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Nishikaku K, Yonezawa T, Nishibori M, Harada M, Kawaguchi F, Sasazaki S, Torii Y, Imakawa K, Kawai K, Liu J, Mannen H, Kobayashi T. Phylogenomics and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bovine Leukemia Virus Focusing on Asian Native Cattle: Insights Into the Early Origin and Global Dissemination. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:917324. [PMID: 35814709 PMCID: PMC9263593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.917324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, is currently one of the most important pathogens affecting the cattle industry worldwide. Determining where and in which host it originated, and how it dispersed across continents will provide valuable insights into its historical emergence as the cattle pathogen. Various species in the Bos genus were domesticated in Asia, where they also diversified. As native cattle (taurine cattle, zebu cattle, yak, and water buffalo) are indigenous and adapted to local environments, we hypothesized that Asian native cattle could have harbored BLV and, therefore, that they were important for virus emergence, maintenance, and spread. In this study, phylogeographic and ancestral trait analyses—including sequences obtained from Asian native cattle—were used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of BLV. It was shown that, since its probable emergence in Asia, the virus spread to South America and Europe via international trade of live cattle. It was inferred that zebu cattle were the hosts for the early origin of BLV, while taurine cattle played the significant role in the transmission worldwide. In addition, the results of positive selection analysis indicate that yak had a substantially minor role in the transmission of this virus. In this study, endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences in bats, collected in Asian countries, were also analyzed on whether these sequences were present in the bat genome. Endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences were detected from bat species endemic to specific regions and geographically isolated for a long time. Endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences from these geographically isolated species represent ancient exogenous deltaretroviruses distributions. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that these newly obtained endogenous deltaretrovirus sequences were closely related to those of BLV from Asian native cattle, indicating that BLV-related ancient deltaretroviruses circulated in Asia long before the emergence of BLV. Together, our analyses provide evidence for origin and spatiotemporal dynamics of BLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nishikaku
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yonezawa
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Masahide Nishibori
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masashi Harada
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuki Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinji Sasazaki
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction, Research Institute of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kuniko Kawai
- Department of Biology, School of Biological Science, Tokai University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry and Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hideyuki Mannen
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tomoko Kobayashi,
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Sano M, Komiyama H, Shinoda R, Ozawa R, Watanabe H, Karasawa T, Takahashi M, Torii Y, Iwata H, Kuwayama T, Shirasuna K. NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in testicular inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 87:e13527. [PMID: 35148014 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Systemic inflammation induced by infection, which is associated with testicular inflammation, predisposes males to subfertility. Recently, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was identified as a key mediator of inflammation, and excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying infectious inflammation in the testis remain unclear. We investigated the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in murine testes. METHOD OF STUDY We performed in vivo and in vitro studies using an LPS-induced model of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and testicular inflammation. RESULTS Intraperitoneal administration of LPS significantly impaired sperm motility in the epididymis of wild type (WT) and NLRP3-knockout (KO) mice. LPS administration stimulated interleukin (IL)-1β production and secretion in the testes of WT mice, and these adverse effects were improved in the testes of NLRP3-KO mice. LPS administration also stimulated neutrophil infiltration as well as its chemoattractant C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in WT testes, which were suppressed in NLRP3-KO testes. In in vitro cell culture, treatment with LPS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation significantly induced IL-1β and CCL2 secretion from WT but not NLRP3-KO testicular cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that testicular cells have the potential to secrete IL-1β and CCL2 in an NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent manner and that these cytokines from the testis may further exacerbate testicular function, resulting in subfertility during infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiya Sano
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiromu Komiyama
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Riina Shinoda
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ren Ozawa
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Karasawa
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takehito Kuwayama
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koumei Shirasuna
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
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Nishikaku K, Noguchi T, Murakami S, Torii Y, Kobayashi T. Molecular analysis of bovine leukemia virus in early epidemic phase in Japan using archived formalin fixed paraffin embedded histopathological specimens. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:350-357. [PMID: 35046241 PMCID: PMC8983278 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an important pathogen associated with enzootic bovine leukosis. In this study, we performed PCR and sequencing analysis to characterize BLVgp51 sequences from
formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens made from 1974 to 2000 and successfully obtained BLV proviral genome sequences from 94% of the analyzed samples. Furthermore, from these
samples, we reconstructed eight full-length and nearly full-length BLVgp51 sequences. These sequences were classified as BLV genotype 1, implying that genotype1 has already been circulating
in Japan since the 1970s. In our results, the proviral DNA was detected in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s in the same manner, indicating that the detection of BLV proviral genome depends on
storage conditions rather than storage period. The sequences obtained in this study provide direct insights into BLV sequences before 2000, which serves as a good calibrator for inferring
ancient BLV diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nishikaku
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Tatsuo Noguchi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Satoshi Murakami
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
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Hirata Y, Katsukura Y, Henmi Y, Ozawa R, Shimazaki S, Kurosawa A, Torii Y, Takahashi H, Iwata H, Kuwayama T, Shirasuna K. Advanced maternal age induces fetal growth restriction through decreased placental inflammatory cytokine expression and immune cell accumulation in mice. J Reprod Dev 2021; 67:257-264. [PMID: 34176822 PMCID: PMC8423608 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age is a risk factor for female infertility, and placental dysfunction is considered one of the causes of pregnancy complications. We investigated the effects of advanced
maternal aging on pregnancy outcomes and placental senescence. Female pregnant mice were separated into three groups: young (3 months old), middle (8–9 months old), and aged (11–13 months
old). Although the body weights of young and middle dams gradually increased during pregnancy, the body weight of aged dams only increased slightly. The placental weight and resorption rate
were significantly higher, and live fetal weights were reduced in a maternal age-dependent manner. Although mRNA expression of senescence regulatory factors (p16 and p21) increased in the
spleen of aged dams, mRNA expression of p16 did not change and that of p21 was reduced in the placenta of aged dams. Using a cytokine array of proteins extracted from placental tissues, the
expression of various types of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors was decreased in aged dams compared with young and middle dams. The aged maternal placenta showed
reduced immune cell accumulation compared with the young placenta. Our present results suggest that models using pregnant mice older than 8 months are more suitable for verifying older human
pregnancies. These findings suggest that general cellular senescence programs may not be included in the placenta and that placental functions, including SASP production and immune cell
accumulation, gradually decrease in a maternal age-dependent manner, resulting in a higher rate of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Hirata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Yusuke Katsukura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Yuka Henmi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Ren Ozawa
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shimazaki
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Akira Kurosawa
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Hironori Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Takehito Kuwayama
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
| | - Koumei Shirasuna
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 234-0034, Japan
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Asakura H, Nakayama T, Yamamoto S, Izawa K, Kawase J, Torii Y, Murakami S. Long-Term Grow-Out Affects Campylobacter jejuni Colonization Fitness in Coincidence With Altered Microbiota and Lipid Composition in the Cecum of Laying Hens. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:675570. [PMID: 34222400 PMCID: PMC8249580 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.675570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of gastrointestinal illness worldwide and is mainly transmitted from chicken through the food chain. Previous studies have provided increasing evidence that this pathogen can colonize and replicate in broiler chicken during its breeding; however, its temporal kinetics in laying hen are poorly understood. Considering the possible interaction between C. jejuni and gut microbiota, the current study was conducted to address the temporal dynamics of C. jejuni in the cecum of laying hen over 40 weeks, with possible alteration of the gut microbiota and fatty acid (FA) components. Following oral infection with C. jejuni 81-176, inocula were stably recovered from ceca for up to 8 weeks post-infection (p.i.). From 16 weeks p.i., most birds became negative for C. jejuni and remained negative up to 40 weeks p.i. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses revealed that most of the altered relative rRNA gene abundances occurred in the order Clostridiales, in which increased relative rRNA gene abundances were observed at >16 weeks p.i. in the families Clostridiaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Peptococcaceae. Lipidome analyses revealed increased levels of sterols associated with bile acid metabolisms in the cecum at 16 and/or 24 weeks p.i. compared with those detected at 8 weeks p.i., suggesting that altered microbiota and bile acid metabolism might underlie the decreased colonization fitness of C. jejuni in the gut of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nakayama
