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Yang X, Yin ML, Huan ZL, Zhu YB, Zhao SP, Xi HL. Microecological characteristics of water bodies/sediments and microbial remediation strategies after 50 years of pollution exposure in ammunition destruction sites in China. Environ Res 2024; 251:118640. [PMID: 38479720 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The effects of long-term ammunition pollution on microecological characteristics were analyzed to formulate microbial remediation strategies. Specifically, the response of enzyme systems, N/O stable isotopes, ion networks, and microbial community structure/function levels were analyzed in long-term (50 years) ammunition-contaminated water/sediments from a contamination site, and a compound bacterial agent capable of efficiently degrading trinitrotoluene (TNT) while tolerating many heavy metals was selected to remediate the ammunition-contaminated soil. The basic physical and chemical properties of the water/sediment (pH (up: 0.57-0.64), nitrate (up: 1.31-4.28 times), nitrite (up: 1.51-5.03 times), and ammonium (up: 7.06-70.93 times)) were changed significantly, and the significant differences in stable isotope ratios of N and O (nitrate nitrogen) confirmed the degradability of TNT by indigenous microorganisms exposed to long-term pollution. Heavy metals, such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cs, and Sb, have synergistic toxic effects in ammunition-contaminated sites, and significantly decreased the microbial diversity and richness in the core pollution area. However, long-term exposure in the edge pollution area induced microorganisms to use TNT as a carbon and nitrogen sources for life activities and growth and development. The Bacteroidales microbial group was significantly inhibited by ammunition contamination, whereas microorganisms such as Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Comamonadaceae gradually adapted to this environmental stress by regulating their development and stress responses. Ammunition pollution significantly affected DNA replication and gene regulation in the microecological genetic networks and increased the risk to human health. Mg and K were significantly involved in the internal mechanism of microbial transport, enrichment, and metabolism of TNT. Nine strains of TNT-utilizing microbes were screened for efficient TNT degradation and tolerance to typical heavy metals (copper, zinc and lead) found in contaminated sites, and a compound bacterial agent prepared for effective repair of ammunition-contaminated soil significantly improved the soil ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Mao-Ling Yin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Zheng-Lai Huan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yong-Bing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - San-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Hai-Ling Xi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
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Yin ML, Zhao SP, Lai JL, Yang X, Dong B, Zhu YB, Zhang Y. Oxygen-insensitive nitroreductase bacteria-mediated degradation of TNT and proteomic analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:116227-116238. [PMID: 37907824 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a nitroaromatic compound that causes soil and groundwater pollution during manufacture, transportation, and use, posing significant environmental and safety hazards. In this study, a TNT-degrading strain, Bacillus cereus strain T4, was screened and isolated from TNT-contaminated soil to explore its degradation characteristics and proteomic response to TNT. The results showed that after inoculation with the bacteria for 4 h, the TNT degradation rate reached 100% and was transformed into 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT), 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT), and 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene (2,6-DANT), accompanied by the accumulation of nitrite and ammonium ions. Through proteomic sequencing, we identified 999 differentially expressed proteins (482 upregulated, 517 downregulated), mainly enriched in the pentose phosphate, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and amino acid metabolism pathways. In addition, the significant upregulation of nitroreductase and N-ethylmaleimide reductase was closely related to TNT denitration and confirmed that the strain T4 converted TNT into intermediate metabolites such as 2-ADNT and 4-ADNT. Therefore, Bacillus cereus strain T4 has the potential to degrade TNT and has a high tolerance to intermediate products, which may effectively degrade nitroaromatic pollutants such as TNT in situ remediation in combination with other bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Ling Yin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - San-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Jin-Long Lai
