, Lyngdoh WV, Jamil M, Tiewsoh I. Epidemiology, clinical, and laboratory profile of patients with hepatitis C: A prospective, observational study from north-eastern India. Trop Doct 2022; 52:484-488. [PMID: 35833220 DOI: 10.1177/00494755221110636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low and middle-income countries (LMICs) contribute to 80% of the global hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection burden. Intravenous drug use (IVDU) is not uncommon in Northeastern India, thus contributing to HCV. Its epidemiology, clinical, and laboratory profile were studied in a tertiary care centre in northeastern India.HCV patients (age >18) of either sex were prospectively assessed for demographic, virological, and genotype distributions. Most were male (M: F, 5.8:1) with a mean age of 37.1 ± 11.8 years. The most common risk factor was IVDU(77.69%), followed by concomitant alcohol use in 69.2%. Besides genotype 3 (59.2%), genotype 1 (26.1%) and genotype 6 were also common (14.6%). The demographics, liver disease severity, and biochemical parameters were similar across genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupen Barman
- Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, 56918North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of health and Medical sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Akash Roy
- Assistant Professor, Department of Hepatology (HPB and Liver Transplant Unit), 29751Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow
| | - Arvind Nune
- Consultant Rheumatologist and General Physician, 7435Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Southport, UK
| | - W Valarie Lyngdoh
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, 56918North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of health and Medical sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Md Jamil
- Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, 56918North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of health and Medical sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Iadarilang Tiewsoh
- Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, 56918North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of health and Medical sciences, Shillong, India
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Barman B, Bora K, Lynrah KG, Lyngdoh WV, Jamil M. Hepatitis C virus and its genotypes in chronic liver disease patients from Meghalaya, Northeast India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2019; 36:376-380. [PMID: 30429390 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_17_371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important cause of chronic liver disease (CLD). Although Northeast India is believed to be a HCV hotspot, the proportion of HCV infection and the distribution of HCV genotypes in CLD cases from the region are not known. The objectives of the study were to determine the proportion of HCV infection in newly diagnosed CLD patients from Meghalaya, Northeast India, and further investigate the HCV genotype distribution in those patients. Materials and Methods The aetiology of CLD was evaluated in 196 newly diagnosed patients, recruited consecutively over a period of 1 year in a medical college hospital from Meghalaya. Those positive for HCV infection were genotyped, and the mode of transmission of the virus was investigated. Results A considerable proportion (43 patients, 21.9%) of CLD patients were positive for HCV (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.7%-28.2%). Other leading causes of CLD were alcohol (36.32%) and hepatitis B virus infection (39.3%). Genotype 3 was the most prevalent (48.7%, 95% CI: 33.9%-63.8%), followed by genotype 6 (30.8%, 95% CI: 18.6%-46.6%) and genotype 1 (20.5%, 95% CI: 10.8%-35.5%). The frequency of genotype 6 was remarkably higher than in the other regions of India. Injecting drug use appeared to be the most common mode (28 patients) of acquiring HCV. This was true irrespective of the genotype. Conclusions The presence of HCV in newly diagnosed CLD cases from Meghalaya was considerable. The genotype distribution of HCV was distinct from the other regions of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupen Barman
- Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Kaustubh Bora
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, Assam; Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Kryshanlang G Lynrah
- Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - W Valarie Lyngdoh
- Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Mohammad Jamil
- Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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Barman B, Beyong T, Bora K, Nongpiur A, Lynrah KG, Mishra J, Phukan P, Lyngdoh WV. Primary duodenal tuberculosis masquerading as chronic liver disease : an unusual presentation. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2018; 81:105-106. [PMID: 29562386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Barman
- Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - T Beyong
- Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - K Bora
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, North East Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
- Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - A Nongpiur
- Department of Psychiatry, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - K G Lynrah
- Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - J Mishra
- Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - P Phukan
- Department of Radiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - W V Lyngdoh
- Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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Banik A, Durairaj E, Lyngdoh WV, Khyriem AB, Sabhapandit D. Clinico-aetiologic profile of Onychomycoses in a tertiary care centre in northeast India. Trop Doct 2017; 48:136-142. [PMID: 29078738 DOI: 10.1177/0049475517735979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Onychomycosis refers to fungal nail infection. Despite a clearly diseased appearance, it is often deemed a merely cosmetic problem of relatively minor importance. However, it may result in much psychological or occupational turmoil, diminished self-esteem and resulting reluctance for public interaction. A wide number of factors determine the treatment outcome and its prevalence varies greatly. Our study was conducted between January 2011 and December 2014 in northeast India. Of 243 patients presenting with nail abnormalities, 158 (65%) were positively diagnosed by either direct microscopy or culture or both. A distal lateral subungual infection was the most predominant clinical pattern observed, and the most frequent aetiological agents were dermatophytes, of which Trichophyton rubrum was predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Banik
- 1 Assistant Professor (Microbiology), 471318 ANIIMS , Port Blair. (Ex Senior Resident, NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, India
| | | | - W V Lyngdoh
- 3 Associate Professor (Microbiology), 56918 NEIGRIHMS , Shillong, India
| | - Annie B Khyriem
- 4 Associate Professor (Microbiology), 56918 NEIGRIHMS , Shillong, India
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Baruah M, Lyngdoh C, Lyngdoh WV, Talukdar R. Noncatheter-related bacteraemia due to Chryseobacterium indologenes in an immunocompetent patient. Indian J Med Microbiol 2017; 34:380-1. [PMID: 27514966 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.188359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chryseobacterium indologenes belongs to a group of nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli and is an uncommon human pathogen. It causes severe infections such as septicaemia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in immunocompromised patients or after prolonged hospitalisation. We report a case of a noncatheter-related bacteraemia in a 22-year-old immunocompetent female whose blood culture showed the growth of C. indologenes, identified by Vitek GNI system (bioMerieux, France). The patient responded to treatment with ciprofloxacin. The pathogenicity and virulence factors of C. indologenes remain unclear. This case indicates that C. indologenes might cause symptomatic disease in immunocompetent persons with otherwise no associated underlying risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baruah
- Department of Microbiology, NEIGRIHMS, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - C Lyngdoh
- Department of Microbiology, NEIGRIHMS, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - W V Lyngdoh
- Department of Microbiology, NEIGRIHMS, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - R Talukdar
- Department of Microbiology, NEIGRIHMS, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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Abstract
Subcutaneous Human Dirofilariasis is an uncommon zoonotic infection caused by Dirofilariarepens. The reports of this infection in humans in India are limited, although increasingly being reported worldwide. We report a case of Dirofilariasis with subcutaneous presentation from the state of Meghalaya and to emphasize the importance of considering this entity in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with subcutaneous nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Khyriem
- Department of Microbiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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Khurana S, Biswal M, Bhatti HS, Pandav SS, Gupta A, Chatterjee SS, Lyngdoh WV, Malla N. Ophthalmomyiasis: Three cases from north India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2010; 28:257-61. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.66490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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