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shiori Yamamoto
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuki Izawa
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Japan
| | - Jun Kawase
- Department of Bacteriology, Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Matsue City, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi City, Japan
| | - Satoshi Murakami
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi City, Japan
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Kohda T, Tsukamoto K, Torii Y, Kozaki S, Mukamoto M. Translocation domain of botulinum neurotoxin A subtype 2 potently induces entry into neuronal cells. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:502-511. [PMID: 32301520 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is the causative agent of botulism in humans and animals. Only BoNT serotype A subtype 1 (BoNT/A1) is used clinically because of its high potency and long duration of action. BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A subtype 2 (BoNT/A2) have a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity in the light chain (LC) (96%), whereas their N-and C-terminal heavy chain (HN and HC ) differ by 13%. The LC acts as a zinc-dependent endopeptidase, HN as the translocation domain, and HC as the receptor-binding domain. BoNT/A2 and BoNT/A1 had similar potency in the mouse bioassay, but BoNT/A2 entered faster and more efficiently into neuronal cells. To identify the domains responsible for these characteristics, HN of BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 was exchanged to construct chimeric BoNT/A121 and BoNT/A212. After expression in Escherichia coli, chimeric and wild-type BoNT/As were purified as single-chain proteins and activated by conversion to disulfide-linked dichains. The toxicities of recombinant wild-type and chimeric BoNT/As were similar, but dropped to 60% compared with the values of native BoNT/As. The relative orders of SNAP-25 cleavage activity in neuronal cells and toxicity differed. BoNT/A121 and recombinant BoNT/A2 have similar SNAP-25 cleavage activity. BoNT/A2 HN is possibly responsible for the higher potency of BoNT/A2 than BoNT/A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kohda
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tsukamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shunji Kozaki
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Mukamoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
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Sano M, Shimazaki S, Kaneko Y, Karasawa T, Takahashi M, Ohkuchi A, Takahashi H, Kurosawa A, Torii Y, Iwata H, Kuwayama T, Shirasuna K. Palmitic acid activates NLRP3 inflammasome and induces placental inflammation during pregnancy in mice. J Reprod Dev 2020; 66:241-248. [PMID: 32101829 PMCID: PMC7297640 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2020-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is one of the major risk factors for pregnancy complications and is associated with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation due to higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β. Pregnant women with obesity have abnormal lipid profiles, characterized by higher levels of free fatty acids, especially palmitic acid (PA). Previously, we reported that PA stimulated IL-1β secretion via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human placental cells. These observations led us to hypothesize that higher levels of PA induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and placental inflammation, resulting in pregnancy complications. However, the effects of PA on NLRP3 inflammasome during pregnancy in vivo remain unclear. Therefore, PA solutions were administered intravenously into pregnant mice on day 12 of gestation. Maternal body weight was significantly decreased and absorption rates were significantly higher in PA-injected mice. The administration of PA significantly increased IL-1β protein and the mRNA expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1) within the placenta. In murine placental cell culture, PA significantly stimulated IL-1β secretion, and this secretion was suppressed by a specific NLRP3 inhibitor (MCC950). Simultaneously, the number of macrophages/monocytes and neutrophils, together with the mRNA expression of these chemokines increased significantly in the placentas of PA-treated mice. Treatment with PA induced ASC assembling and IL-1β secretion in macrophages, and this PA-induced IL-1β secretion was significantly suppressed in NLRP3-knockdown macrophages. These results indicate that transient higher levels of PA exposure in pregnant mice activates NLRP3 inflammasome and induces placental inflammation, resulting in the incidence of absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiya Sano
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shimazaki
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Kaneko
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Karasawa
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Akihide Ohkuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hironori Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Akira Kurosawa
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Takehito Kuwayama
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Koumei Shirasuna
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
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Yamaguchi N, Kusunose K, Haga A, Morita S, Hirata Y, Torii Y, Nishio S, Ookushi Y, Takahashi T, Yamada N, Yamada H, Sata M. 540 Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction from echocardiographic images using machine learning algorithm. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Precise and reliable echocardiographic assessment of LVEF is needed for clinical decision-making. LVEF is currently determined through an observer dependent process that requires manual tracing. To remove this manual tracing step, which is both time-consuming and user dependent, automatic computer aided diagnosis systems may be useful in the clinical setting.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a 3-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3DCNN) could estimate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and differentiate types of heart failure (preserved EF/reduced EF) using conventional 2-dimensional echocardiographic images.
Methods
We developed a deep learning model to automatically estimate LVEF from echocardiographic data. The 3DCNN model was trained on a dataset of 340 patients. The dataset creation consisted of three main steps: firstly, for each exam, cine-loops showing the parasternal and apical views were manually selected; then, 10 sequential frames were extracted from each 1 beat and; finally, each frame was pre-processed to fit the learning model. Each patient has 2 views, resulting in a total of 6,800 images. Reference LVEF measurement was calculated by two highly experienced readers in each case.
Results
A good correlation was found between estimated LVEF based on apical 2 and 4 chamber views and reference LVEF (r =0.88, p <0.001) (Figure). For classification of heart failure types based on LVEF (LVEF ≥50% or <50%), the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve by the 3DCNN algorithm was over 0.95.
Conclusions
The 3DCNN can be applied to estimate and classify the LVEF in the clinical setting. Furthermore, this work will serve as a driver for future research using million image databases.
Abstract 540 Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamaguchi
- Tokushima University Hospital, Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Kusunose
- Tokushima University Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - A Haga
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Tokushima, Japan
| | - S Morita
- Tokushima University Hospital, Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Hirata
- Tokushima University Hospital, Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Torii
- Tokushima University Hospital, Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - S Nishio
- Tokushima University Hospital, Ultrasound Examination Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Ookushi
- Tokushima University Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Tokushima University Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - N Yamada
- Tokushima University Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - H Yamada
- Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima, Japan
| | - M Sata
- Tokushima University Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
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Takahashi T, Kusunose K, Hayashi S, Morita S, Torii Y, Hirata Y, Yamao M, Nishio S, Yuichiro O, Abe M, Yamada N, Yamada H, Wakatsuki T, Sata M. P1526 Updated prevalence of lambls excrescences using the latest three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lambl’s excrescences (LEs), filiform strands that occur at sites of cardiac valves, have been suggested the cause cryptogenic stroke. The diagnosis is primarily based upon the echocardiographic study, but conventional two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography has limitation to detect such as small strands. Latest three dimensional-transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) have high-resolution images with many slices, so small structures are able to be clearly visible and detected.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of LEs using the latest 3D-TEE images.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed consecutive 140 patients who underwent 3D-TEE from November 2018 to May 2019. Forty-seven patients were excluded due to unmeasurable, such as mitral valve prolapse, severe aortic stenosis, prosthetic valves and poor-quality images. We carefully evaluated the mitral and aortic valve leaflets in order to find mobile string structure (diameter <1 mm and length 1–20 mm) in each cardiac cycle. Total analyzed images were over 50 slices per one patient.
Results
Among 93 patients, 83 patients (89%) was detected the presence of LEs. No difference in age and gender were found between patients with LEs and patients without LEs. Of the total 83 patients, there were 35 patients with strands on mitral valve, 32 patients with strands on aortic valve, and 16 patients with strands on both valves. Distribution of LEs at each valve leaflet were shown in Figure. Right coronary cusp of aortic valve (42%) and P2 of mitral valve (35%) were high prevalence among leaflets.
Conclusions
3D-TEE provides an update prevalence of LEs. The prevalence of LEs might be potentially high in the real world.
