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Watremez W, Jackson J, Almari B, McLean SL, Grayson B, Neill JC, Fischer N, Allouche A, Koziel V, Pillot T, Harte MK. Stabilized Low-n Amyloid-β Oligomers Induce Robust Novel Object Recognition Deficits Associated with Inflammatory, Synaptic, and GABAergic Dysfunction in the Rat. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:213-226. [PMID: 29439327 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With current treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) only providing temporary symptomatic benefits, disease modifying drugs are urgently required. This approach relies on improved understanding of the early pathophysiology of AD. A new hypothesis has emerged, in which early memory loss is considered a synapse failure caused by soluble amyloid-β oligomers (Aβo). These small soluble Aβo, which precede the formation of larger fibrillar assemblies, may be the main cause of early AD pathologies. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of acute administration of stabilized low-n amyloid-β1-42 oligomers (Aβo1-42) on cognitive, inflammatory, synaptic, and neuronal markers in the rat. METHODS Female and male Lister Hooded rats received acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of either vehicle or 5 nmol of Aβo1-42 (10μL). Cognition was assessed in the novel object recognition (NOR) paradigm at different time points. Levels of inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), synaptic (PSD-95, SNAP-25), and neuronal (n-acetylaspartate, parvalbumin-positive cells) markers were investigated in different brain regions (prefrontal and frontal cortex, striatum, dorsal and ventral hippocampus). RESULTS Acute ICV administration of Aβo1-42 induced robust and enduring NOR deficits. These deficits were reversed by acute administration of donepezil and rolipram but not risperidone. Postmortem analysis revealed an increase in inflammatory markers, a decrease in synaptic markers and parvalbumin containing interneurons in the frontal cortex, with no evidence of widespread neuronal loss. CONCLUSION Taken together the results suggest that acute administration of soluble low-n Aβo may be a useful model to study the early mechanisms involved in AD and provide us with a platform for testing novel therapeutic approaches that target the early underlying synaptic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Watremez
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joshua Jackson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bushra Almari
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Samantha L McLean
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Ben Grayson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanna C Neill
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicolas Fischer
- SynAging, Institut Polytechnique National de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ahmad Allouche
- SynAging, Institut Polytechnique National de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Violette Koziel
- SynAging, Institut Polytechnique National de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Thierry Pillot
- SynAging, Institut Polytechnique National de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Michael K Harte
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Daniels MJD, Rivers-Auty J, Schilling T, Spencer NG, Watremez W, Fasolino V, Booth SJ, White CS, Baldwin AG, Freeman S, Wong R, Latta C, Yu S, Jackson J, Fischer N, Koziel V, Pillot T, Bagnall J, Allan SM, Paszek P, Galea J, Harte MK, Eder C, Lawrence CB, Brough D. Fenamate NSAIDs inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and protect against Alzheimer's disease in rodent models. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12504. [PMID: 27509875 PMCID: PMC4987536 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 enzymes. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex responsible for the processing of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β and is implicated in many inflammatory diseases. Here we show that several clinically approved and widely used NSAIDs of the fenamate class are effective and selective inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome via inhibition of the volume-regulated anion channel in macrophages, independently of COX enzymes. Flufenamic acid and mefenamic acid are efficacious in NLRP3-dependent rodent models of inflammation in air pouch and peritoneum. We also show therapeutic effects of fenamates using a model of amyloid beta induced memory loss and a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. These data suggest that fenamate NSAIDs could be repurposed as NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors and Alzheimer's disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D Daniels
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jack Rivers-Auty
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tom Schilling
- St. George's University of London, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Nicholas G Spencer
- St. George's University of London, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - William Watremez
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Victoria Fasolino
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Sophie J Booth
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claire S White
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alex G Baldwin
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Sally Freeman
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Raymond Wong
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Clare Latta
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Shi Yu
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joshua Jackson
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | | | | | | | - James Bagnall
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Stuart M Allan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Pawel Paszek
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - James Galea
- Division of Neuroscience, Ninewells Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Michael K Harte
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claudia Eder
- St. George's University of London, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Catherine B Lawrence
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - David Brough
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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