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Rao J, Djeffal Y, Chal J, Marchianò F, Wang CH, Al Tanoury Z, Gapon S, Mayeuf-Louchart A, Glass I, Sefton EM, Habermann B, Kardon G, Watt FM, Tseng YH, Pourquié O. Reconstructing human brown fat developmental trajectory in vitro. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2359-2375.e8. [PMID: 37647896 PMCID: PMC10873093 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipocytes (BAs) represent a specialized cell type that is able to uncouple nutrient catabolism from ATP generation to dissipate energy as heat. In humans, the brown fat tissue is composed of discrete depots found throughout the neck and trunk region. BAs originate from a precursor common to skeletal muscle, but their developmental trajectory remains poorly understood. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the development of interscapular brown fat in mice. Our analysis identified a transient stage of BA differentiation characterized by the expression of the transcription factor GATA6. We show that recapitulating the sequence of signaling cues identified in mice can lead to efficient differentiation of BAs in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells. These precursors can in turn be efficiently converted into functional BAs that can respond to signals mimicking adrenergic stimuli by increasing their metabolism, resulting in heat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yannis Djeffal
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jerome Chal
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Fabio Marchianò
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, The Turing Center for Living Systems, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ziad Al Tanoury
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Svetlana Gapon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - Ian Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Sefton
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bianca Habermann
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, The Turing Center for Living Systems, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Gabrielle Kardon
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Fiona M Watt
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Miao Y, Djeffal Y, De Simone A, Zhu K, Lee JG, Lu Z, Silberfeld A, Rao J, Tarazona OA, Mongera A, Rigoni P, Diaz-Cuadros M, Song LMS, Di Talia S, Pourquié O. Reconstruction and deconstruction of human somitogenesis in vitro. Nature 2023; 614:500-508. [PMID: 36543321 PMCID: PMC10018515 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate body displays a segmental organization that is most conspicuous in the periodic organization of the vertebral column and peripheral nerves. This metameric organization is first implemented when somites, which contain the precursors of skeletal muscles and vertebrae, are rhythmically generated from the presomitic mesoderm. Somites then become subdivided into anterior and posterior compartments that are essential for vertebral formation and segmental patterning of the peripheral nervous system1-4. How this key somitic subdivision is established remains poorly understood. Here we introduce three-dimensional culture systems of human pluripotent stem cells called somitoids and segmentoids, which recapitulate the formation of somite-like structures with anteroposterior identity. We identify a key function of the segmentation clock in converting temporal rhythmicity into the spatial regularity of anterior and posterior somitic compartments. We show that an initial 'salt and pepper' expression of the segmentation gene MESP2 in the newly formed segment is transformed into compartments of anterior and posterior identity through an active cell-sorting mechanism. Our research demonstrates that the major patterning modules that are involved in somitogenesis, including the clock and wavefront, anteroposterior polarity patterning and somite epithelialization, can be dissociated and operate independently in our in vitro systems. Together, we define a framework for the symmetry-breaking process that initiates somite polarity patterning. Our work provides a platform for decoding general principles of somitogenesis and advancing knowledge of human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchuan Miao
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yannis Djeffal
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kongju Zhu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jong Gwan Lee
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziqi Lu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Silberfeld
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jyoti Rao
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar A Tarazona
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessandro Mongera
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pietro Rigoni
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margarete Diaz-Cuadros
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Min Sook Song
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefano Di Talia
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Guillot C, Djeffal Y, Michaut A, Rabe B, Pourquié O. Dynamics of primitive streak regression controls the fate of neuromesodermal progenitors in the chicken embryo. eLife 2021; 10:64819. [PMID: 34227938 PMCID: PMC8260230 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In classical descriptions of vertebrate development, the segregation of the three embryonic germ layers completes by the end of gastrulation. Body formation then proceeds in a head to tail fashion by progressive deposition of lineage-committed progenitors during regression of the primitive streak (PS) and tail bud (TB). The identification by retrospective clonal analysis of a population of neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs) contributing to both musculoskeletal precursors (paraxial mesoderm) and spinal cord during axis formation challenged these notions. However, classical fate mapping studies of the PS region in amniotes have so far failed to provide direct evidence for such bipotential cells at the single-cell level. Here, using lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing in the chicken embryo, we identify a resident cell population of the anterior PS epiblast, which contributes to neural and mesodermal lineages in trunk and tail. These cells initially behave as monopotent progenitors as classically described and only acquire a bipotential fate later, in more posterior regions. We show that NMPs exhibit a conserved transcriptomic signature during axis elongation but lose their epithelial characteristicsin the TB. Posterior to anterior gradients of convergence speed and ingression along the PS lead to asymmetric exhaustion of PS mesodermal precursor territories. Through limited ingression and increased proliferation, NMPs are maintained and amplified as a cell population which constitute the main progenitors in the TB. Together, our studies provide a novel understanding of the PS and TB contribution through the NMPs to the formation of the body of amniote embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Guillot
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Yannis Djeffal
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Arthur Michaut
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Brian Rabe
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
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