Abstract P1526 Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takahashi
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Kusunose
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - S Hayashi
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - S Morita
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Torii
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Hirata
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - M Yamao
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - S Nishio
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - O Yuichiro
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - M Abe
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - N Yamada
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - H Yamada
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Wakatsuki
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - M Sata
- Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
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Maimaituxun G, Kusunose K, Fukuda D, Yagi S, Torii Y, Hirata Y, Nishio S, Yamada NAO, Yamada H, Soeki T, Wakatsuki T, Sata M, Shimabukuro M. P3437Impact of epicardial adipose tissue on global longitudinal strain: a study in patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) locates anatomically and functionally contiguous to the myocardium and coronary arteries. It has been suggested that EAT accumulation is associated with cardiac remodeling and impaired cardiac performance. However, its role in left ventricular (LV) wall strain remains unclear.
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to clarify: whether EAT accumulation is related to global longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (CS) and radial strain (RS); and if so, in which extent or by which amount of EAT are required to deteriorate these strain.
Methods
Total 180 patients who had no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) on multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) coronary angiography and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on conventional echocardiography were recruited. Cardiac CT was used to quantify EAT volume (EATV) and echocardiographic speckle tracking was used to measure the GLS, CS and RS. EATV index (EATV/Body surface area) was determined as: EAT volume, the sum of the EAT area from the base to the apex of the heart (cm3)/body surface area (m2). Adipose tissue was determined as the density range between −190 and −30 Hounsfield unit. According to the median value (68 cm3/m2), patients were divided into lower and higher EATV index two groups.
Results
In higher EATV index group (95±19 cm3/m2), mean age, body mass index (BMI), prevalence of hyperlipidemia and prevalence of CAD were larger than in lower EATV index group (48±14 cm3/m2). Male gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and LV mass index were comparable between two groups. Patients in higher EATV index had lower GLS than those in lower EATV index (−19.4±1.2% vs. −18.8±1.3%, p=0.002). However, there were no significant difference between two groups regarding to the CS and RS. Linear regression analysis showed that there was strong correlation between EATV index and GLS (R=0.216, p=0.004); whereas, both RS and CS were strongly associated with the interventricular septum thickness (RS: R=0.248, p=0.003; CS: R= −0.192, p=0.023) and relative wall thickness (RS: R=0.178, p=0.036; CS: R= −0.184, p=0.030) but not with EATV; on multiple regression analysis, EATV was a predictor of GLS independent of age, male gender, BMI, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and CAD (Adjusted R2=0.238, p<0.001).
Conclusion
EATV is independently associated with GLS despite the preserved LVEF and lacking of obstructive CAD, and may play a significant role in estimating impaired longitudinal LV performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Maimaituxun
- Fukushima Medical University, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K.E.N.Y.A Kusunose
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - D.A.I.J.U Fukuda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - S Yagi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - Y Torii
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - Y.U.K.I.N.A Hirata
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - S Nishio
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - N A O Yamada
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - H Yamada
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - T Soeki
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - T Wakatsuki
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - M Sata
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - M Shimabukuro
- Fukushima Medical University, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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11
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Torii Y, Yokoyama E, Seki M, Shigemura H, Ishige T, Yanagimoto K, Uematsu K, Ando N, Fujimaki T, Murakami S. Genetic characteristics of emerging Salmonella enterica serovar Agona strains isolated from humans in the prior period to occurrence of the serovar shift in broilers. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1117-1120. [PMID: 31231084 PMCID: PMC6715908 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies found that a dominant serovar of Salmonella
enterica isolates from three farms raising broilers in 2014 and 2015 was
serovar Agona and the number of Infantis isolates decreased (the serovar shift). In this
study, 52 S. Agona strains which isolated between 1993 and 2008, were
compared to the serovar shift clone by molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analyses,
using pulsed field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequence analyses. Of the 52
strains, one strain isolated from a human case in 1995 was genetically identical to the
serovar shift clone, even though it was isolated prior to the serovar shift. These results
suggested that the S. Agona serovar shift clone had existed in a source
other than chicken penetrated chicken population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Torii
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Eiji Yokoyama
- Division of Bacteriology, Chiba prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chiba, Chiba 260-8715, Japan
| | - Misaki Seki
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shigemura
- Division of Pathology and Bacteriology, Department of Health Science, Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Dazaifu, Fukuoka 818-0135, Japan
| | - Taichiro Ishige
- Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Tokyo 256-0054, Japan
| | - Keita Yanagimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Yamanashi Institute of Public Health and Environments, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0027, Japan
| | - Kosei Uematsu
- Department of Microbiology, Yamanashi Institute of Public Health and Environments, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0027, Japan
| | - Naoshi Ando
- Division of Bacteriology, Chiba prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chiba, Chiba 260-8715, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimaki
- Yamanashi Meat Hygiene Inspection Laboratory, Fuefuki, Yamanashi 406-0034, Japan
| | - Satoshi Murakami
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
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12
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Murakami S, Kobayashi T, Sekigawa Y, Torii Y, Kanesaki Y, Ishige T, Yokoyama E, Ishiwata H, Hamada M, Tamura T. Actinomyces denticolens as a causative agent of actinomycosis in animals. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1650-1656. [PMID: 30224576 PMCID: PMC6261818 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The name "Actinomyces suis" was applied to each actinomycete isolate from swine actinomycosis by Grässer in 1962 and Franke in 1973. Nevertheless, this specific species was not included in the "Approved List of Bacterial Name" due to absence of the type cultures. Therefore, "Actinomyces suis" based on the description of Franke 1973 has been considered as "species incertae sedis". We isolated a number of Actinomyces strains from swine. The representative strains of them was designated as Chiba 101 that was closely similar to the description in "Actinomyces suis" reported by Franke in 1973. Interestingly, it was found that the biological characteristics of these strains were also very similar to those of Actinomyces denticolens. Furthermore, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between strain Chiba 101 and the type-strain of Actinomyces denticolens (=DSM 20671T) was found to be 99.95%. Sequences of the housekeeping genes and 16S rRNA gene showed 100% homology. These results strongly suggested that "Actinomyces suis" Franke 1973 is the same species as Actinomyces denticolens. Since actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces denticolens have been demonstrated in horses recently, it is necessary to recognize that Actinomyces denticolens is the pathogenic actinomycetes in broader range of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Murakami
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sekigawa
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yu Kanesaki
- Department of Genome Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Taichiro Ishige
- Department of Genome Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Eiji Yokoyama
- Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 666-2 Nitona, Chuo, Chiba, Chiba 260-8715, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiwata
- Technical Research Institute, Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ltd., 6-17-21 Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo 105-0004, Japan
| | - Moriyuki Hamada
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
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13
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Torii Y, Sasaki M, Shin MC, Akaike N, Kaji R. Comparison of efficacy and toxicity between botulinum toxin subtypes A1 and A2 in cynomolgus macaques. Toxicon 2018; 153:114-119. [PMID: 30193802 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin type A (subtype A1) is used as therapeutic agent for some neurological disorders causing spasticity. The toxin products have an upper dosage limit, and their adverse events, such as side effects of diffusion following high-dose administration, have become serious issues. Therefore, a preparation with greater therapeutic efficacy at lower dosages and less diffusion in the body is desired. We have attempted to produce neurotoxin derived from subtype A2 (A2NTX), which has a different amino acid sequence from that of neurotoxin derived from subtype A1. In this study, to investigate whether A2NTX is applicable for treatment, we compared the muscle relaxation effects and the toxicity between A1LL and A2NTX in adult cynomolgus macaques. In the isometric muscle contraction test elicited by 30 Hz tetanus stimulation, the contractions observed in the 0.4 U/site A1LL-treated group were similar in value to those in the 0.13 U/site A2NTX-treated group. In the toxicity test, the 12 and 24 U/kg A1LL- and A2NTX-treated groups all exhibited similar signs of toxicity regarding symptoms, rate of weight loss, and decrease in the length of the right lower leg perimeter. Thus, A2NTX demonstrated approximately 3.0-times higher muscle relaxation activity than A1LL, and their toxicity was equivalent. This study suggested that A2NTX products are more suitable for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa, 243-0034, Japan.
