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Medras ZJH, Mostafa YM, Ahmed AAM, El‐Sayed NM. Arctigenin improves neuropathy via ameliorating apoptosis and modulating autophagy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3068-3080. [PMID: 37170684 PMCID: PMC10493658 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress mediates the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy (DN) with activation of apoptotic pathway and reduction of autophagy. Arctigenin (ARC) is a natural lignan isolated from some plants of the Asteraceae family that shows antioxidant property. The present study aimed to explore the mechanistic neuroprotective effect of ARC on animal model for DN. METHODS DN was induced using streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 45 mg/kg, i.p, for five consecutive days and ARC was administered orally (25 or 50 mg) for 3 weeks. The mechanical sensitivity and thermal latency were determined using von Frey and hotplate, respectively. Beclin, p62, and LC3 were detected as markers for autophagy by western blot. Levels of reduced glutathione, lipid peroxides, and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were detected as readout for oxidative stress. Apoptotic parameters and histopathological changes were revealed in all experimental groups. RESULTS The present study showed deterioration of the function and structure of neurons as a result of hyperglycemia. Oxidative stress and impaired autophagy were observed in diabetic neurons as well as the activation of apoptotic pathway. ARC improved the behavioral and histopathological changes of diabetic mice. ARC combated oxidative stress through diminishing lipid peroxidation and improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes. This was concomitant by reducing the biomarkers of apoptosis. ARC augmented the expression of Beclin and LC3 while it lessened the expression of p62 indicating the activation of autophagy. These findings suggest that ARC can ameliorate DN by combating apoptosis and oxidative stress and improving autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasser M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacySuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyBadr University in CairoBadrEgypt
| | - Amal A. M. Ahmed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Norhan M. El‐Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacySuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
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Atef MM, Mostafa YM, Ahmed AAM, El-Sayed NM. Simvastatin attenuates aluminium chloride-induced neurobehavioral impairments through activation of TGF-β1/ SMAD2 and GSK3β/β-catenin signalling pathways. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 102:104220. [PMID: 37454825 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and acetylcholine depletion leading to neurobehavioral defects. AD was contributed also with downregulation of TGF-β1/SMAD2 and GSK3β/β-catenin pathways. Simvastatin (SMV) improved memory function experimentally and clinically. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of SMV against aluminium chloride (AlCl3) induced neurobehavioral impairments. AD was induced by AlCl3 (50 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Mice received Simvastatin (10 or 20 mg/kg) or Donepezil (3 mg/kg) for 6 weeks after that the histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical test were examined. Treatment with SMV improved the memory deterioration induced by AlCl3 with significant recovery of the histopathological changes. This was concomitant with the decrease of AChE and Aβ (1-42). SMV provides its neuroprotective effect through upregulating the protein expression of β-catenin, TGF-β1 and downregulating the expression of GSK3β, TLR4 and p-SMAD2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasser M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal A M Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Alhaddad A, Radwan A, Mohamed NA, Mehanna ET, Mostafa YM, El-Sayed NM, Fattah SA. Rosiglitazone Mitigates Dexamethasone-Induced Depression in Mice via Modulating Brain Glucose Metabolism and AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030860. [PMID: 36979839 PMCID: PMC10046017 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, complex disease with poorly understood pathogenesis. Disruption of glucose metabolism is implicated in the pathogenesis of depression. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to regulate the activity of several kinases, including pAKT, p38MAPK, and mTOR, which are important signaling pathways in the treatment of depression. This study tested the hypothesis that rosiglitazone (RGZ) has an antidepressant impact on dexamethasone (DEXA)-induced depression by analyzing the function of the pAKT/p38MAPK/mTOR pathway and NGF through regulation of AMPK. MDD-like pathology was induced by subcutaneous administration of DEXA (20 mg/kg) for 21 days in all groups except in the normal control group, which received saline. To investigate the possible mechanism of RGZ, the protein expression of pAMPK, pAKT, p38MAPK, and 4EBP1 as well as the levels of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and NGF were assessed in prefrontal cortex and hippocampal samples. The activities of pAMPK and NGF increased after treatment with RGZ. The administration of RGZ also decreased the activity of mTOR as well as downregulating the downstream signaling pathways pAKT, p38MAPK, and 4EBP1. Here, we show that RGZ exerts a potent inhibitory effect on the pAKT/p38MAPK/mTOR/4EBP1 pathway and causes activation of NGF in brain cells. This study has provided sufficient evidence of the potential for RGZ to ameliorate DEXA-induced depression. A new insight has been introduced into the critical role of NGF activation in brain cells in depression. These results suggest that RGZ is a promising antidepressant for the treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Alhaddad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Radwan
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Noha A. Mohamed
- Department of Forgery & Counterfeiting, Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Eman T. Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.T.M.); (N.M.E.-S.)
