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Nguyen VT, Cho KH, Mai NTA, Park JY, Trinh TBN, Jang MK, Nguyen TTH, Vu XD, Nguyen TL, Nguyen VD, Ambagala A, Kim YJ, Le VP. Multiple variants of African swine fever virus circulating in Vietnam. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1137-1140. [PMID: 35190886 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious and deadly viral disease affecting swine of all ages. ASF was first reported in Vietnam in February 2019, and it is now considered endemic in Vietnam. In this study, 122 ASF-positive samples collected from domestic pigs in 28 different provinces of northern, central, and southern Vietnam during outbreaks in 2019-2021 were genetically characterized. The findings confirmed that all ASF virus (ASFV) strains circulating in Vietnam belonged to p72 genotype II, p54 genotype II, CD2v serogroup 8, and CVR gene variant type I. However, further analysis based on the tandem repeat sequences located between I73R and I329L genes revealed that there were three different variants of ASFV, IGR I, II, and III, circulating in the domestic pig population in Vietnam. The IGR II variants were the most prevalent (117/122 strains) and were detected in pigs in all of the provinces tested, followed by IGR III (4/122 strains) and IGR I (1/122 strains). This study confirms for the first time the presence of IGR III variants in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Tam Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jee-Yong Park
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Min-Kyung Jang
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Bac Giang Agriculture and Forestry University, Bac Giang, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Dang Vu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Diep Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Aruna Ambagala
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Yong-Joo Kim
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea.
| | - Van Phan Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Trinh TBN, Truong T, Nguyen VT, Vu XD, Dao LA, Nguyen TL, Ambagala A, Babiuk S, Oh J, Song D, Le VP. Development of a novel real-time PCR assay targeting p54 gene for rapid detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) strains circulating in Vietnam. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:2268-2272. [PMID: 34388311 PMCID: PMC8604108 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) continues to cause outbreaks throughout regions of Africa, Europe and Asia. The disease can cause severe morbidity and mortality resulting in serious economic losses. Since there is no vaccine available to control ASF, early detection is critical to contain and control the disease. The aim of this study was to develop a novel real‐time PCR assay based on highly conserved ASFV gene E183L (p54). The limit of detection of the assay, VNUA‐p54 real‐time PCR, was 2.63 copies/reaction and 2 Log10 HAD50/ml. The VNUA‐p54 real‐time PCR was able to detect fifteen different ASFV reference strains representing p72 genotypes I, II and V. The assay was specific and did not amplify other swine viruses including CSFV, FMDV, PRRSV and PEDV. The diagnostic sensitivity of the real‐time PCR assay was evaluated using 200 field clinical specimens collected from swine farms located in different provinces in Vietnam. The VNUA‐p54 real‐time PCR assay is an additional tool for ASF diagnostics and can be used in combination with other p72 based ASFV real‐time PCR assays as a rapid confirmatory assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thang Truong
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Van Tam Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Dang Vu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Anh Dao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Aruna Ambagala
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shawn Babiuk
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jinsik Oh
- Median Diagnostics, Chuncheon-si, South Korea
| | - Daesub Song
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Van Phan Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Mai NTA, Vu XD, Nguyen TTH, Nguyen VT, Trinh TBN, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Cho KH, Nguyen TL, Bui TTN, Jeong DG, Yoon SW, Truong T, Ambagala A, Song D, Le VP. Molecular profile of African swine fever virus (ASFV) circulating in Vietnam during 2019-2020 outbreaks. Arch Virol 2021; 166:885-890. [PMID: 33454861 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious disease of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). In order to identify potential genetic variations among ASFV strains circulating in Vietnam, 26 ASFV isolates from organs and blood samples collected from domestic pigs from 23 different provinces of northern, central and southern Vietnam during 2019-2020 ASF outbreaks were genetically characterized. Nucleotide sequences were determined for a portion of the B646L (p72) gene, the complete E183L (p54) gene, the variable region of EP402R (CD2v), the central variable region (CVR) of pB602L, and a tandem repeat sequence (TRS) between the I73R and I329L genes. Analysis of the partial B646L (p72) and EP402R (CD2v) gene sequences and the full-length E183L (p54) gene sequence showed that all 26 ASFV isolates belonged to genotype II and serotype VIII and that they were identical to the strain Georgia/2007/1 and all ASFV strains sequenced in China. The TRS between the I73R and I329L genes contained a 10-nucleotide insertion that was observed in the Chinese ASFV strain CN201801 isolated from domestic pigs in 2018, but not in the Georgia/2007/1 and China/Jilin/2018/boar strains isolated from wild boar in China. This is the first intra-epidemic genome analysis reported for the ASFV strains circulating in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Dang Vu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Tam Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yong Joo Kim
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Thi Lan Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi To Nga Bui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dae Gwin Jeong
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Yoon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Thang Truong
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Aruna Ambagala
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Daesub Song
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Van Phan Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Tran DH, Tran HT, Le UP, Vu XD, Trinh TBN, Do HDK, Than VT, Bui LM, Vu VV, Nguyen TL, Phung HTT, Le VP. Direct colorimetric LAMP assay for rapid detection of African swine fever virus: A validation study during an outbreak in Vietnam. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:2595-2602. [PMID: 33064865 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious viral disease with high mortality. The most recent ASF outbreak in Vietnam began in 2019, posing a threat to spread to the neighbouring Asian countries. Without a commercial vaccine or efficient chemotherapeutics, rapid diagnosis and necessary biosecurity procedures are required to control the disease. While the diagnostic method of ASF recommended by the World Organization of Animal Health is real-time PCR, the ideal diagnosis procedure including master mix setup, template extraction and a high-cost qPCR equipment for many samples being tested simultaneously is not portable. In this study, a colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was modified and evaluated for ASF virus detection using crude serum samples collected from domestic pigs in Vietnam during the 2019 outbreak. The LAMP results can be readily visualized to the naked eye within 30 min without the requirement of DNA extraction and sophisticated equipment. The sensitivity, specificity and limit of detection of direct colorimetric LAMP assay were comparable to a commercial diagnostic real-time PCR kit. Results strongly indicate that the adapted colorimetric LAMP assay has a remarkable potential for the in-field diagnosis of ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diem Hong Tran
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hau Thi Tran
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Uyen Phuong Le
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Dang Vu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Do
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Thai Than
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,A&A Green Phoenix Group, Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Minh Bui
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Van Vu
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Thu Phung
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Phan Le
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
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