| | | | - Min-Chul Shin
- Research Division for Life Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, 861-5598, Japan
| | - Norio Akaike
- Research Division for Life Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, 861-5598, Japan; Research Division for Clinical Pharmacology, Kumamoto Kinoh Hospital, Kumamoto, 860-8518, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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14
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Kohda T, Nakamura K, Hosomi K, Torii Y, Kozaki S, Mukamoto M. Characterization of the functional activity of botulinum neurotoxin subtype B6. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 61:482-489. [PMID: 28898517 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium botulinum produces the highly potent neurotoxin, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), which is classified into seven serotypes (A-G); the subtype classification is confirmed by the diversity of amino acid sequences among the serotypes. BoNT from the Osaka05 strain is associated with type B infant botulism and has been classified as BoNT/B subtype B6 (BoNT/B6) by phylogenetic analysis and the antigenicity of its C-terminal heavy chain (HC ) domain. However, the molecular bases for its properties, including its potency, are poorly understood. In this study, BoNT/B6 holotoxin was purified and the biological activity and receptor binding activity of BoNT/B6 compared with those of the previously-characterized BoNT/B1 and BoNT/B2 subtypes. The derivative BoNT/B6 was found to be already nicked and in an activated form, indicating that endogenous protease production may be higher in this strain than in the other two strains. BoNT/B1 exhibited the greatest lethal activity in mice, followed by BoNT/B6, which is consistent with the sensitivity of PC12 cells. No significant differences were seen in the enzymatic activities of the BoNT/Bs against their substrate. HC /B1 and HC /B6 exhibited similar binding affinities to synaptotagmin II (SytII), which is a specific protein receptor for BoNT/B. Binding to the SytII/ganglioside complex is functionally related to the toxic action; however, the receptor recognition sites are conserved. These results suggest that the distinct characteristics and differences in biological sensitivity of BoNT/B6 may be attributable to the function of its Hc .domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kohda
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, 598-8531 Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakamura
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, 598-8531 Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, 598-8531 Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atsugi, 243-0034 Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shunji Kozaki
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, 598-8531 Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Mukamoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, 598-8531 Osaka, Japan
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15
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Kohda T, Nakamura K, Hosomi K, Torii Y, Kozaki S, Mukamoto M. Response to "Standardized methods must be used to compare the properties of botulinum toxin serotypes". Microbiol Immunol 2017; 61:560. [PMID: 29115685 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kohda
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakamura
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0034, Japan
| | - Shunji Kozaki
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Masafumi Mukamoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuouraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
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16
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Ejiri A, Oosako T, Tsujimura J, Shimada Y, Takase Y, Torii Y, Sasaki M, Tojo H, Masuda T, Nuga H, Sumitomo N, Kainaga S, Sugiyama J, Tsujii N. ECH and HHFW Start-Up Experiments on the TST-2 Spherical Tokamak. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ejiri
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - T. Oosako
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - J. Tsujimura
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y. Shimada
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y. Takase
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - M. Sasaki
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - H. Tojo
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - T. Masuda
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - H. Nuga
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - N. Sumitomo
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - S. Kainaga
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - J. Sugiyama
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - N. Tsujii
- Grad. School of Frontier Sciences and Grad. School of Science, the Univ. Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
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17
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Kataoka Y, Murakami K, Torii Y, Kimura H, Maeda-Mitani E, Shigemura H, Fujimoto S, Murakami S. Reduction in the prevalence of AmpC β-lactamase CMY-2 in Salmonella from chicken meat following cessation of the use of ceftiofur in Japan. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 10:10-11. [PMID: 28572035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kataoka
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Koichi Murakami
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Eriko Maeda-Mitani
- Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-1 Shimomachiya, Chigasaki, Kanagawa 253-0087, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shigemura
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Mukaizano 39, Dazaifu, Fukuoka 818-0135, Japan
| | - Shuji Fujimoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Murakami
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
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18
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Motojima G, Okada H, Watanabe KY, Nakamura Y, Sano F, Nagasaki K, Mizuuchi T, Kobayashi S, Kondo K, Yamamoto S, Suzuki Y, Hanatani K, Torii Y, Kaneko M, Arimoto H, Yamazaki H, Watanabe S, Tsuji T, Nakamura H, Kitagawa H, Yabutani H. Dependence of Toroidal Current on Bumpy Field Component in Heliotron J. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Motojima
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Okada
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - F. Sano
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Nagasaki
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - T. Mizuuchi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Kobayashi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Kondo
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Yamamoto
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Department of Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Hanatani
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - M. Kaneko
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Arimoto
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Yamazaki
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Department of Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Watanabe
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - T. Tsuji
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Kitagawa
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Yabutani
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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19
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Yamamoto S, Nagasaki K, Suzuki Y, Mizuuchi T, Okada H, Kobayashi S, Blackwell B, Kondo K, Motojima G, Nakajima N, Nakamura Y, Nührenberg C, Torii Y, Watanabe S, Sano F. Observation of Magnetohydrodynamic Instabilities in Heliotron J Plasmas. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Yamamoto
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Nagasaki
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - T. Mizuuchi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Okada
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Kobayashi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - B. Blackwell
- The Australian National University, Research School of Physical Science and Engineering, Canberra, Australia
| | - K. Kondo
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - G. Motojima
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - N. Nakajima
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - C. Nührenberg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, IPP-Euratom Association, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Y. Torii
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Watanabe
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - F. Sano
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho Uji 611-0011, Japan
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Seki T, Mutoh T, Kumazawa R, Saito K, Nakamura Y, Sakamoto M, Watanabe T, Kubo S, Shimozuma T, Yoshimura Y, Igami H, Ohkubo K, Takeiri Y, Oka Y, Tsumori K, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Nagaoka K, Kaneko O, Miyazawa J, Morita S, Narihara K, Shoji M, Masuzaki S, Goto M, Morisaki T, Peterson BJ, Sato K, Tokuzawa T, Ashikawa N, Nishimura K, Funaba H, Chikaraishi H, Takeuchi N, Notake T, Ogawa H, Torii Y, Shimpo F, Nomura G, Yokota M, Takahashi C, Kato A, Takase Y, Kasahara H, Ichimura M, Higaki H, Zhao YP, Kwak JG, Yamada H, Kawahata K, Ohyabu N, Ida K, Nagayama Y, Noda N, Watari T, Komori A, Sudo S, Motojima O. Study of Long-Pulse Plasma Experiment Using ICRF Heating in LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | | | - T. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Igami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Chikaraishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Takeuchi
- Nagoya University, Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- Nagoya University, Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - H. Ogawa
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama 240-0162, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - F. Shimpo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - G. Nomura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokota
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - C. Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | | | | | | | - H. Higaki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Y. P. Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Academia Sinica, Hefei 230031, P.R. China
| | - J. G. Kwak
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-600, Korea Rep
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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Motojima O, Yamada H, Komori A, Watanabe KY, Mutoh T, Takeiri Y, Ida K, Akiyama T, Asakura N, Ashikawa N, Chikaraishi H, Cooper WA, Emoto M, Fujita T, Fujiwara M, Funaba H, Goncharov P, Goto M, Hamada Y, Higashijima S, Hino T, Hoshino M, Ichimura M, Idei H, Ido T, Ikeda K, Imagawa S, Inagaki S, Isayama A, Isobe M, Itoh T, Itoh K, Kado S, Kalinina D, Kaneba T, Kaneko O, Kato D, Kato T, Kawahata K, Kawashima H, Kawazome H, Kobuchi T, Kondo K, Kubo S, Kumazawa R, Lyon JF, Maekawa R, Mase A, Masuzaki S, Mito T, Matsuoka K, Miura Y, Miyazawa J, More R, Morisaki T, Morita S, Murakami I, Murakami S, Mutoh S, Nagaoka K, Nagasaki K, Nagayama Y, Nakamura Y, Nakanishi H, Narihara K, Narushima Y, Nishimura H, Nishimura K, Nishiura M, Nishizawa A, Noda N, Notake T, Nozato H, Ohdachi S, Ohkubo K, Ohyabu N, Oyama N, Oka Y, Okada H, Osakabe M, Ozaki T, Peterson BJ, Sagara A, Saida T, Saito K, Sakakibara S, Sakamoto M, Sakamoto R, Sasao M, Sato K, Seki T, Shimozuma T, Shoji M, Sudo S, Takagi S, Takahashi Y, Takase Y, Takenaga H, Takeuchi N, Tamura N, Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Toi K, Takahata K, Tokuzawa T, Torii Y, Tsumori K, Watanabe F, Watanabe M, Watanabe T, Watari T, Yamada I, Yamada S, Yamaguchi T, Yamamoto S, Yamazaki K, Yanagi N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida N, Yoshimura S, Yoshimura Y, Yoshinuma M. Review on the Progress of the LHD Experiment. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Akiyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Asakura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Chikaraishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - W. A. Cooper
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Emoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Fujita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Fujiwara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - P. Goncharov
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Hamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Higashijima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Hino
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Hoshino
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Ichimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Idei
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ido
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Imagawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Isayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Itoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Itoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kado
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - D. Kalinina
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kaneba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - D. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Kawashima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Kawazome
