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Ge XS, Sun QJ, Xu XF, Liu S, Huang Y, Gao PY, Liu ZN, Peng XJ, Liu Y, Peng XY, Wu CD. [Clinical analysis and laboratory diagnosis of three cases with infantile botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type B]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:499-502. [PMID: 32521963 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20191101-00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics and laboratory diagnostic methods of infant botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type B. Methods: Clinical data of 3 infants with type B botulism who were admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from May to November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Botulinum toxin was detected in fecal samples or fecal enrichment solution of the patients, and Clostridium botulinum was cultured and isolated from fecal samples. Results: The age of onset of the patients (two boys and one girl) was 3, 3 and 8 months old, respectively. Two cases had the onset in May and one case had the onset in November. There were two cases with mixed feeding and one case with breast feeding. One case's family members engaged in meat processing. All of them were previously healthy. All the children presented with acute flaccid paralysis, cranial nerve involvement and difficult defecation. Two cases had secondary urinary tract infection. Electromyograms of two cases showed that action potential amplitude of the motor nerve were lower than those of their peers. After treatments including intravenous human immunoglobulin, respiratory tract management, urethral catheterization, nasal feeding, etc., three cases recovered completely 2 to 4 months later. Type B botulinum toxin was detected in the fecal diluent of one patient, and the TPGYT enrichment solution and cooked meet medium of the feces of 3 patients, respectively. Clostridium botulinum B was identified from the feces of 3 infants after culture, isolation and purification. Conclusions: Combined with typical clinical manifestations including acute flaccid paralysis, cranial nerve involvement symptoms and difficult defecation examination, infant botulism can be clinically diagnosed. The detection of fecal botulinum toxin and the culture and isolation of Clostridium botulinum are helpful for the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Ge
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Q J Sun
- Department of Food Science, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - X F Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - S Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - P Y Gao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Z N Liu
- Inspection and Quarantine Technical Training Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - X J Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Food Science, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - X Y Peng
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - C D Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Peng XY, Qu YJ, Song F, Sun XF, Ge XS, Jiao H. [Clinical manifestations and genetics analysis of collagen type Ⅵ-related myopathy caused by variants in COL6A3 gene]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:136-141. [PMID: 30695889 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical manifestations and determine the molecular etiology for two collagen type Ⅵ-related myopathy pedigrees. Methods: Two spontaneous collagen type Ⅵ-related myopathy patients were admitted to Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics in October 2017. Clinical data of probands and their family members were collected and their genomic DNA was obtained for genetic testing. Next generation sequencing was performed and the variants were verified by the Sanger sequencing in the family members. Results: Target region sequencing indicated that the proband of family 1 has carried a heterozygous variant of COL6A3 gene, c.6229G>C(p.Gly2077Arg), and it was de novo variant confirmed by Sanger-sequencing in the family.The patient 1, a 2-year-three-month old boy, was admitted due to motor retardation at birth. He was defined as early severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. He never achieved independent ambulation, he had onset of symptoms was found at birth, including diffuse muscle weakness, striking distal joint hyperlaxity, proximal contractures, calcaneal protrusion, kyphosis, and hip dislocation. Serum CK level was elevated slightly and EMG showed neurogenic changes. The patient 2, a 7-year-old girl with a limp for 4 years, carried one de novo variant of COL6A3 gene,c.5169_5177del (p.Glu1724_Leu1726del). This variant results in the deletion of amino acids (1724 to 1726) in α3 chain of collagen Ⅵ, which may disturb the function of this protein.She was diagnosed as Bethlem myopathy with a mild phenotype. She had delayed motor milestones and presented with walking on tiptoe, hypotonia, and ithylordosis. The contracture of proximal joints was not very obvious. Serum CK level was normal and EMG showed myogenic changes.Muscle biopsy revealed muscular dystrophy and muscle magnetic resonance imaging of patient 2 showed vastus lateral is a "sandwich" sign. Immunofluorescence staining for COL6A3 chain in the cultured skin fibroblasts from patients 2 showed decreased deposition compared with control. Conclusions: These two patients were diagnosed as spontaneous collagen type Ⅵ-related myopathy and carried different variants of COL6A3 gene. Different in pathogenetic variants could cause different genetic features and different phenotypes. Collagen type Ⅵ- related myopathy patients have various clinical manifestations. Typical phenotypes include muscular dystrophies, proximal contractures, and distal hyperlaxity. Muscle MRI shows diffuse fatty infiltration of gluteus maximus and thigh muscle. The histological staining showed the low level expression of COL6A3 chain. The seventy of phenotype was related to the genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Peng
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y J Qu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - F Song
- Department of Medical Genetics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - X F Sun
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - X S Ge
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - H Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
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Abstract
The basic principle of the thermal conductivity probe is described. Thin probes were developed based on this principle, with a reproducibility of 5.3% and relative error less than 6.0%. Each measurement can be completed in 90 s and the temperature increase can be controlled within 2 degrees C. Using the probes, the thermal conductivities of pig fat, meat, liver, kidney and live and dead snake head were measured and it was found that water content plays an important role in influencing the magnitude of the thermal conductivity of biological tissues. The probe can be used over a temperature range from -40 to 150 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- X G Liang
- Department of Engineering Thermophysics, University of Science and Technology, China, Hefei, Anhui
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