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Qiu C, Odarchenko Y, Meng Q, Dong H, Gonzalez IL, Panchal M, Olalde-Velasco P, Maccherozzi F, Zanetti-Domingues L, Martin-Fernandez ML, Beale AM. Compositional Evolution of Individual CoNPs on Co/TiO 2 during CO and Syngas Treatment Resolved through Soft XAS/X-PEEM. ACS Catal 2023; 13:15956-15966. [PMID: 38125980 PMCID: PMC10729030 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The nanoparticle (NP) redox state is an important parameter in the performance of cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts. Here, the compositional evolution of individual CoNPs (6-24 nm) in terms of the oxide vs metallic state was investigated in situ during CO/syngas treatment using spatially resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)/X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM). It was observed that in the presence of CO, smaller CoNPs (i.e., ≤12 nm in size) remained in the metallic state, whereas NPs ≥ 15 nm became partially oxidized, suggesting that the latter were more readily able to dissociate CO. In contrast, in the presence of syngas, the oxide content of NPs ≥ 15 nm reduced, while it increased in quantity in the smaller NPs; this reoxidation that occurs primarily at the surface proved to be temporary, reforming the reduced state during subsequent UHV annealing. O K-edge measurements revealed that a key parameter mitigating the redox behavior of the CoNPs were proximate oxygen vacancies (Ovac). These results demonstrate the differences in the reducibility and the reactivity of Co NP size on a Co/TiO2 catalyst and the effect Ovac have on these properties, therefore yielding a better understanding of the physicochemical properties of this popular choice of FTS catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Qiu
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Qingwei Meng
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 (China)
| | - Hongyang Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Ines Lezcano Gonzalez
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Monik Panchal
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew M. Beale
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Research
Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
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2
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Odarchenko Y, Kaźmierczak-Bałata A, Bodzenta J, Ferrari E, Soloviev M. AC/DC Thermal Nano-Analyzer Compatible with Bulk Liquid Measurements. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3799. [PMID: 36364575 PMCID: PMC9655476 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanocalorimetry, or thermal nano-analysis, is a powerful tool for fast thermal processing and thermodynamic analysis of materials at the nanoscale. Despite multiple reports of successful applications in the material sciences to study phase transitions in metals and polymers, thermodynamic analysis of biological systems in their natural microenvironment has not been achieved yet. Simply scaling down traditional calorimetric techniques, although beneficial for material sciences, is not always appropriate for biological objects, which cannot be removed out of their native biological environment or be miniaturized to suit instrument limitations. Thermal analysis at micro- or nano-scale immersed in bulk liquid media has not yet been possible. Here, we report an AC/DC modulated thermal nano-analyzer capable of detecting nanogram quantities of material in bulk liquids. The detection principle used in our custom-build instrument utilizes localized heat waves, which under certain conditions confine the measurement area to the surface layer of the sample in the close vicinity of the sensing element. To illustrate the sensitivity and quantitative capabilities of the instrument we used model materials with detectable phase transitions. Here, we report ca. 106 improvement in the thermal analysis sensitivity over a traditional DSC instrument. Interestingly, fundamental thermal properties of the material can be determined independently from heat flow in DC (direct current) mode, by using the AC (alternating current) component of the modulated heat in AC/DC mode. The thermal high-frequency AC modulation mode might be especially useful for investigating thermal transitions on the surface of material, because of the ability to control the depth of penetration of AC-modulated heat and hence the depth of thermal sensing. The high-frequency AC mode might potentially expand the range of applications to the surface analysis of bulk materials or liquid-solid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Anna Kaźmierczak-Bałata
- Institute of Physics, Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Bodzenta
- Institute of Physics, Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Enrico Ferrari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Mikhail Soloviev
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
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3
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Qiu C, Odarchenko Y, Meng Q, Xu S, Lezcano-Gonzalez I, Olalde-Velasco P, Maccherozzi F, Zanetti-Domingues L, Martin-Fernandez M, Beale AM. Resolving the Effect of Oxygen Vacancies on Co Nanostructures Using Soft XAS/X-PEEM. ACS Catal 2022; 12:9125-9134. [PMID: 35966607 PMCID: PMC9361287 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Improving both the extent of metallic Co nanoparticle
(Co NP) formation
and their stability is necessary to ensure good catalytic performance,
particularly for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS). Here, we
observe how the presence of surface oxygen vacancies (Ovac) on TiO2 can readily reduce individual Co3O4 NPs directly into CoO/Co0 in the freshly
prepared sample by using a combination of X-ray photoemission electron
microscopy (X-PEEM) coupled with soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
The Ovac are particularly good at reducing the edge of
the NPs as opposed to their center, leading to smaller particles being
