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Srimarut Y, Phanphuet A, Trithavisup T, Rattanawongsa W, Saenmuangchin R, Klamchuen A, Malila Y. Estimating In Vitro Protein Digestion and Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score of Chicken Breasts Affected by White Striping and Wooden Breast Abnormalities. Foods 2024; 13:159. [PMID: 38201187 PMCID: PMC10778619 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
An understanding regarding impacts of growth-related myopathies, i.e., white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB), on the quality of dietary protein from cooked chicken breast is still limited. This study aimed at comparing protein content and in vitro protein digestion and estimating the in vitro protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) of cooked chicken meat exhibiting different abnormality levels (i.e., normal, WS, and WS + WB). The results show that the WS + WB samples exhibited lower protein content, greater cooking loss, and greater lipid oxidation than those of normal samples (p < 0.05). No differences in protein carbonyls or the myofibril fragmentation index were found (p ≥ 0.05). Cooked samples were hydrolyzed in vitro using digestive enzyme mixtures that subsequently mimicked the enzymatic reactions in oral, gastric, and intestinal routes. The WS + WB samples exhibited greater values of free NH2 and degree of hydrolysis than the others at all digestion phases (p < 0.05), suggesting a greater proteolytic susceptibility. The in vitro PDCAAS of the WS + WB samples was greater than that of the other samples for pre-school children, school children, and adults (p < 0.05). Overall, the findings suggest that the cooked chicken breast with the WS + WB condition might provide greater protein digestibility and availability than WS and normal chicken breasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanee Srimarut
- Food Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Apinya Phanphuet
- Food Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Thanatorn Trithavisup
- Food Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Wachiraya Rattanawongsa
- Nanocharacterization Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (W.R.); (R.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Rattaporn Saenmuangchin
- Nanocharacterization Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (W.R.); (R.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Annop Klamchuen
- Nanocharacterization Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (W.R.); (R.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Yuwares Malila
- Food Biotechnology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (T.T.)
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Ahmad M, Manjantrarat T, Rattanawongsa W, Muensri P, Saenmuangchin R, Klamchuen A, Aueviriyavit S, Sukrak K, Kangwansupamonkon W, Panyametheekul S. Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk Assessment of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in Urban Sites of Bangkok, Thailand. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14281. [PMID: 36361157 PMCID: PMC9656051 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Of late, air pollution in Asia has increased, particularly in built-up areas due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. The present study sets out to examine the impact that pollution can have on the health of people living in the inner city of Bangkok, Thailand. Consequently, in 2021, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and coarse particulate matter (PM10) chemical composition and sources are evaluated at three locations in Bangkok. To identify the possible sources of such particulates, therefore, the principal component analysis (PCA) technique is duly carried out. As determined via PCA, the major sources of air pollution in Bangkok are local emission sources and sea salt. The most significant local sources of PM2.5 and PM10 in Bangkok include primary combustion, such as vehicle emissions, coal combustion, biomass burning, secondary aerosol formation, industrial emissions, and dust sources. Except for the hazard quotient (HQ) of Ni and Mn of PM2.5 for adults, the HQ values of As, Cd, Cr, Mn, and Ni of both PM2.5 and PM10 were below the safe level (HQ = 1) for adults and children. This indicates that exposure to these metals would have non-carcinogenic health effects. Except for the carcinogenic risk (HI) value of Cr of PM2.5 and PM10, which can cause cancer in adults, at Bangna and Din Daeng, the HI values of Cd, Ni, As, and Pb of PM2.5 and PM10 are below the limit set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). Ni and Mn pose non-carcinogenic risks, whereas Cr poses carcinogenic risks to adults via inhalation, a serious threat to the residents of Bangkok.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Thanaphum Manjantrarat
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wachiraya Rattanawongsa
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Phitchaya Muensri
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Rattaporn Saenmuangchin
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Annop Klamchuen
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Aueviriyavit
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sukrak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wiyong Kangwansupamonkon
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- AFRS(T) The Royal Society of Thailand, Sanam Sueapa, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Sirima Panyametheekul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Thailand Network Center on Air Quality Management: TAQM, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Research Unit: HAUS IAQ, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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