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Bin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yong-Bing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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Wang SY, Li C, Zhao HW, Chen X, Zhang HJ, Zhu YB, Zhao SP, Ji C, Liu XD. [Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils of a Testing Range]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:1657-1667. [PMID: 36922226 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202201279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in testing ranges is one of the most widely concerning environmental problems. The ammunition static detonation test area, the bomb falling area, and the living area of a testing range in Jilin were selected as the study objects. The contents of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in 112 topsoil samples and two soil profiles were analyzed, and their distribution characteristics and sources were analyzed in detail. After that, the pollution degree and potential ecological risk of heavy metals were investigated using multiple pollution index assessment methods. The results showed that the average contents of As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn in the soil of the ammunition static detonation test area were higher than the soil background values in Jilin province, and the contents of Cu, Zn, As, and Cd showed strong spatial heterogeneity. The average concentrations of As, Cd, and Ni in the soil of the bomb falling area exceeded their background values. The average contents of As and Cd in the soil of the living area were higher than the background values, and the variation coefficients of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cr were relatively high, indicating that they may have been affected by human activities. In different test areas, the contents of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn in the soil samples were significantly different (P<0.05). The ammunition static detonation test area was more strongly affected by the test activities than the bomb falling area, and the heavy metal contents in the surface layer of the soil profile were significantly higher. There was no obvious vertical migration of heavy metals in the soil profiles. The results of multivariate statistics and source identification analysis using absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) showed that Zn, Pb, and Cd were mainly affected by pollution sources related to test activities; Cr and Ni were mainly affected by natural sources of soil forming materials; and the sources of As and Cu were more complicated. The geo-accumulation index showed that Cd in the three areas and Ni in the bomb falling area belonged to pollution level 1 (uncontaminated to moderately contaminated). The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index showed that the pollution levels among the different functional areas were:living area>ammunition static detonation test area>bomb falling area, and the three functional areas were slightly polluted. The potential ecological risk index showed that the study area was at moderate ecological risk level, and Cd was considered to be the main soil pollution factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chun Li
- 63968 Unit of PLA, Baicheng 137001, China
| | | | - Xi Chen
- 63968 Unit of PLA, Baicheng 137001, China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yong-Bing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - San-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Wang J, Zhu YB, Gao M, Chen L, Qiu LX. [Clinical effect evaluation of immediate implant and immediate restoration with socket-shield technique in aesthetic area: a retrospective study with up to 5-year follow-up]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 58:251-257. [PMID: 36854426 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20220317-00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of socket-shield technique for 5 years after immediate implantation and immediate restoration in aesthetic area. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted between July, 2013 and July, 2020. A total of 29 patients, with 34 implants, who received immediate implantation and immediate restoration with socket-shield technique in the esthetic zone in Department of Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were included in this study. The implants survival rate, complications and the pink esthetic score (PES) were evaluated (60.2±26.7) months (13-101 months) after operation. The digital models before treatment and at the final follow-up were obtained, to measure the changes of soft tissue. The labial alveolar bone recession was measured by cone-beam CT. Results: All 34 implants survived during follow-up. The PES was (12.80±1.05), there was no significant difference in PES scores between dental positions (F=1.77, P=0.150). The gingival margin recession was (0.12±0.09) mm, and labial contour change at 2 mm apical to the gingival zenith was (0.45±0.17) mm. The labial alveolar bone recession was (0.14±0.46) mm. Conclusions: Immediate implant with socket-shield technique could maintain the gingival margin and labial alveolar bone, and preserve the soft tissue contour well to achieve good esthetic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - M Gao
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - L Chen
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - L X Qiu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
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Gao B, Jiao TY, Li YT, Chen H, Lin WP, An Z, Ru LH, Zhang ZC, Tang XD, Wang XY, Zhang NT, Fang X, Xie DH, Fan YH, Ma L, Zhang X, Bai F, Wang P, Fan YX, Liu G, Huang HX, Wu Q, Zhu YB, Chai JL, Li JQ, Sun LT, Wang S, Cai JW, Li YZ, Su J, Zhang H, Li ZH, Li YJ, Li ET, Chen C, Shen YP, Lian G, Guo B, Li XY, Zhang LY, He JJ, Sheng YD, Chen YJ, Wang LH, Zhang L, Cao FQ, Nan W, Nan WK, Li GX, Song N, Cui BQ, Chen LH, Ma RG, Zhang ZC, Yan SQ, Liao JH, Wang YB, Zeng S, Nan D, Fan QW, Qi NC, Sun WL, Guo XY, Zhang P, Chen YH, Zhou Y, Zhou JF, He JR, Shang CS, Li MC, Kubono S, Liu WP, deBoer RJ, Wiescher M, Pignatari M. Deep Underground Laboratory Measurement of ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O in the Gamow Windows of the s and i Processes. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:132701. [PMID: 36206440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.132701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is the main neutron source for the slow-neutron-capture process in asymptotic giant branch stars and for the intermediate process. Direct measurements at astrophysical energies in above-ground laboratories are hindered by the extremely small cross sections and vast cosmic-ray-induced background. We performed the first consistent direct measurement in the range of E_{c.m.