more reduced than larger ones. We then show how further reduction
(and Ovac consumption) is achieved during heating in H2/syngas (H2 + CO) and reveal that Ovac also prevents total reoxidation of Co NPs in syngas, particularly
the smallest (∼8 nm) particles, thus maintaining the presence
of metallic Co, potentially improving catalyst performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxfordshire, U.K
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxfordshire, U.K
| | - Qingwei Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shaojun Xu
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxfordshire, U.K
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Ines Lezcano-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxfordshire, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew M. Beale
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxfordshire, U.K
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4
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Odarchenko Y, Rosenthal M, Hernandez JJ, Doblas D, Di Cola E, Soloviev M, Ivanov DA. Assessing Fast Structure Formation Processes in Isotactic Polypropylene with a Combination of Nanofocus X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Nanocalorimetry. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2652. [PMID: 34685096 PMCID: PMC8541291 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A combination of in situ nanocalorimetry with simultaneous nanofocus 2D Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) was used to study polymorphic behaviour and structure formation in a single micro-drop of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with defined thermal history. We were able to generate, detect, and characterize a number of different iPP morphologies using our custom-built ultrafast chip-based nanocalorimetry instrument designed for use with the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) high intensity nanofocus X-ray beamline facility. The detected iPP morphologies included monoclinic alpha-phase crystals, mesophase, and mixed morphologies with different mesophase/crystalline compositional ratios. Monoclinic crystals formed from the mesophase became unstable at heating rates above 40 K s-1 and showed melting temperatures as low as ~30 K below those measured for iPP crystals formed by slow cooling. We also studied the real-time melt crystallization of nanogram-sized iPP samples. Our analysis revealed a mesophase nucleation time of around 1 s and the co-existence of mesophase and growing disordered crystals at high supercooling ≤328 K. The further increase of the iPP crystallization temperature to 338 K changed nucleation from homogeneous to heterogeneous. No mesophase was detected above 348 K. Low supercooling (≥378 K) led to the continuous growth of the alpha-phase crystals. In conclusion, we have, for the first time, measured the mesophase nucleation time of supercooled iPP melted under isothermal crystallization conditions using a dedicated experimental setup designed to allow simultaneous ultrafast chip-based nanocalorimetry and nanofocus X-ray diffraction analyses. We also provided experimental evidence that upon heating, the mesophase converts directly into thermodynamically stable monoclinic alpha-phase crystals via perfection and reorganization and not via partial melting. The complex phase behaviour of iPP and its dependence on both crystallization temperature and time is presented here using a time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France; (Y.O.); (J.J.H.); (D.D.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043 Grenoble, France;
| | - Jaime J. Hernandez
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France; (Y.O.); (J.J.H.); (D.D.)
| | - David Doblas
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France; (Y.O.); (J.J.H.); (D.D.)
| | - Emanuela Di Cola
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043 Grenoble, France;
| | - Mikhail Soloviev
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Dimitri A. Ivanov
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France; (Y.O.); (J.J.H.); (D.D.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), 1 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
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5
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Vamvakeros A, Matras D, Ashton TE, Coelho AA, Dong H, Bauer D, Odarchenko Y, Price SWT, Butler KT, Gutowski O, Dippel AC, Zimmerman MV, Darr JA, Jacques SDM, Beale AM. Cycling Rate-Induced Spatially-Resolved Heterogeneities in Commercial Cylindrical Li-Ion Batteries. Small Methods 2021; 5:e2100512. [PMID: 34928070 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction computed tomography has been employed to investigate, for the first time, commercial cylindrical Li-ion batteries electrochemically cycled over the two cycling rates of C/2 and C/20. This technique yields maps of the crystalline components and chemical species as a cross-section of the cell with high spatiotemporal resolution (550 × 550 images with 20 × 20 × 3 µm3 voxel size in ca. 1 h). The recently developed Direct Least-Squares Reconstruction algorithm is used to overcome the well-known parallax problem and led to accurate lattice parameter maps for the device cathode. Chemical heterogeneities are revealed at both electrodes and are attributed to uneven Li and current distributions in the cells. It is shown that this technique has the potential to become an invaluable diagnostic tool for real-world commercial batteries and for their characterization under operating conditions, leading to unique insights into "real" battery degradation mechanisms as they occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Vamvakeros
- Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helens Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK
| | - Dorota Matras
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Thomas E Ashton
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Alan A Coelho
- Coelho Software, 72 Cedar Street, Wynnum, Brisbane, Queensland, 4178, Australia
| | - Hongyang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Dustin Bauer