| | - Yasser M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr 11829, Egypt
| | - Norhan M. El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.T.M.); (N.M.E.-S.)
| | - Shaimaa A. Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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El-Megiri N, Mostafa YM, Ahmed A, Mehanna ET, El-Azab MF, Alshehri F, Alahdal H, El-Sayed NM. Pioglitazone Ameliorates Hippocampal Neurodegeneration, Disturbances in Glucose Metabolism and AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Pentyelenetetrazole-Kindled Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091113. [PMID: 36145334 PMCID: PMC9506442 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbance of glucose metabolism, nerve growth factor (NGF) and m-TOR signaling have been associated with the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Pioglitazone (PGZ) is an anti-diabetic drug that shows a protective effect in neurodegenerative diseases including epilepsy; however, its exact mechanism is not fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of PGZ in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindled seizure in mice. Swiss male albino mice were randomly distributed into four groups, each having six mice. Group 1 was considered the control. Epilepsy was induced by PTZ (35 mg/kg i.p.) thrice a week for a total of 15 injections in all other groups. Group 2 was considered the untreated PTZ group while Group 3 and Group 4 were treated by PGZ prior to PTZ injection at two dose levels (5 and 10 mg/kg p.o., respectively). Seizure activity was evaluated after each PTZ injection according to the Fischer and Kittner scoring system. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed under deep anesthesia and the hippocampus was isolated for analysis of glucose transporters by RT-PCR, nerve growth factor (NGF) by ELISA and mTOR by western blotting, in addition to histopathological investigation. The PTZ-treated group showed a significant rise in seizure score, NGF and m-TOR hyperactivation, along with histological abnormalities compared to the control group. Treatment with PGZ demonstrated a significant decrease in NGF, seizure score, m-TOR, GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 in comparison to the PTZ group. In addition, improvement of histological features was observed in both PGZ treated groups. These findings suggest that PGZ provides its neuroprotective effect through modulating m-TOR signaling, glucose metabolism and NGF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada El-Megiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Yasser M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Badr 11829, Egypt
| | - Amal Ahmed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Eman T. Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.T.M.); (N.M.E.-S.)
| | - Mona F. El-Azab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Fatma Alshehri
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Alahdal
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norhan M. El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.T.M.); (N.M.E.-S.)
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El-Sayed N, Mostafa YM, AboGresha NM, Ahmed AAM, Mahmoud IZ, El-Sayed NM. Dapagliflozin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy through erythropoietin up-regulation of AKT/JAK/MAPK pathways in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 347:109617. [PMID: 34391751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Dapagliflozin (Dapa) cardioprotection against diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Structural and functional changes in the heart as well as decrease of erythropoietin (EPO) levels were reported in DCM. EPO simultaneously activates three pathways: the Janus-activated kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK2/STAT5), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-Akt (PI3K/Akt), and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK/MAPK) cascades, that result in proliferation and differentiation of cardiac cells. METHODS AND RESULTS DCM was induced by a high fat diet for 10 weeks followed by administration of streptozotocin. After confirmation of diabetes, rats were divided randomly to 5 groups: Group 1; normal control group, Group 2; untreated diabetic group and Groups (3-5); diabetic groups received Dapa daily (0.75 mg, 1.5 or 3 mg/Kg, p.o) respectively for a month. At the end of the experiment, full anaesthesia was induced in all rats using ether inhalation and ECG was recorded. Blood samples were collected then rats were sacrificed and their heart were dissected out and processed for biochemical and histopathological studies. Untreated diabetic rats showed abnormal ECG pattern, elevation of serum cardiac enzymes, decrease EPO levels, downregulation of P-Akt, P-JAK2 and pMAPK pathways, abnormal histological structure of the heart and increase immunostaining intensity of P53 and TNF α in the cardiomyocytes. Dapa in a dose dependent manner attenuated the alterations in the previously mentioned parameters. CONCLUSION The cardioprotective effect of Dapa could be mediated by increasing EPO levels and activation of P-Akt, P-JAK2 and pMAPK signalling cascades which in turn decrease apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantra Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Badr, Egypt
| | - Noha M AboGresha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amal A M Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Islam Z Mahmoud