}=0.24 to 1.9 MeV using the accelerators at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory and Sichuan University. Our measurement covers almost the entire intermediate process Gamow window in which the large uncertainty of the previous experiments has been reduced from 60% down to 15%, eliminates the large systematic uncertainty in the extrapolation arising from the inconsistency of existing datasets, and provides a more reliable reaction rate for the studies of the slow-neutron-capture and intermediate processes along with the first direct determination of the alpha strength for the near-threshold state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - R J deBoer
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Wiescher
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Wolfson Fellow of Royal Society, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - M Pignatari
- Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
- E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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Li J, Yang X, Lai JL, Zhang Y, Luo XG, Zhao SP, Zhu YB. Characteristics of RDX degradation and the mechanism of the RDX exposure response in a Klebsiella sp. strain. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang X, Zhang Y, Lai JL, Luo XG, Han MW, Zhao SP, Zhu YB. Analysis of the biodegradation and phytotoxicity mechanism of TNT, RDX, HMX in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Chemosphere 2021; 281:130842. [PMID: 34023765 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal the mechanism underlying the toxicity of TNT (trinitrotoluene), RDX (cyclotrimethylene trinitroamine), and HMX (cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine) explosives pollution in plants. Here, the effects of exposure to these three explosives were examined on chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the metabolite spectrum in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants. The degradation rates for TNT, RDX, and HMX by alfalfa were 26.8%, 20.4%, and 18.4%, respectively, under hydroponic conditions. TNT caused damage to the microstructure of the plant roots and inhibited photosynthesis, whereas RDX and HMX induced only minor changes. Exposure to any of the three explosives caused disturbances in the oxidase system. Non-targeted metabolomics identified a total of 6185 metabolites. TNT exposure induced the appearance of 609 differentially expressed metabolites (189 upregulated, 420 downregulated), RDX exposure induced 197 differentially expressed metabolites (155 upregulated and 42 downregulated), and HMX induced 234 differentially expressed metabolites (132 upregulated and 102 downregulated). Of these differentially expressed metabolites, lipids and lipid-like molecules were the main metabolites induced by explosives poisoning. TNT mainly caused significant changes in the alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism metabolic pathways, RDX mainly caused disorders in the arginine biosynthesis metabolic pathway, and HMX disrupted the oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway. Taken together, the results show that exposure to TNT, RDX, and HMX leads to imbalances in plant photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme systems, changes the basic metabolism of plants, and has significant ecotoxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jin-Long Lai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China; Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education of, SWUST, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China; Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education of, SWUST, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Meng-Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - San-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Yong-Bing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
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Dai LL, Zhu YB, Bai RH, Li Q, Tao RY, Liu LC, Ding JB, Ma F, Zhao X, Cheng SK, Huang XL, Liu MS. Time resolved absolute extreme ultraviolet radiation measurement on the ENN XuanLong-50 spherical tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:083507. [PMID: 34470401 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A plasma radiation measurement system for a wide spectral range, based on compact Absolute eXtreme UltraViolet (AXUV) silicon photodiodes, has been implemented on the newly constructed ENN XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) spherical tokamak. The system consists of two 16-channel AXUV16ELG arrays and one AXUV63HS1 single-cell detector mounted on ceramic sockets. The two arrays, facing toward the EXL-50 slim central post from two locations inside a top and a side ConFlat 400 port, have 32 view chords covering the interested plasma region in a poloidal cross section at toroidal 330°. The single-cell detector, seated on a retractable feedthrough, could be arranged flexibly with the help of an ultra-high vacuum compatible gate valve. The design details together with considerations on the EXL-50 specific engineering realities and physics requirements are described. Preliminary results from the EXL-50 2020 experimental campaign are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - R H Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - R Y Tao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - L C Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - J B Ding
