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CHIKUFENJI B, CHATANGA E, GALON EM, MOHANTA UK, MDZUKULU G, MA Y, NKHATA M, UMEMIYA-SHIRAFUJI R, XUAN X. First report of dog ticks and tick-borne pathogens they are carrying in Malawi. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:150-159. [PMID: 38171881 PMCID: PMC10898992 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ticks are vectors for transmitting tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in animals and humans. Therefore, tick identification is necessary to understand the distribution of tick species and the pathogens they carry. Unfortunately, data on dog ticks and the TBPs they harbor in Malawi are incomplete. This study aimed to identify dog ticks and the TBPs they transmit in Malawi. One hundred thirty-two ticks were collected from 87 apparently healthy but infested domestic dogs in four districts of Malawi, which were pooled into 128 tick samples. The ticks were morphologically identified under a stereomicroscope using identification keys, and species identification was authenticated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) through the amplification and sequencing of 12S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) genes. The tick species identified were Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (58.3%), Haemaphysalis elliptica (32.6%), and Hyalomma truncatum (9.1%). Screening for TBPs using species-specific PCR assays revealed that 48.4% of the ticks were infected with at least one TBP. The TBP detection rates were 13.3% for Anaplasma platys, 10.2% for Babesia rossi, 8.6% for B. vogeli, 6.3% for Ehrlichia canis, 3.9% for A. phagocytophilum, 3.1% for B. gibsoni, 2.3% for B. canis and 0.8% for Hepatozoon canis. Co-infections of up to three pathogens were observed in 48.4% of the positive samples. This is the first study to identify dog ticks and the TBPs they harbor in Malawi. These findings provide the basis for understanding dog tick distribution and pathogens they carry in Malawi. This study necessitates the examination of ticks from more study locations to have a better picture of tick challenge, and the development of ticks and tick-borne disease control methods in Malawi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface CHIKUFENJI
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
- Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Development,
Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Vets of Purpose Organization, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Elisha CHATANGA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Eloiza May GALON
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences,
Cavite State University, Cavite, Philippines
| | - Uday Kumar MOHANTA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gift MDZUKULU
- Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Development,
Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Yihong MA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Rika UMEMIYA-SHIRAFUJI
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Xuenan XUAN
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
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MACALANDA AMC, GALON EMS, MORILLO VA, WANLOP A, ONA KAL, XUAN X, INOUE N, KAWAZU SI, SUGANUMA K. Molecular detection and internal transcribed spacer-1 sequence diversity of Trypanosoma evansi in goats from Cavite, Philippines. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:35-38. [PMID: 38008465 PMCID: PMC10849846 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Goat production is an important source of livelihood and food. Goats may serve as reservoir of surra affecting livestock production. Here, forty-two free-roaming goats from Cavite, Philippines were screened using two primer sets, Trypanosoma brucei minisatellite chromosome for initial detection and the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) to determine phylogeny. Initial PCR detection showed that 19/42 (45%) goats were positive, much higher than the rate previously reported in goats from Cebu (34%). The infectivity rate was higher in male (56%) than in female (42%) and the rate was higher in young ≤1 year old (100%) than in adult >1 year old (43%). Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS-1 sequences between T. evansi goat samples and other isolates indicate potential interspecies transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Miki C MACALANDA
- Department of Immunopathology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Cavite, Philippines
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Eloiza May S GALON
- Department of Immunopathology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cavite State University, Cavite, Philippines
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Vernadyn A MORILLO
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nueva Vizcaya State University, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines
| | - Atcharaphan WANLOP
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kevin Austin L ONA
- College of Medicine, The University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Xuenan XUAN
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Noboru INOUE
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro KAWAZU
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keisuke SUGANUMA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
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GAO Y, GUO H, MOUMOUNI PFA, LIU M, LI J, EFSTRATIOU A, GALON EM, YBANEZ RH, MASATANI T, SOMA T, XUAN X. Development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on recombinant TgSRS2 for serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1662-1665. [PMID: 33071252 PMCID: PMC7719894 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on recombinant SAG1-related sequence 2 of Toxoplasma gondii (rTgSRS2) was developed to detect toxoplasmosis in cats. The specificity and sensitivity of rTgSRS2 ELISA were confirmed using a series of serum samples from T. gondii-experimentally infected mice. A total of 76 field samples from cats were examined by the developed ELISA. The rTgSRS2 ELISA showed a good diagnostic performance characterized by high concordance (88.16) and kappa value (0.76) with latex agglutination test (LAT). The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 92.68% and 82.86%, respectively. These results suggest that the ELISA based on rTgSRS2 could be a useful tool for serodiagnosis of T. gondii infection in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang GAO
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Huanping GUO
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Paul Franck Adjou MOUMOUNI
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Mingming LIU
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Jixu LI
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Artemis EFSTRATIOU
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Eloiza May GALON