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helens Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK
| | - Stephen W T Price
- Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helens Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK
| | - Keith T Butler
- SciML, Scientific Computer Division, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Olof Gutowski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Dippel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Jawwad A Darr
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Simon D M Jacques
- Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helens Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK
| | - Andrew M Beale
- Finden Limited, Merchant House, 5 East St Helens Street, Abingdon, OX14 5EG, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0FA, UK
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6
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Vamvakeros A, Coelho AA, Matras D, Dong H, Odarchenko Y, Price SWT, Butler KT, Gutowski O, Dippel AC, Zimmermann M, Martens I, Drnec J, Beale AM, Jacques SDM. DLSR: a solution to the parallax artefact in X-ray diffraction computed tomography data. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720013576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A new tomographic reconstruction algorithm is presented, termed direct least-squares reconstruction (DLSR), which solves the well known parallax problem in X-ray-scattering-based experiments. The parallax artefact arises from relatively large samples where X-rays, scattered from a scattering angle 2θ, arrive at multiple detector elements. This phenomenon leads to loss of physico-chemical information associated with diffraction peak shape and position (i.e. altering the calculated crystallite size and lattice parameter values, respectively) and is currently the major barrier to investigating samples and devices at the centimetre level (scale-up problem). The accuracy of the DLSR algorithm has been tested against simulated and experimental X-ray diffraction computed tomography data using the TOPAS software.
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7
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Qiu C, Odarchenko Y, Meng Q, Cong P, Schoen MAW, Kleibert A, Forrest T, Beale AM. Direct observation of the evolving metal-support interaction of individual cobalt nanoparticles at the titania and silica interface. Chem Sci 2020; 11:13060-13070. [PMID: 34123242 PMCID: PMC8163327 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03113e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the metal–support interaction (MSI) is crucial to comprehend how the catalyst support affects performance and whether this interaction can be exploited in order to design new catalysts with enhanced properties. Spatially resolved soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in combination with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Helium Ion-Milling Microscopy (SHIM) has been applied to visualise and characterise the behaviour of individual cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) supported on two-dimensional substrates (SiOxSi(100) (x < 2) and rutile TiO2(110)) after undergoing reduction–oxidation–reduction (ROR). The behaviour of the Co species is observed to be strongly dependent on the type of support. For SiOxSi a weaker MSI between Co and the support allows a complete reduction of CoNPs although they migrate and agglomerate. In contrast, a stronger MSI of CoNPs on TiO2 leads to only a partial reduction under H2 at 773 K (as observed from Co L3-edge XAS data) due to enhanced TiO2 binding of surface-exposed cobalt. SHIM data revealed that the interaction of the CoNPs is so strong on TiO2, that they are seen to spread at and below the surface and even to migrate up to ∼40 nm away. These results allow us to better understand deactivation phenomena and additionally demonstrate a new understanding concerning the nature of the MSI for Co/TiO2 and suggest that there is scope for careful control of the post-synthetic thermal treatment for the tuning of this interaction and ultimately the catalytic performance. Understanding the metal–support interaction (MSI) is crucial to comprehend how the catalyst support affects performance and whether this interaction can be exploited in order to design new catalysts with enhanced properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK .,Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH) Harwell Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0FA UK
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK .,Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH) Harwell Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0FA UK
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Peixi Cong
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK .,Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH) Harwell Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0FA UK
| | - Martin A W Schoen
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen 5232 Switzerland
| | - Armin Kleibert
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen 5232 Switzerland
| | - Thomas Forrest
- Diamond Light Source Harwell Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK
| | - Andrew M Beale
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK .,Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH) Harwell Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0FA UK
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8