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - F Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - X Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - S K Cheng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - X L Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - M S Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
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Wang Y, Lang XY, Zhu YB, Liu XY, Zhao YY, Li SD, Li W. [Integration of clinical significance and statistical significance on clinical study results categorization: a Meta-epidemiology study]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:1280-1285. [PMID: 34814544 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20201015-01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Statistical significance plays an important role in the interpretation of clinical trial results. However, on the basis of obtaining statistical significance, the assessment of clinical significance is often neglected. This study attempted to propose a simple and unambiguous new classification method for study results, focusing on studies with statistical positive findings to evaluate whether the results have clinical significance. Methods: Our study subjects were the clinical studies in 2019 ACC and ESC annual meetings. Meta-epidemiology methods were used to extract the characteristic variable from each study. The primary evaluation indicators included target effect-size and observed effect-size. Based on the difference between the two indicators, the studies that had statistical significance were subdivided to identify studies with possible insufficient clinical significance; Furthermore, the theoretical threshold based on power analysis was proposed, which was used as the basis for the interpretation of study results. Results: There were 12 clinical studies included in the final analysis. All of them were published on top journals. Those studies had relative high quality on both study design and reporting. The correlation coefficient between the observed and target effect-size was 0.892. Among the 7 studies with statistical significance, two of them were classified as insufficient clinical significance. The counts was 1 (1/3) and 1 (1/4) for the studies reported in ACC and ESC respectively. Conclusions: The achievement of clinical significance is critical even in the study with positive results. This paper proposes a new classification standard that combines clinical significance with statistical significance and further suggests a method to evaluate the reliability of clinical study results in order to assist researchers in identifying potential risks caused by insufficient clinical significance, and provide some reference and help for the reasonable interpretation of clinical study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - X Y Lang
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - X Y Liu
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Y Y Zhao
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - S D Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - W Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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10
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Yang X, Lai JL, Li J, Zhang Y, Luo XG, Han MW, Zhu YB, Zhao SP. Biodegradation and physiological response mechanism of Bacillus aryabhattai to cyclotetramethylenete-tranitramine (HMX) contamination. J Environ Manage 2021; 288:112247. [PMID: 33765573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to reveal the biodegradation and interaction mechanism of cyclotetramethylenete-tranitramine (HMX) by a newly isolated bacteria. In this study, a bacterial strain (Bacillus aryabhattai) with high efficiency for HMX degradation was used as the test organism to analyze the changes in growth status, cell function, and mineral metabolism following exposure to different stress concentrations (0 and 5 mg L-1) of HMX. Non-targeted metabonomics was used to reveal the metabolic response of this strain to HMX stress. The results showed that when the HMX concentration was 5 mg L-1, the removal rate of HMX within 24 h of inoculation with Bacillus aryabhatta was as high as 90.5%, the OD600 turbidity was 1.024, and the BOD5 was 225 mg L-1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the morphology of bacteria was not obvious Variety, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the cell surface -OH functional groups drifted, and ICP-MS showed that the cell mineral element metabolism was disturbed. Non-targeted metabonomics showed that HMX induced the differential expression of 254 metabolites (133 upregulated and 221 downregulated). The main differentially expressed metabolites during HMX stress were lipids and lipid-like molecules, and the most significantly affected metabolic pathway was purine metabolism. At the same time, the primary metabolic network of bacteria was disordered. These results confirmed that Bacillus aryabhattai has a high tolerance to HMX and can efficiently degrade HMX. The degradation mechanism involves the extracellular decomposition of HMX and transformation of the degradation products into intracellular purines, amino sugars, and nucleoside sugars that then participate in cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jin-Long Lai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Meng-Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yong-Bing Zhu
- National NBC National Key Laboratory of Civilian Protection, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - San-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
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11