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kobuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kondo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. F. Lyon
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Maekawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Mase
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Matsuoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Miura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. More
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Murakami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagasaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nakanishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Nishizawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nozato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Oyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Okada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ozaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Sagara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Saida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sasao
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Takagi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takase
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Takenaga
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Takeuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Takahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - F. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Yamaguchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yamamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Yamazaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Yanagi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Yoshida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
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Murakami S, Yamada H, Sasao M, Isobe M, Ozaki T, Saida T, Goncharov P, Lyon JF, Osakabe M, Seki T, Takeiri Y, Oka Y, Tumori K, Ikeda K, Mutoh T, Kumazawa R, Saito K, Torii Y, Watari T, Wakasa A, Watanabe KY, Funaba H, Yokoyama M. Effect of Neoclassical Transport Optimization on Energetic Ion Confinement in LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sasao
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ozaki
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - T. Saida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - P. Goncharov
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8072
| | - J. F. Lyon
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Nagoya University, Department of Energy Engineering and Science, 464-8603, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Wakasa
- Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany
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Mizuuchi T, Sano F, Nagasaki K, Okada H, Kobayashi S, Hanatani K, Torii Y, Ijiri Y, Senju T, Yaguchi K, Sakamoto K, Toshi K, Shibano M, Kondo K, Nakamura Y, Kaneko M, Arimoto H, Motojima G, Fujikawa S, Kitagawa H, Nakamura H, Tsuji T, Uno M, Watanabe S, Yabutani H, Matsuoka S, Nosaku M, Watanabe N, Yamamoto S, Watanabe KY, Suzuki Y, Yokoyama M. Configuration Control for the Confinement Improvement in Heliotron J. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Mizuuchi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - F. Sano
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Nagasaki
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Okada
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Kobayashi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Hanatani
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Y. Ijiri
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - T. Senju
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Yaguchi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Sakamoto
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Toshi
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - M. Shibano
- Kyoto University, Institute of Advanced Energy, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - K. Kondo
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - M. Kaneko
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Arimoto
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - G. Motojima
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Fujikawa
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Kitagawa
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - T. Tsuji
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - M. Uno
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Watanabe
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - H. Yabutani
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Matsuoka
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - M. Nosaku
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - N. Watanabe
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - S. Yamamoto
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Yamadaoka 1-1 Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science Oroshi-cho 322-6, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- National Institute for Fusion Science Oroshi-cho 322-6, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science Oroshi-cho 322-6, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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24
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Torii Y, Sugimoto N, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Morokuma K, Horikawa Y, Ginnaga A, Yamamoto A, Takahashi M. Clinical Study of New Tetravalent (Type A, B, E, and F) Botulinum Toxoid Vaccine Derived from M Toxin in Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2017; 70:423-429. [PMID: 28250257 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2016.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin is the most poisonous substance known, and is believed to be a highly lethal as a biological weapon; researchers of the toxin are exposed to this hazard. Botulinum toxoid vaccines have been produced and used in Japan. However, since clinical studies involving these vaccines were conducted before establishment of the Ethical Guidelines for Clinical Research in Japan, their immunogenicity and safety were not systematically assessed. In this study, we produced a new tetravalent (type A, B, E, and F) botulinum toxoid vaccine, the first ever to be derived from M toxin, and conducted quality control tests with reference to the Minimum Requirements in Japan for adsorbed tetanus toxoid vaccine. Subsequently, a clinical study using the new vaccine in 48 healthy adult volunteers was conducted according to the guidelines in Japan. No clinically serious adverse event was noted. Neutralizing antibody titers for each type of toxin in the participants' sera, 1 month after the 4th injection were more than 0.25 IU/mL, indicating sufficient protection. This study demonstrated that the vaccine has marked immunogenicity and is safe for use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Torii
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.,The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN)
| | | | - Tomoko Kohda
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Shunji Kozaki
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
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Boileve V, Schueler R, Hinojar R, Bando M, Lo Iudice F, Andersen OS, Nielsen KM, Merlo M, Dreyfus J, Attias D, Codogno I, Brochet E, Vahanian A, Messika-Zeitoun D, Kaplan S, Oeztuerk C, Weber M, Sinning JM, Welt A, Werner N, Nickenig G, Hammerstingl C, Fernandez-Golfin C, Gonzalez-Gomez A, Garcia Martin A, Casas E, Del Val D, Pardo A, Mejias A, Moya JL, Barrios V, Jimenez Nacher JJ, Zamorano JL, Yamada H, Amano R, Tamai R, Torii Y, Nishio S, Seno Y, Kusunose K, Sata M, Santoro C, Buonauro A, Ferrone M, Esposito R, Trimarco B, Petitto M, Galderisi M, Gude E, Andreassen AK, Broch K, Skulstad H, Smiseth OA, Remme EW, Damgaard DW, Jensen JM, Kraglund KL, Kim WY, Stolfo D, Gobbo M, Gabassi G, Barbati G, De Luca A, Korcova R, Secoli G, Pinamonti B, Sinagra G. Moderated Posters: A little bit of everythingP1190What causes mitral annulus dilatation-A three dimensional studyP1191Impact of interventional edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip system on mitral valve geometry: Long-term results from a prospective single centre studyP1192Real live applications of three-dimensional echocardiographic quantification of the left atrial volumes using an automated adaptive analytics algorithmP1193Quantitative ultrasound evaluation of the changes on tissue characteristics of carotid plaques by lipid lowering therapyP1194Effort heart rate increase is an independent predictor of longitudinal function reserve in the trained heart: a stress echocardiography studyP1195Incremental value of strain imaging in classification of heart failure with normal ejection fractionP1196Multimodality work-up of young stroke patients is beneficialP1197Prognostic significance of the hemodynamic non-invasive assessment in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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26
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Murakami S, Otaki M, Hayashi Y, Higuchi K, Kobayashi T, Torii Y, Yokoyama E, Azuma R. Actinomyces denticolens colonisation identified in equine tonsillar crypts. Vet Rec Open 2016; 3:e000161. [PMID: 27651913 PMCID: PMC5020674 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2015-000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, submandibular abscesses associated with Actinomyces denticolens have been reported in horses. The actinomycotic clumps have been observed in the tonsillar crypts. The aim of this study was to demonstrate colonisation of A denticolens in equine tonsils. Twelve equine tonsils obtained from a slaughterhouse were divided into two parts for histopathological examination and for isolation of A denticolens. When actinomycotic clumps were found in these tonsillar crypts, immunohistochemistry using hyperimmune serum against A denticolens (DMS 20671) was performed on the serial sections. To determine whether Actinomyces-like bacteria isolated using immunoantigenic separation technique were A denticolens, the isolates were analysed for the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Actinomycotic clumps were found in the tonsillar crypts of 11 (91.7 per cent) horses. The clumps were of the saprophytic type accompanied with the feedstuffs, but a few clumps were surrounded by inflammatory cells. A denticolens antigens were immunodetected not only in the clumps of 11 (100 per cent) tonsils, but also in the tonsillar parenchyma. Six isolates obtained from four tonsils showed 99.7–99.9 per cent similarity to A denticolens in the 16S rRNA gene sequence. In horses, the colonisation sites of A denticolens are the tonsils, thus the authors suggest that the tonsils provide the intrinsic infection site for A denticolens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murakami
- Department of Animal Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034 , Japan
| | - M Otaki
- Department of Animal Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034 , Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Department of Animal Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034 , Japan
| | - K Higuchi
- Department of Animal Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034 , Japan
| | - T Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034 , Japan
| | - Y Torii
- Department of Animal Science , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034 , Japan
| | - E Yokoyama
- Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health , 666-2 Nitona, Chuo, Chiba 260-8715 , Japan
| | - R Azuma
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan; 2-7-33 Higashi-tokura, Kokubunji-city, Tokyo 185-0002, Japan
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Hasegawa K, Torii Y, Kato R, Udagawa Y, Fukasawa I. The problems of cervical conization for postmenopausal patients. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:327-331. [PMID: 27352558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cervical conization is the definitive treatment for women of any age who have cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). However, complications of the procedure have not been fully investigated in postmenopausal patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the results and complications of cervical conization performed on premenopausal and postmenopausal patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study recruited 405 patients who had undergone cervical laser conization. The median age was 36 years (range 20 to 75), and there were 361 (89.1%) premenopausal and 44 (10.9%) postmenopausal women. RESULTS The length of the cone removed from the postmenopausal patients was significantly longer than the length from the premenopausal patients (17.9 ± 3.9 mm vs. 15.7 ± 3.6 mm, respectively; p = 0.02). The rate of positive endocervical cone margins from the premenopausal patients was significantly higher than the rate from the postmenopausal patients (9.1% vs. 0%, respectively; p = 0.037). The rate of cervical stenosis was significantly higher in postmenopausal patients than in premenopausal patients (59.1% vs. 8.3%; respectively; p < 0.0001). There was no difference in the rates of frequency of intraoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS Although deep incision is mandatory for complete excision of CIN in postmenopausal patients, it increases the incidence of cervical stenosis. Cervical conization may be a less invasive surgical procedure for older women with CIN than hysterectomy; however, the risk of postoperative complications remains, causing a dilemma for physicians treating postmenopausal women with CIN.