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Decarolis D, Odarchenko Y, Herbert JJ, Qiu C, Longo A, Beale AM. Identification of the key steps in the self-assembly of homogeneous gold metal nanoparticles produced using inverse micelles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 22:18824-18834. [PMID: 31475258 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03473k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) using polymer-encapsulated inverse micelles was studied using a set of advanced X-ray techniques (i.e. XAFS, SAXS) in addition to DLS, UV-vis spectroscopy and TEM. Importantly the combination of these techniques with the inverse micelle approach affords us detailed insight and to rationalize the evolving molecular chemistry and how this drives the formation of the Au NPs. We observe that the mechanism comprises three key steps: an initial fast reduction of molecular Au(iii) species to molecular Au(i)Cl; the latter species are often very unstable during the self-assembly process. This is followed by a gradual reduction of these molecular Au(i) species and the formation of sub-nanometric Au clusters which coalesce into nanoparticles. It was also found that addition of small amounts of HCl can accelerate the formation of the Au clusters (the second phase) without affecting the final particle size or its particle size distribution. These findings would help us to understand the reaction mechanism of Au NP formation as well as providing insights into how NP properties could be further tailored for a wide range of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Decarolis
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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9
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Arrigo R, Badmus K, Baletto F, Boeije M, Brinkert K, Bugaev A, Bukhtiyarov V, Carosso M, Catlow R, Chutia A, Davies P, de Leeuw N, Dononelli W, Freund HJ, Friend C, Gates B, Genest A, Hargreaves J, Hutchings G, Johnston R, Lamberti C, Marbaix J, Miranda CR, Odarchenko Y, Richards N, Russell A, Selvam P, Sermon P, Shah P, Shevlin S, Shozi M, Skylaris CK, Soulantica K, Torrente-Murciano L, Trunschke A, van Santen R, Verga LG, Whiston K, Willock D. Theory as a driving force to understand reactions on nanoparticles: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:147-185. [PMID: 30094439 DOI: 10.1039/c8fd90013b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Odarchenko Y, Defaux M, Rosenthal M, Akhkiamova A, Bovsunovskaya P, Melnikov A, Rodygin A, Rychkov A, Gerasimov K, Anokhin DV, Zhu X, Ivanov DA. One Methylene Group in the Side Chain Can Alter by 90 Degrees the Orientation of a Main-Chain Liquid Crystal on a Unidirectional Substrate. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:453-458. [PMID: 35619342 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of orientation of columnar liquid crystals (LCs) on a PTFE-rubbed surface are explored on a homologous series of symmetrically substituted poly(di-n-alkylsiloxanes) (PDAS). It is shown that by increasing the side-chain length in steps of one CH2 group, the orientation of PDAS switches back and forth from perpendicular to parallel with respect to PTFE chains. These changes are sensitive to the smallest possible variation of the macromolecular structure (i.e., modification of the side chain length by just one CH2 group) reflect the alteration of the alignment mechanism identified as graphoepitaxial or epitaxial for the perpendicular and parallel orientation, respectively. The results show that two orthogonal LC orientations are realizable on the same rubbed substrate, which can open new perspectives in the field of organic and printed electronics such as multidomain LCD technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361 Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Matthieu Defaux
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361 Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361 Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Azaliia Akhkiamova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Bovsunovskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Melnikov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Rodygin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Rychkov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill Gerasimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Denis V Anokhin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation.,Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Av. 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry of RWTH Aachen University, Forkenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dimitri A Ivanov
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361 Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse, France.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, Leninskie Gory 1/51, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russian Federation
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11
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Adishev A, Arrigo R, Baletto F, Bordet A, Bukhtiyarov V, Carosso M, Catlow R, Conway M, Davies J, Davies P, De Masi D, Demirci C, Edwards JK, Friend C, Gallarati S, Hargreaves J, Huang H, Hutchings G, Lai S, Lamberti C, Macino M, Marchant D, Murayama T, Odarchenko Y, Peron J, Prati L, Quinson J, Richards N, Rogers S, Russell A, Selvam P, Shah P, Shozi M, Skylaris CK, Soulantica K, Spolaore F, Tooze B, Torrente-Murciano L, Trunschke A, Venezia B, Walker J, Whiston K. Control of catalytic nanoparticle synthesis: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:471-495. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd90015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Odarchenko Y, Martin DJ, Arnold T, Beale AM. CO oxidation over supported gold nanoparticles as revealed by operando grazing incidence X-ray scattering analysis. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:243-254. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00007g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Operando GISAXS/GIXD studies revealed that supported Au nanoparticles on a flat SiO2/Si(111) support undergo shape and phase transformations during CO oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH)
| | - David J. Martin
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH)
| | - Thomas Arnold
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot OX11 0DE
- UK
- European Spallation Source ERIC
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
- Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH)
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13