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Rochelle Haidee YBANEZ
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsunori MASATANI
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto,
Kogoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takehisa SOMA
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Marupi Lifetech Co., Ltd., Fushio-cho, Ikeda, Osaka 563-0011, Japan
| | - Xuenan XUAN
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido
080-8555, Japan
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MUSINGUZI SP, SUGANUMA K, ASADA M, LAOHASINNARONG D, SIVAKUMAR T, YOKOYAMA N, NAMANGALA B, SUGIMOTO C, SUZUKI Y, XUAN X, INOUE N. A PCR-based survey of animal African trypanosomosis and selected piroplasm parasites of cattle and goats in Zambia. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 78:1819-1824. [PMID: 27616437 PMCID: PMC5240760 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We screened cattle and goats from the districts of Chama, Monze and Mumbwa in Zambia for animal African trypanosomes, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva using PCRs; 38.1% of the samples tested positive for at least one of the parasite species. The most common parasite was Trypanosoma vivax (19.8%). Its incidence was significantly higher in goats than in cattle, (P<0.05). B. bigemina was found in samples from all the three areas, making it the most widespread of the parasites in Zambia. Among the tested samples, 12.0% of the positive samples were mixed infections. There were significant differences in the infection rates of T. vivax (Mumbwa had a significantly higher infection rate [39.6%, P<0.0001]), Th. parva (Monze had the only cases [P<0.0004]) and B. bigemina (Monze had a significantly higher infection rate [40.5%, P<0.0001]). According to the hematocrit values, the packed cell volume (%) among the cattle with mixed infections was significantly lower than that of the other cattle. The presence of multiple parasite species and mixed infections among the Zambian cattle and goat populations is of both clinical and economic importance to livestock farming. The absence of trypanosomosis among the samples from Monze can be attributed to tsetse eradication efforts that took place around Lake Kariba. This shows that the prevention and control of these parasitic diseases can have a significant impact on the disease status, which can translate directly into the improvement of the livestock sector in Zambia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Peter MUSINGUZI
- OIE Reference Laboratory on Surra, National Research Center
for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Keisuke SUGANUMA
- OIE Reference Laboratory on Surra, National Research Center
for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Masahito ASADA
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine
(NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1–12–4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852–8523, Japan
| | - Dusit LAOHASINNARONG
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999
Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thillaiampalam SIVAKUMAR
- OIE Reference Laboratory on Surra, National Research Center
for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
- Veterinary Research Institute, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Naoaki YOKOYAMA
- OIE Reference Laboratory on Surra, National Research Center
for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Boniface NAMANGALA
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Chihiro SUGIMOTO
- Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University,
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060–0818, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko SUZUKI
- Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University,
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060–0818, Japan
| | - Xuenan XUAN
- OIE Reference Laboratory on Surra, National Research Center
for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
| | - Noboru INOUE
- OIE Reference Laboratory on Surra, National Research Center
for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080–8555, Japan
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NISHIKAWA Y, IBRAHIM HM, KAMEYAMA K, SHIGA I, HIASA J, XUAN X. Host Cholesterol Synthesis Contributes to Growth of Intracellular Toxoplasma gondii in Macrophages. J Vet Med Sci 2011; 73:633-9. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi NISHIKAWA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Hany M. IBRAHIM
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minufiya University
| | - Kyohko KAMEYAMA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Ikumi SHIGA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Jun HIASA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Xuenan XUAN
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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TERKAWI MALAA, ABOGE G, JIA H, GOO YK, OOKA H, YAMAGISHI J, NISHIKAWA Y, YOKOYAMA N, IGARASHI I, KAWAZU SI, FUJISAKI K, XUAN X. Molecular and immunological characterization ofBabesia gibsoniandBabesia microtiheat shock protein-70. Parasite Immunol 2009; 31:328-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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HOSONO H, ITO S, KONO H, XUAN X. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Cats and Pigs from Thua Thien Hue Province in Vietnam. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2743/jve.13.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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BANNAI H, NISHIKAWA Y, IBRAHIM HM, YAMADA K, KAWASE O, WATANABE JI, SUGIMOTO C, XUAN X. Overproduction of the Pro-Apoptotic Molecule, Programmed Cell Death 5, in Toxoplasma gondii Leads to Increased Apoptosis of Host Macrophages. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 71:1183-9. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi BANNAI
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Yoshifumi NISHIKAWA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Hany Mohamed IBRAHIM
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Kyoko YAMADA
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Osamu KAWASE
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | | | | | - Xuenan XUAN
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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KUBOTA N, SAKATA Y, MIYAZAKI N, ITAMOTO K, BANNAI H, NISHIKAWA Y, XUAN X, INOKUMA H. Serological Survey of Neospora caninum Infection among Dogs in Japan through Species-Specific ELISA. J Vet Med Sci 2008; 70:869-72. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.70.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki KUBOTA
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Hiroshi BANNAI
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - Xuenan XUAN
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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