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Elsayed AE, Osman DI, Attia SK, Ahmed HM, Shoukry EM, Mostafa YM, Taman AR. A study on the removal characteristics of organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater by low cost biosorbent. Egypt J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.15710.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Atef MM, El-Sayed NM, Ahmed AAM, Mostafa YM. Donepezil improves neuropathy through activation of AMPK signalling pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 159:1-10. [PMID: 30414938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and is associated with structural changes in the nerves. However, the molecular basis for DN is poorly understood. Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to regulate the activity of some kinases including protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) that represent important signalling pathways modulating the function of peripheral nociceptive neuron. Donepezil can activate AMPK and exerts neuroprotective effects. In this study, streptozotocin (45 mg/kg for 5 Day, i.p.) was used to induce experimental DN. After confirmation of development of neuropathy, mice were randomly distributed into five groups: Group 1; negative control group received saline (0.9%NaCl), Group 2; diabetic mice received saline, Group (3-5); diabetic mice received daily donepezil (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg, p.o.) respectively for 20 days. Mice were then sacrificed under anesthesia then their sciatic nerve and spinal cord were dissected out and processed for biochemical and histopathological studies. Diabetic mice revealed severe histological abnormalities including degenerated neurons in the spinal cord and swollen myelin sheath with inflammatory edema observed in sciatic nerves. In addition, diabetic mice showed reduced expression of p-AMPK in sciatic nerves with consequent activation of AKT/MAPK/4EBP1. A significant upregulation of the N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in both cervical and lumbar regions of spinal cord of diabetic mice was also demonstrated. Donepezil, an AMPK activator, blocked the phosphorylation of AKT/MAPK/4EBP1, down regulate the expression of NMDA receptors and reversed hyperalgesia developed in diabetic mice. Therefore, Donepezil could be a potential pharmacological agent for management of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Amal A M Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Hesham AEL, Mawad AMM, Mostafa YM, Shoreit A. Study of enhancement and inhibition phenomena and genes relating to degradation of petroleum polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in isolated bacteria. Microbiology (Reading) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261714050129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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El-Gendy AA, Said MM, Ghareb N, Mostafa YM, El-Ashry ESH. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Functionalized Indole-2-carboxylates, Triazino- and Pyridazino-indoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2008; 341:294-300. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200700161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mostafa RM, Mostafa YM, Ennaceur A. Effects of exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic field of 2 G intensity on memory and corticosterone level in rats. Physiol Behav 2002; 76:589-95. [PMID: 12126997 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00730-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the effects of chronic exposure (1 and 2 weeks) to an extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELFMF) of 2 G intensity on memory in rats using an object recognition task. Comparable groups of rats were exposed for 1, 2 or 4 weeks to ELFMF and the following day blood samples were collected from each rat for the measurement of corticosterone level. Our results demonstrate that exposure to ELFMF induces a significant increase in the level of corticosterone in blood plasma and is associated with impairment in discrimination between familiar and novel objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa M Mostafa
- Zagazig University, Banha School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Banha, Egypt
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Abstract
PURPOSE To study the value and safety of staining the anterior lens capsule in albino rabbits. SETTING Ophthalmology Department, Cairo University, and Ophthalmic Pathology Department, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Cairo, Egypt. METHODS The experiment was divided into 3 stages. First, the capacity of different concentrations of crystal violet solution to stain the anterior lens capsule of postmortem albino rabbit eyes was tested. The toxicity of different concentrations of the dye (2% to 0.25%) was then tested to determine the highest concentration that was nontoxic to the cornea and trabecular meshwork. The third step was to detect possible toxicity of lower concentrations (0.1% to 0.05%). Different dye concentrations were injected into the anterior chamber of the rabbit eyes. The eyes were examined after 1 and 3 days, 1 week, and 1 month using light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Different concentrations of crystal violet stained the anterior lens capsule, allowing for easy capsulorhexis. The use of the 2% and 1% concentrations was accompanied with irreversible damage to all corneal layers. The use of the 0.5% concentration caused damage to stromal keratocytes and endothelium. The use of the 0.25% concentration did not damage any corneal layer or the trabecular meshwork. Lower concentrations of 0.1% and 0.05% also stained the capsule, providing good visibility for successful capsulorhexis, and were less toxic to the corneal endothelium. CONCLUSION Staining the anterior lens capsule with 0.25% to 0.05% concentrations of crystal violet solution caused no injury to the cornea or trabecular meshwork in albino rabbit eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Gamal Eldin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kasr al aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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