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Torii Y, Goto Y, Nakahira S, Kozaki S, Kaji R, Ginnaga A. Comparison of Systemic Toxicity between Botulinum Toxin Subtypes A1 and A2 in Mice and Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 116:524-8. [PMID: 25395371 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The adverse events caused by botulinum toxin type A (subtype A1) product, thought to be after-effects of toxin diffusion after high-dose administration, have become serious issues. A preparation showing less diffusion in the body than existing drugs has been sought. We have attempted to produce neurotoxin derived from subtype A2 (A2NTX) with an amino acid sequence different from that of neurotoxin derived from subtype A1 (A1NTX). In this study, to investigate whether A2NTX has the potential to resolve these issues, we compared the safety of A2NTX, a progenitor toxin derived from subtype A1 (A1 progenitor toxin) and A1NTX employing the intramuscular lethal dose 50% (im LD50) in mice and rats and the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in rats. Mouse im LD50 values for A1 progenitor toxin and A2NTX were 93 and 166 U/kg, respectively, and the rat im LD50 values were 117 and 153 U/kg, respectively. In the rat CMAP test, the dose on the contralateral side, which caused a 50% reduction in the CMAP amplitude, that is, CMAP-TD50 , was calculated as 19.0, 16.6 and 28.7 U/kg for A1 progenitor toxin, A1NTX and A2NTX, respectively. The results indicate that A2NTX is safer than A1 progenitor toxin and A1NTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Torii
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), Kumamoto, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Yoshida T, Ogawa T, Taguchi N, Maeda J, Abe K, Rodis OM, Nakai Y, Shirai H, Torii Y, Konoo T, Suzuki K. Effectiveness of a simulated patient training programme based on trainee response accuracy and appropriateness of feedback. Eur J Dent Educ 2014; 18:241-251. [PMID: 25318559 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Simulated patients (SPs) need education and training in required skills to be effective resources in education. This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of an SP training programme based on the accuracy of trainee responses and the appropriateness of their feedback. METHODS Thirty-two applicants to the training programme and 35 experienced SPs were included in this study. The experienced SPs served as a reference group. The rate of accurate responses and the rate of appropriate feedback were assessed with pre- and post-training tests, and these two outcome measures were compared with those of the experienced SPs. RESULTS No significant differences were found in trainee response accuracy or appropriateness of feedback between pre- and post-training tests. The response accuracy rate of the trainees on the pre-training test was significantly lower than that of SPs with 1-2 years of experience, whilst there was no significant difference between these SPs and the trainees on the post-training test. CONCLUSIONS Although our study suggests that more training is needed to improve the skills of SPs, the training programme may contribute to helping trainees reach a novice level in the skill of providing accurate responses. SP training should be encouraged to contribute to the effectiveness of such teaching and to establish the validity of the assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshida
- Center for the Development of Medical and Healthcare Education (Dental Education), Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Torii Y, Goto Y, Nakahira S, Ginnaga A. Establishment of alternative potency test for botulinum toxin type A using compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in rats. Toxicon 2014; 90:97-105. [PMID: 25110177 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity of botulinum toxin type A has been evaluated using the mouse intraperitoneal (ip) LD50 test. This method requires a large number of mice to precisely determine toxin activity, and, as such, poses problems with regard to animal welfare. We previously developed a compound muscle action potential (CMAP) assay using rats as an alternative method to the mouse ip LD50 test. In this study, to evaluate this quantitative method of measuring toxin activity using CMAP, we assessed the parameters necessary for quantitative tests according to ICH Q2 (R1). This assay could be used to evaluate the activity of the toxin, even when inactive toxin was mixed with the sample. To reduce the number of animals needed, this assay was set to measure two samples per animal. Linearity was detected over a range of 0.1-12.8 U/mL, and the measurement range was set at 0.4-6.4 U/mL. The results for accuracy and precision showed low variability. The body weight was selected as a variable factor, but it showed no effect on the CMAP amplitude. In this study, potency tests using the rat CMAP assay of botulinum toxin type A demonstrated that it met the criteria for a quantitative analysis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Torii
- The Chemo-Sero- Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Goto
- The Chemo-Sero- Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakahira
- The Chemo-Sero- Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ginnaga
- The Chemo-Sero- Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
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Koizumi H, Goto S, Okita S, Morigaki R, Akaike N, Torii Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Kaji R. Spinal Central Effects of Peripherally Applied Botulinum Neurotoxin A in Comparison between Its Subtypes A1 and A2. Front Neurol 2014; 5:98. [PMID: 25002857 PMCID: PMC4066301 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2014.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its unique ability to exert long-lasting synaptic transmission blockade, botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is used to treat a wide variety of disorders involving peripheral nerve terminal hyperexcitability. However, it has been a matter of debate whether this toxin has central or peripheral sites of action. We employed a rat model in which BoNT/A1 or BoNT/A2 was unilaterally injected into the gastrocnemius muscle. On time-course measurements of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes after injection of BoNT/A1 or BoNT/A2 at doses ranging from 1.7 to 13.6 U, CMAP amplitude for the ipsilateral hind leg was markedly decreased on the first day, and this muscle flaccidity persisted up to the 14th day. Of note, both BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 administrations also resulted in decreased CMAP amplitudes for the contralateral leg in a dose-dependent manner ranging from 1.7 to 13.6 U, and this muscle flaccidity increased until the fourth day and then slowly recovered. Immunohistochemical results revealed that BoNT/A-cleaved synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) appeared in the bilateral ventral and dorsal horns 4 days after injection of BoNT/A1 (10 U) or BoNT/A2 (10 U), although there seemed to be a wider spread of BoNT/A-cleaved SNAP-25 associated with BoNT/A1 than BoNT/A2 in the contralateral spinal cord. This suggests that the catalytically active BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 were axonally transported via peripheral motor and sensory nerves to the spinal cord, where they spread through a transcytosis (cell-to-cell trafficking) mechanism. Our results provide evidence for the central effects of intramuscularly administered BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 in the spinal cord, and a new insight into the clinical effects of peripheral BoNT/A applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Koizumi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan ; Department of Motor Neuroscience and Neurotherapeutics, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Satoshi Goto