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Liu NX, Mu L, Ding R, Zhu YB, Li S, Xie H, Yan R, Peng J, Chen JL. Measurements of neutral particle energy spectrum on EAST using a time-of-flight low-energy neutral particle analyzer. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:063507. [PMID: 34243563 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The neutral particles generated by charge exchange reactions can play an important role in erosion of first wall materials in fusion devices. In order to measure the flux and energy of neutral particles to the first wall, a low-energy neutral particle analyzer (LENPA) based on the time-of-flight method has been developed and successfully applied on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST)' to measure the neutrals with an energy of 20-3000 eV. The LENPA works in the counting mode, and the signal of photons is used as the reference for the flight time of neutrals. The energy spectrum of low-energy neutral particles on EAST has been obtained for the first time. The new diagnostics can help in understanding the neutral particle generation and deposition on the first wall materials in tokamaks under different plasma conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N X Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Mu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - R Ding
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - S Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Xie
- Advanced Energy Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - R Yan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Peng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J L Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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12
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Huang XL, Zhang YP, Zhu YB, Li X, He L, Li YX, Zhou J, Cheng SK, Yang YM, Bai RH, Zhao X, Tao RY, Chen B, Dai LL, Zeng GQ, Liu Y, Liu MS. Toroidal soft x-ray array on the EXL-50 spherical tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:053501. [PMID: 34243359 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A toroidal soft x-ray array system for spectrum and intensity measurements on the EXL-50 spherical tokamak is described. Silicon drift detectors and digital multichannel analyzers are adopted for all 21 channels of the array, and an average energy resolution of 147 eV at 5.89 keV has been achieved at count rates over 500 kcps. In total, 20 channels of the array are symmetrically observed in both co- and counter-current directions on the EXL-50 mid-plane with a spatial resolution of around 10 cm, and the remaining one serves as a background reference channel. Tungsten emissions from tungsten coating of the limiters on the central post are observed. The influence of hard x rays on measured soft x-ray spectra and system operation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Y P Zhang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - X Li
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L He
- Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Y X Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - J Zhou
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - S K Cheng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Y M Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - R H Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - X Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - R Y Tao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - B Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - L L Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - G Q Zeng
- Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Y Liu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M S Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
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13
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Cheng SK, Zhu YB, Chen ZY, Li YX, Bai RH, Chen B, Huang XL, Dai LL, Liu MS. Tangential hard x-ray diagnostic array on the EXL-50 spherical tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:043513. [PMID: 34243380 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A tangential hard x-ray (HXR) diagnostic on the newly constructed ENN XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) spherical tokamak for fast electron emission studies is presented. The HXR detection system consists of a symmetrical CdZnTe semiconductor detector array with a spectral sensitivity range of 20-300 keV. 25 channels have been designed on the 270° horizontal vacuum port with 12 sight lines to observe the forward emission, 12 sight lines to observe the backward emission of fast electrons, and 1 for viewing the central. Currently, ten channels have been in operation in the EXL-50 experiments. The systems are designed to measure the x-ray spectra for the estimation of fast electron temperature and electron velocity distribution in the EXL-50 experiment, which will be useful for understanding the dynamics of fast electrons generated by electron cyclotron resonance heating, for plasma instability and transport studies and for the analysis of plasma heating efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Cheng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - Z Y Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Y X Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - R H Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - B Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - X L Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - L L Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
| | - M S Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
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14