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Arrigo R, Badmus K, Baletto F, Boeije M, Bowker M, Brinkert K, Bugaev A, Bukhtiyarov V, Carosso M, Catlow R, Chanerika R, Davies PR, Dononelli W, Freund HJ, Friend C, Gallarati S, Gates B, Genest A, Gibson EK, Hargreaves J, Helveg S, Huang H, Hutchings G, Irvine N, Johnston R, Lai S, Lamberti C, Macginley J, Marchant D, Murayama T, Nome R, Odarchenko Y, Quinson J, Rogers S, Russell A, Said S, Sermon P, Shah P, Simoncelli S, Soulantica K, Spolaore F, Tooze B, Torrente-Murciano L, Trunschke A, Willock D, Zhang J. The challenges of characterising nanoparticulate catalysts: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:339-394. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd90014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Greenaway AG, Lezcano-Gonzalez I, Agote-Aran M, Gibson EK, Odarchenko Y, Beale AM. Operando Spectroscopic Studies of Cu-SSZ-13 for NH 3-SCR deNOx Investigates the Role of NH 3 in Observed Cu(II) Reduction at High NO Conversions. Top Catal 2018; 61:175-182. [PMID: 30956504 PMCID: PMC6413821 DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-0888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The small pore zeolite chabazite (SSZ-13) in the copper exchanged form is a very efficient material for the selective catalytic reduction by ammonia (NH3) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the exhaust of lean burn engines, typically diesel powered vehicles. The full mechanism occurring during the NH3–SCR process is currently debated with outstanding questions including the nature and role of the catalytically active sites. Time-resolved operando spectroscopic techniques have been used to provide new level of insights in to the mechanism of NH3–SCR, to show that the origin of stable Cu(I) species under SCR conditions is potentially caused by an interaction between NH3 and the Cu cations located in eight ring sites of the bulk of the zeolite and is independent of the NH3–SCR of NOx occurring at Cu six ring sites within the zeolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex G Greenaway
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Ines Lezcano-Gonzalez
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Miren Agote-Aran
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Emma K Gibson
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Andrew M Beale
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
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15
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Senecal P, Jacques SDM, Di Michiel M, Kimber SAJ, Vamvakeros A, Odarchenko Y, Lezcano-Gonzalez I, Paterson J, Ferguson E, Beale AM. Real-Time Scattering-Contrast Imaging of a Supported Cobalt-Based Catalyst Body during Activation and Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Revealing Spatial Dependence of Particle Size and Phase on Catalytic Properties. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Senecal
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Harwell OX11 0FA, U.K
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Simon D. M. Jacques
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Harwell OX11 0FA, U.K
- University of Manchester South, I13 OX11 0DE & School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Marco Di Michiel
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Simon A. J. Kimber
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Antonis Vamvakeros
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Harwell OX11 0FA, U.K
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Harwell OX11 0FA, U.K
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Ines Lezcano-Gonzalez
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Harwell OX11 0FA, U.K
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - James Paterson
- BP Chemicals, Conversion Technology Centre, HRTC-DL10 Saltend, Hedon, Hull HU12 8DS, U.K
| | - Ewen Ferguson
- BP Chemicals, Conversion Technology Centre, HRTC-DL10 Saltend, Hedon, Hull HU12 8DS, U.K
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Harwell OX11 0FA, U.K
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
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16
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Sijbrandi NJ, Kimenai AJ, Mes EPC, Broos R, Bar G, Rosenthal M, Odarchenko Y, Ivanov DA, Dijkstra PJ, Feijen J. Synthesis, Morphology, and Properties of Segmented Poly(ether amide)s with Uniform Oxalamide-Based Hard Segments. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2022309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels J. Sijbrandi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, MIRA Institute
for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science
and Technology, University of Twente, P.O.
Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ad J. Kimenai
- Core R&D, DOW Benelux BV, P.O. Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin P. C. Mes
- Core R&D, DOW Benelux BV, P.O. Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands
| | - René Broos
- Core R&D, DOW Benelux BV, P.O. Box 48, 4530 AA Terneuzen, The Netherlands
| | - Georg Bar
- Dow Olefin Verbund GmbH, P.O. Box 1163, D-06258, Schkopau, Germany
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS LRC 7228, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse,
France
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS LRC 7228, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse,
France
| | - Dimitri A. Ivanov
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS LRC 7228, Jean Starcky, 15, F-68057 Mulhouse,
France
| | - Pieter J. Dijkstra
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, MIRA Institute
for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science
and Technology, University of Twente, P.O.
Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Feijen
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, MIRA Institute
for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science
and Technology, University of Twente, P.O.
Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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