- Department of Motor Neuroscience and Neurotherapeutics, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Shinya Okita
- Department of Motor Neuroscience and Neurotherapeutics, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Ryoma Morigaki
- Department of Motor Neuroscience and Neurotherapeutics, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Norio Akaike
- Research Division for Life Science, Kumamoto Health Science University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yasushi Torii
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN) , Kumamoto , Japan ; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Harakawa
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN) , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Akihiro Ginnaga
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN) , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan
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Torii Y, Goto Y, Nakahira S, Kozaki S, Ginnaga A. Comparison of the immunogenicity of botulinum toxin type A and the efficacy of A1 and A2 neurotoxins in animals with A1 toxin antibodies. Toxicon 2013; 77:114-20. [PMID: 24269688 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
One issue with botulinum toxin type A products is a reduced therapeutic response in patients that have been injected with frequent dosing over a prolonged period. A possible cause of this is hemagglutinin, found in progenitor toxins, displaying adjuvant activity, enhancing antibody production against the toxin. We investigated whether there is any difference in immunogenicity between the LL toxin-derived subtype A1 (A1LL) and the neurotoxin-derived subtypes A1 and A2 (A1NTX and A2NTX, respectively), and investigated whether A2NTX is effective in animals which produce antibodies against A1LL. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in the A1LL-administered group; however, they were not detected in swine and rabbits administered multiple doses of A2NTX. These results indicate that A2NTX has a lower immunogenicity than A1LL. In rats with neutralizing antibodies, produced by the administration of A1LL, that were administered either A1NTX or A2NTX, A2NTX showed more potent inhibitory neuromuscular transmission than A1NTX. In human sera immunized with the botulinum toxoid vaccine (containing LL, L, and M toxoid derived subtype A1) reacted with either A1NTX or A2NTX, A2NTX showed more potent inhibitory neuromuscular transmission than A1NTX. This suggests that A2NTX has a greater therapeutic value in humans who have neutralizing antibodies against the A1 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Torii
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Goto
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakahira
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
| | - Shunji Kozaki
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-18 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ginnaga
- The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (KAKETSUKEN), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan
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Torii Y, Shinmura M, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Takahashi M, Ginnaga A. Differences in immunological responses of polyclonal botulinum A1 and A2 antitoxin against A1 and A2 toxin. Toxicon 2013; 73:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kato K, Akaike N, Kohda T, Torii Y, Goto Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Kaji R, Kozaki S. Botulinum neurotoxin A2 reduces incidence of seizures in mouse models of temporal lobe epilepsy. Toxicon 2013; 74:109-15. [PMID: 23954512 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy often shows pharmacoresistance, and well-known anti-convulsants sometimes are not effective for blocking chronic seizures. Botulinum neurotoxins are metalloproteases that act on presynaptic proteins and inhibit neurotransmitter release in both the peripheral and central nerve systems. That is why neurotoxins may elicit an effect for the restraint of the seizures. Meanwhile, it has been suggested that a property and the stability of neurotoxin activities differ among the types A-G, in which type A neurotoxin (ANTX) is, especially, the most stable and can continue having activity for a long term. The present study therefore investigated the effects of hippocampal injections of A2NTX on seizures derived in TLE model mice, received repeated kindling stimulations in the amygdala. The injections induced complete disappearance of grand mal seizures in half of the population of amygdala kindled mice for 4 days. The injections also induced reduction of the evoked seizure level significantly for at least 18 days after injections. Taken together, these results suggest that A2NTX prevents from epileptic seizures, proposing that A2NTX is available as a new antiepileptic reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kato
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.
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Akaike N, Shin M, Nonaka K, Wakita M, Torii Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Kozaki S, Kaji R. Behavioral and electrophysiological studies of A2NTX and A1LL. Toxicon 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Goto Y, Torii Y, Sakamoto T, Kaji R, Takahashi M, Nakahira S, Ginnaga A. Establishment of an alternative potency test for botulinum neurotoxin type A using muscle action potential change in rats. Toxicon 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Torii Y, Akaike N, Harakawa T, Goto Y, Nakahira S, Kozaki S, Kaji R, Ginnaga A. Botulinum toxins subtypes A1 and A2 were transported via different pathways to the contralateral side. Toxicon 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Akaike N, Shin MC, Wakita M, Torii Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Kato K, Kaji R, Kozaki S. Transsynaptic inhibition of spinal transmission by A2 botulinum toxin. J Physiol 2013; 591:1031-43. [PMID: 23109108 PMCID: PMC3591713 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.242131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Type A botulinum toxin blocks not only ACh release from motor nerve terminals but also central synaptic transmission, including glutamate, noradrenaline, dopamine, ATP, GABA and glycine. Neurotoxins (NTXs) are transported by both antero- and retrogradely along either motor or sensory axons for bidirectional delivery between peripheral tissues or the CNS. A newly developed type A2 NTX (A2NTX) injected into one rat foreleg muscle was transported to the contralateral muscle. This finding was consistent with the NTX traveling retrogradely via spinal neurons and then transsynaptically through motor neurons to the contralateral motor neurons within the spinal cord and on to the soleus muscle. In the present study we found that toxin injection into the rat left soleus muscle clearly induced bilateral muscle relaxation in a dose-dependent fashion, although the contralateral muscle relaxation followed the complete inhibition of toxin-injected ipsilateral muscles. The toxin-injected ipsilateral muscle relaxation was faster and stronger in A2NTX-treated rats than A1LL (BOTOX). A1LL was transported almost equally to the contralateral muscle via neural pathways and the bloodstream. In contrast, A2NTX was mainly transported to contralateral muscles via the blood. A1LL was more successfully transported to contralateral spinal neurons than A2NTX. We also demonstrated that A1LL and A2NTX were carried from peripheral to CNS and vice versa by dual antero- and retrograde axonal transport through either motor or sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Akaike
- Research Division for Life Sciences, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan.