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Yu HJ, Zhu YB, Qiu LX. [Clinical study on bilamina cortical grafting technique for reconstruction of severely atrophic alveolar ridges in anterior maxillae]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 55:838-844. [PMID: 33171556 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200623-00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and long-term outcome of the bilaminar cortical wall building grafting technique for reconstruction of vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge defects in the esthetic zone. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted between January, 2007 and December, 2015. The sample was composed of 24 patients who received bilaminar cortical wall building augmentation in the esthetic zone in Department of Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School of Stomatology. The 24 patients (11 female and 13 male) had age of (37.8±13.4) years (20-54 years). A bone block harvested from the lateral aspect of the mandibular ramus was bisected into two cortical laminae, which were then used to reconstruct the buccal and palatal walls of an alveolar ridge defect. The inter-laminar space was filled with particulate autogenous bone and the whole graft was covered with anorganic bone graft and collagen membrane. Bone width and vertical measurements were measured at the time of surgery and reentry surgery. Integration of the graft, implant survival rates and complications were recorded. Results: Overall, 24 patients with 35 sites who were included were followed for (7.1±1.9) years. Graft integration (24/24) and implant survival rates (35/35) were determined as 100%. The average horizontal and vertical bone gain was (6.47±2.46) and (5.01±1.12) mm with resorption rates of 9.0% and 10.9%, respectively. One patient showed soft-tissue dehiscence with peri-implant mucositis were observed 9 years after surgery. More than 1.5 mm of buccal bone plate were observed using cone beam computed tomography. Conclusions: This technique was effective and reliable for three-dimensional reconstruction of severely atrophic alveolar ridges in anterior maxillae. Autogenous graft combined with coverage by allogeneic bone graft and collagen membrane provided successful augmentation with low bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Yu
- Department of Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - L X Qiu
- Department of Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
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15
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Han Z, Gui Z, Zhu YB, Qin P, Zhang BP, Zhang W, Huang L, Liu W. The Electronic Transport Channel Protection and Tuning in Real Space to Boost the Thermoelectric Performance of Mg 3+δ Sb 2-y Bi y near Room Temperature. Research (Wash D C) 2020; 2020:1672051. [PMID: 32190833 PMCID: PMC7064820 DOI: 10.34133/2020/1672051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of thermoelectric materials involves the decoupling of the transport of electrons and phonons. In this work, an increased Mg1-Mg2 distance, together with the carrier conduction network protection, has been shown as an effective strategy to increase the weighted mobility (U = μm∗3/2) and hence thermoelectric power factor of Mg3+δSb2-yBiy family near room temperature. Mg3+δSb0.5Bi1.5 has a high carrier mobility of 247 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a record power factor of 3470 μW m−1 K−2 at room temperature. Considering both efficiency and power density, Mg3+δSb1.0Bi1.0 with a high average ZT of 1.13 and an average power factor of 3184 μW m−1 K−2 in the temperature range of 50-250°C would be a strong candidate to replace the conventional n-type thermoelectric material Bi2Te2.7Se0.3. The protection of the transport channel through Mg sublattice means alloying on Sb sublattice has little effect on electron while it significantly reduces phonon thermal conductivity, providing us an approach to decouple electron and phonon transport for better thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 10083, China
| | - Zhigang Gui
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo-Ping Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 10083, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weishu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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16
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Zhu YB, Xi XM. [Ethical issues in critical care medicine]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:2721-2724. [PMID: 31550792 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.35.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - X M Xi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
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17
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Liu LN, Zhang XJ, Zhu YB, Qin CM, Zhao YP, Yuan S, Mao YZ, Li MH, Chen Y, Cheng J, Ping LL, Li H, Ai L. Ion cyclotron emission diagnostic system on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak and first detection of energetic-particle-driven radiation. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:063504. [PMID: 31255010 DOI: 10.1063/1.5089537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A passive and noninvasive diagnostic system based on high-frequency B-dot probes (HFBs) has been designed and developed for the measurement and identification of ion cyclotron emission (ICE) in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Details of the hardware components of this system including HFBs, direct current blockers, radio frequency splitters, filters, and power detectors as well as data acquisition systems are presented. A spectrum analyzer is used in addition to the ordinary speed acquisition card for data registration and analysis. The reliability of a HFB based diagnostic system has been well validated during the 2018 spring experiments on the EAST. ICE signals corresponding to fundamental cyclotron frequency of hydrogen ions and harmonics of deuterium ions were observed in experiments where deuterium plasmas were heated with deuterium neutral beams. The field dependence of ICE has been verified by recent experiments with three different background magnetic fields. The observed ratio of the ICE frequency is consistent with the ratio of the magnetic field intensity within measurement errors of a few percent.