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Guo S, Mihalyi-Koch W, Mao Y, Li X, Bu K, Hong H, Hautzinger MP, Luo H, Wang D, Gu J, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Hu Q, Ding Y, Yang W, Fu Y, Jin S, Lü X. Exciton engineering of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites by synergistically tuning the intra and interlayer structures. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3001. [PMID: 38589388 PMCID: PMC11001939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Designing two-dimensional halide perovskites for high-performance optoelectronic applications requires deep understanding of the structure-property relationship that governs their excitonic behaviors. However, a design framework that considers both intra and interlayer structures modified by the A-site and spacer cations, respectively, has not been developed. Here, we use pressure to synergistically tune the intra and interlayer structures and uncover the structural modulations that result in improved optoelectronic performance. Under applied pressure, (BA)2(GA)Pb2I7 exhibits a 72-fold boost of photoluminescence and 10-fold increase of photoconductivity. Based on the observed structural change, we introduce a structural descriptor χ that describes both the intra and interlayer characteristics and establish a general quantitative relationship between χ and photoluminescence quantum yield: smaller χ correlates with minimized trapped excitons and more efficient emission from free excitons. Building on this principle, we design a perovskite (CMA)2(FA)Pb2I7 that exhibits a small χ and an impressive photoluminescence quantum yield of 59.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhao Guo
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Willa Mihalyi-Koch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuhong Mao
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kejun Bu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Huilong Hong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hui Luo
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Jiazhen Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Dongzhou Zhang
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics & Planetology, University of Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Qingyang Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China
| | - Yongping Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Xujie Lü
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, China.
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Mihalyi-Koch W, Folpini G, Roy CR, Kaiser W, Wu CS, Sanders KM, Guzei IA, Wright JC, De Angelis F, Cortecchia D, Petrozza A, Jin S. Tuning Structure and Excitonic Properties of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Germanium, Tin, and Lead Iodide Perovskites via Interplay between Cations. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28111-28123. [PMID: 38091498 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The compositional tunability of 2D metal halide perovskites enables exploration of diverse semiconducting materials with different structural features. However, rationally tuning the 2D perovskite structures to target physical properties for specific applications remains challenging, especially for lead-free perovskites. Here, we study the effect of the interplay of the B-site (Ge, Sn, and Pb), A-site (cesium, methylammonium, and formamidinium), and spacer cations on the structure and optical properties of a new series of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites using the previously unreported spacer cation 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzylammonium (4Br2FBZ). We report eight new crystal structures and study the consequence of varying the B-site (Pb, Sn, Ge) and dimension (n = 1, 2, vs 3D). Dimension strongly influences local distortion and structural symmetry, and the increased octahedral tilting and lone pair effects in Ge perovskites lead to a polar n = 2 perovskite that exhibits second harmonic generation, (4Br2FBZ)2(Cs)Ge2I7. In contrast, the analogous Sn and Pb perovskites remain centrosymmetric, but the B-site metal influences the photoluminescence properties. The Pb perovskites exhibit broad, defect-mediated emission at low temperature, whereas the Sn perovskites show purely excitonic emission over the entire temperature range, but the carrier recombination dynamics depend on dimensionality and dark excitonic states. Wholistic understanding of these differences that arise based on cations and dimensionality can guide the rational materials design of 2D perovskites for targeting physical properties for optoelectronic applications based on the interplay of cations and the connectivity of the inorganic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willa Mihalyi-Koch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Giulia Folpini
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiana di Tecnologia, 20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Chris R Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Waldemar Kaiser
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Chun-Sheng Wu
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiana di Tecnologia, 20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Kyana M Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John C Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and UdR INSTM, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department of Natural Sciences & Mathematics, College of Sciences & Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Dhahran 34754, Saudi Arabia
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST) Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, 440-746
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiana di Tecnologia, 20134 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiana di Tecnologia, 20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Ratté J, Macintosh MF, DiLoreto L, Liu J, Mihalyi-Koch W, Hautzinger MP, Guzei IA, Dong Z, Jin S, Song Y. Spacer-Dependent and Pressure-Tuned Structures and Optoelectronic Properties of 2D Hybrid Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:403-412. [PMID: 36622300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Compared with their 3D counterparts, 2D hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites (HOIPs) exhibit enhanced chemical stabilities and superior optoelectronic properties, which can be further tuned by the application of external pressure. Here, we report the first high-pressure study on CMA2PbI4 (CMA = cylcohexanemethylammonium), a 2D HOIP with a soft organic spacer cation containing a flexible cyclohexyl ring, using UV-visible absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and vibrational spectroscopy, and synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction, all aided with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Substantial anisotropic compression behavior is observed, as characterized by unprecedented negative linear compressibility along the b axis. Moreover, the pressure dependence of optoelectronic properties is found to be in strong contrast with those of 2D HOIPs with rigid spacer cations. DFT calculations help to understand the compression mechanisms that lead to pressure-induced bandgap narrowing. These findings highlight the important role of soft spacer cations in the pressure-tuned optoelectronic properties and provide guidance to the design of new 2D HOIPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Ratté
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | | | - Lauren DiLoreto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jingyan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Willa Mihalyi-Koch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew P Hautzinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Zhaohui Dong
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS, Shanghai, 201204, PR China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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