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Kawada JI, Ito Y, Torii Y, Kimura H, Iwata N. Remission of juvenile idiopathic arthritis with primary Epstein-Barr virus infection. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 52:956-8. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Matsuda F, Torii Y, Enomoto H, Kuga C, Aizawa N, Iwata Y, Saito M, Imanishi H, Shimomura S, Nakamura H, Tanaka H, Iijima H, Tsutsui H, Tanaka Y, Nishiguchi S. Anti-interferon-α neutralizing antibody is associated with nonresponse to pegylated interferon-α plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C. J Viral Hepat 2012; 19:694-703. [PMID: 22967100 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01598.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN-α) plus ribavirin (RBV) treatment fails to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) in approximately 20-50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We assessed the contribution of an anti-IFN-α neutralizing antibody (NAb) on the nonresponse to treatment. NAbs were detected using an antiviral assay that assessed the neutralizing effects of serum samples against IFN. Serum samples were obtained at the end of the treatment and evaluated for the presence of NAbs using recombinant IFN-α as a standard. We studied 129 PEG-IFN-α/RBV-treated patients. In the 82 end-of-treatment responders, no NAbs were detected. Of the 47 patients who did not respond, seven (15%) were positive for NAbs. We also examined an additional 83 patients who had not responded to PEG-IFN-α treatment, and detected 12 with NAbs. Patients with good IFN-responsive characteristics, including HCV genotype 2/3 and major allele homozygotes for interleukin-28B, were included in the 19 patients with NAbs. No NAbs interfered with the antiviral activity of natural human IFN-β (nIFN-β) and re-treatement of patients with NAbs with nIFN-β/RBV achieved SVR. Our analyses revealed that the emergence of anti-IFN-α NAbs was a candidate causal factor of PEG-IFN-α-treatment failure. Therefore, these antibodies should be assayed in patients who do not respond to PEG-IFN-α therapy, and if detected, other effective treatments, i.e., medications that are not neutralized by anti-IFN-α NAbs, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Matsuda
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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Shin MC, Nonaka K, Wakita M, Yamaga T, Torii Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Ito Y, Akaike N. Effects of tetanus toxin on spontaneous and evoked transmitter release at inhibitory and excitatory synapses in the rat SDCN neurons. Toxicon 2012; 59:385-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yoshida Y, Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Hayakawa S, Torii Y, Ogawa T, Osaka A, Meerbeek B. Self-assembled Nano-layering at the Adhesive Interface. J Dent Res 2012; 91:376-81. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034512437375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the ‘Adhesion–Decalcification’ concept, specific functional monomers within dental adhesives can ionically interact with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Such ionic bonding has been demonstrated for 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) to manifest in the form of self-assembled ‘nano-layering’. However, it remained to be explored if such nano-layering also occurs on tooth tissue when commercial MDP-containing adhesives (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray; Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) were applied following common clinical application protocols. We therefore characterized adhesive-dentin interfaces chemically, using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultrastructurally, using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM). Both adhesives revealed nano-layering at the adhesive interface, not only within the hybrid layer but also, particularly for Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), extending into the adhesive layer. Since such self-assembled nano-layering of two 10-MDP molecules, joined by stable MDP-Ca salt formation, must make the adhesive interface more resistant to biodegradation, it may well explain the documented favorable clinical longevity of bonds produced by 10-MDP-based adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - K. Yoshihara
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Group of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - N. Nagaoka
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - S. Hayakawa
- Biomaterials Laboratory Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - T. Ogawa
- Cooperative Research Facilities, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - A. Osaka
- Biomaterials Laboratory Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - B.Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Group of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
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Shin MC, Wakita M, Xie DJ, Yamaga T, Iwata S, Torii Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Kozaki S, Akaike N. Inhibition of Membrane Na+ Channels by A Type Botulinum Toxin at Femtomolar Concentrations in Central and Peripheral Neurons. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 118:33-42. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11060fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Hayakawa S, Nagaoka N, Torii Y, Osaka A, Suzuki K, Minagi S, Van Meerbeek B, Van Landuyt K. Self-etch Monomer-Calcium Salt Deposition on Dentin. J Dent Res 2011; 90:602-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034510397197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Yoshihara
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y. Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University, Japan
| | - S. Hayakawa
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University, Japan
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - N. Nagaoka
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y. Torii
- Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - A. Osaka
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University, Japan
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - K. Suzuki
- Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University, Japan
| | - S. Minagi
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - B. Van Meerbeek
- Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K.L. Van Landuyt
- Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Kato R, Hasegawa K, Achiwa Y, Okamoto H, Torii Y, Oe S, Udagawa Y. Predicting nedaplatin sensitivity of cervical cancer using the histoculture drug response assay. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:381-386. [PMID: 21941957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are currently no clinically available chemosensitivity assays for cervical cancer. In this study we evaluated whether the histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) could be used to predict chemosensitivity to nedaplatin (NDP) in cervical cancer. METHODS Fifty-four surgical specimens and biopsies from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were tested with the HDRA. The results were used to calculate the concentration resulting in 50% inhibition of tumor growth (IC50). We then determined the cut-off concentration for NDP, and investigated the chemosensitivity of NDP for each patient. Moreover, the correlations between chemosensitivity and the clinical response of NDP-containing chemotherapy, and the clinical outcomes of the patients with Stage I and II disease were also investigated. RESULTS Fifty-one of 54 specimens (94.0%) were evaluable with this assay. The optimal cutoff concentration of NDP was determined to be 48 microg/ml. In 18 patients with measurable lesions, all nine patients in the high sensitive group by HDRA were judged as partial response (PR) to NDP containing chemotherapy. In contrast five of nine patients in the low sensitive group were classified as stable disease, and four were PR. The true positive rate was 100%, the true negative rate was 55.6%, and the accurate prediction rate was 77.8%. Furthermore, the disease-free survival of the high sensitive group tended to be better than that of the low sensitive group in the patients who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with NDP. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, the sensitivity of cervical tumors to nedaplatin was predicted by the HDRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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Torii Y, Akaike N, Harakawa T, Kato K, Sugimoto N, Goto Y, Nakahira S, Kohda T, Kozaki S, Kaji R, Ginnaga A. Type A1 but Not Type A2 Botulinum Toxin Decreases the Grip Strength of the Contralateral Foreleg Through Axonal Transport From the Toxin-Treated Foreleg of Rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 117:275-85. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11121fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Ishii K, Murakoshi T, Hayashi S, Saito M, Sago H, Takahashi Y, Sumie M, Nakata M, Matsushita M, Shinno T, Naruse H, Torii Y. Ultrasound predictors of mortality in monochorionic twins with selective intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 37:22-26. [PMID: 20878679 DOI: 10.1002/uog.8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ultrasound assessment to predict risk of mortality in expectantly managed monochorionic twin fetuses with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). METHODS This was a retrospective study of 101 monochorionic twin pregnancies diagnosed with sIUGR before 26 weeks of gestation. All patients were under expectant management during the observation period. At the initial evaluation, the presence or absence of each of the following abnormalities was documented: oligohydramnios; stuck twin phenomenon; severe IUGR < 3(rd) centile of estimated fetal weight; abnormal Doppler in the umbilical artery; and polyhydramnios in the larger twin. The relationships between these ultrasound findings and mortality of sIUGR fetuses were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of 101 sIUGR twins, 22 (21.8%) fetuses suffered intrauterine demise and nine (8.9%) suffered neonatal death; 70 (69.3%) survived the neonatal period. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the stuck twin phenomenon (odds ratio (OR): 14.5; 95% CI: 2.2-93.2; P = 0.006) and constantly absent diastolic flow in the umbilical artery (OR: 29.4; 95% CI: 3.3-264.0; P = 0.003) were significant risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS Not only abnormal Doppler flow in the umbilical artery but also severe oligohydramnios should be recognized as important indicators for mortality in monochorionic twins with sIUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ishii
- Division of Perinatology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Akaike N, Ito Y, Shin MC, Nonaka K, Torii Y, Harakawa T, Ginnaga A, Kozaki S, Kaji R. Effects of A2 type botulinum toxin on spontaneous miniature and evoked transmitter release from the rat spinal excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Toxicon 2010; 56:1315-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Murakoshi T, Ishii K, Matsushita M, Shinno T, Naruse H, Torii Y. Monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancies with two yolk sacs may not be a rare finding: a report of two cases. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2010; 36:384-386. [PMID: 20533442 DOI: 10.1002/uog.7710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The exact determination of amnionicity is a major issue for the clinical management of monochorionic twin pregnancies, due to the high risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity in monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) twins. Counting the number of yolk sacs is believed to be a good indicator of amnionicity in the early first trimester, and it has previously been suggested that the number of yolk sacs is equal to amnionicity in both MCMA and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies. However, the accuracy of the relationship between number of yolk sacs and amnionicity has recently been called into question. To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports have shown two yolk sacs in MCMA twin pregnancies. We report two cases of MCMA twins with two yolk sacs on first-trimester ultrasonography, and confirmed monoamnionicity in the second trimester showing umbilical cord entanglement. Postnatal examination showed an MCMA placenta in both cases, and entangled umbilical cords confirmed monoamnionicity. The possibility of monoamnionicity must still be suspected when two yolk sacs are detected early in the first trimester on ultrasound examination in monochorionic twin pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murakoshi
- Division of Perinatology, Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu City, Japan.
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Torii Y, Takahashi M, Ishida S, Goto Y, Nakahira S, Harakawa T, Kaji R, Kozaki S, Ginnaga A. Quantification of potency of neutralizing antibodies to botulinum toxin using compound muscle action potential (CMAP). Toxicon 2010; 55:662-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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