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X J Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - C M Qin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y P Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Yuan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Z Mao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - M H Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Cheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L L Ping
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Ai
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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18
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Yu HJ, Zhu YB, Wang X, Qiu LX. [Analysis of risk factors of 19 fractured implants]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 53:815-820. [PMID: 30522204 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the incidence and possible risk factors of 19 fractured implants out of 8 468 implants in 3 184 cases. Methods: During the 22-year clinical practice, clinical records of 18 patients with 19 fractured implants in 3 184 cases with 8 468 implants were analyzed to determine the following factors: location of the fractured implants, prosthodontics option, date of implant fracture, dimensions of fractured implants, complications prior to implant fracture and parafunctional habit. An evaluation of fractured implants was performed to identify possible factors that may predispose an implant to a higher risk of fracture. Results: Overall, the average duration of service of the implants was (7.0±4.5) years. Implant fracture occurred in 7 Camlog implants, 7 Nobel replace implants, 3 Ankylos implants and 2 Brånemark implants. No Thommen implant fractures were recorded. Amongst the 19 fractured implants, 8 occurred at the thinnest wall portion of the implant neck, 8 at the end of screw and 3 at the self-tapping thread region. All fractures were observed after functional loading. Furthermore, 9/19 (47.4%) of fractures occurred in the maxilla, indicating similar incidence rates in both arches (P=0.065). Most of fractures (16/19) occurred in the molar region and 18/19 in single implant-supported restorations. Totally 17 cases had received metal occlusal restorations. In 6 cases (35.5%), previous bone destruction apically extending to the level of implant fracture was documented before any clinical signs of fracture. Three fractured implants were removed and simultaneously re-implanted with larger-diameter implants, while the rest of the cases were left to heal, followed by a second-stage surgery. Conclusions: Within the limitation of this analysis, the study demonstrated that appropriate implant-abutment connection design, implant diameter, prosthetic strategy and bone resorption are crucial to the long-term performance of implants. There is no significant difference of fractures rates in both archs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Yu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - L X Qiu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
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19
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Liu Y, Li F, Yang YT, Xu XD, Chen JS, Chen TL, Chen HJ, Zhu YB, Lin JY, Li Y, Xie XM, Sun XL, Ke YQ. IGFBP2 promotes vasculogenic mimicry formation via regulating CD144 and MMP2 expression in glioma. Oncogene 2018; 38:1815-1831. [PMID: 30368528 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the fluid-conducting channels formed by aggressive tumor cells rather than endothelial cells (EC) with elevated expression of genes associated with vascularization. VM has been considered as one of the reasons that glioblastoma becomes resistant to anti-VEGF therapy. However, the molecular basis underlying VM formation remains unclear. Here we report that the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) acts as a potent factor to enhance VM formation in glioma. Evidence showed that elevated IGFBP2 expression was positively related with VM formation in patients with glioma. Enforced expression of IGFBP2 increased network formation of glioma cells in vitro by activating CD144 and MMP2 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 2). U251 cells with stable knockdown of IGFBP2 led to decreased VM formation and tumor progression in orthotopic mouse model. Mechanistically, IGFBP2 interacts with integrin α5 and β1 subunits and augments CD144 expression in a FAK/ERK pathway-dependent manner. Luciferase reporter and ChIP assay suggested that IGFBP2 activated the transcription factor SP1, which could bind to CD144 promoter. Thus, IGFBP2 acts as a stimulator of VM formation in glioma cells via enhancing CD144 and MMP2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y T Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - X D Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - J S Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - T L Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - H J Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Y Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - X M Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - X L Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Y Q Ke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China.
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20
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Zhu YB, Qiu LX, Chen L, Gao M, Yu HJ, Wang J. [Clinical evaluation of socket shield technique in maxillary anterior region]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 53:665-668. [PMID: 30392222 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the preliminary clinical outcome of socket shield technique in maxillary anterior region. Methods: Nine patients were treated with socket shield technique in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from February 2012 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. Ten implants were placed and restored immediately. After 12-48 months' follow-up (averaged 32 months), the peri-implant hard and soft tissue were clinically evaluated. Results: No implants were lost during the observation period, resulting a cumulate 32-month survival. The pink esthetic score (PES) was 13.5. Mesial and distal bone loss were 0.17 mm and 0.22 mm respectively. Conclusions: To achieve good esthetic results, socket shield technique may be an option for maxillary anterior region immediate implant placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - L X Qiu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - L Chen
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - M Gao
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - H J Yu
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
| | - J Wang
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100025, China
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21
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Zhang J, Huang J, Chang JF, Wu CR, Heidbrink WW, Salewski M, Madsen B, Zhu YB, von Hellermann MG, Gao W, Xu Z, Wan B. Fast ion D-alpha measurements using a bandpass-filtered system on EAST. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10D121. [PMID: 30399922 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Based on the charge exchange reaction between fast ions and a neutral beam, fast ion features can be inferred from the spectrum of Doppler-shifted Balmer-alpha light from energetic hydrogenic atoms. In order to study the interaction between instabilities and fast-ion transport, recently we extended the fast ion D-alpha (FIDA) measurements by using a combination of a bandpass filter and a photomultiplier tube (PMT) (f-FIDA). A bandpass filter selects the desired spectral band from 651 nm to 654 nm before detection by the PMT. Preliminary data from the EAST tokamak show that the active signals have been detected from reneutralized beam ions along the vertical and tangential viewing geometries. The details will be presented in this paper to primarily address the specifications and performance of f-FIDA hardware components and preliminary FIDA measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - C R Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - W W Heidbrink
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M Salewski
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - B Madsen
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | | | - W Gao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z Xu
- Advanced Energy Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - B Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
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Mu L, Ding R, Zhu YB, Chen JL, Li S. Development of a time-of-flight low-energy neutral particle analyzer for EAST tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10I117. [PMID: 30399759 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To understand the erosion effect of neutral particles on the first wall, a low energy neutral particle analyzer (LENPA), based on the time-of-flight method, has been developed for the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The LENPA to be installed in the EAST mid-plane mainly consists of a chopper sub-system, a 3 m long flight tube, two sets of detector assemblies, and data acquisition and processing, vacuum, power supply, and control sub-systems. The neutral outflux is gated in bunches of 1 μs time scale by a slotted rotating disc which is driven by a vacuum compatible motor modified from a turbomolecular pump. A He-Ne laser beam is projected through the disc slit to record the instants of chopper slits opening with an avalanche photodiode module. An on-axis electron multiplier detects chopped neutrals, and a central perforated Cu-Be plate is employed to channel the emitted secondary electrons into an off-axis electron multiplier. The radiation peaks of on-axis electron multiplier caused by UV photons projected through the central hole of the Cu-Be plate provide an alternative way to record the chopper slits' opening time. With an additional 4 TB fast memory card, 1 GS/s sampling rate has been realized by using a GaGe acquisition card continuously. The LENPA data from the EAST together with neutral particle material erosion experiments will be used to benchmark the simulation results for better predictions on future fusion reactors, such as ITER and China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - R Ding
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - J L Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - S Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
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Zhu YB, Liu JS, Wang LQ, Guan X, Luo YJ, Geng J, Geng QG, Lin YJ, Zhang LX, Li XX, Lu YP. [Initial study of transthoracic echocardiography guided three-dimensional printing on the application of assessment of structural heart disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:2280-2283. [PMID: 28780843 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.29.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feasibility and diagnostic value of preoperative transthoracic echocardiography guided three dimensional printing model (TTE Guided 3DPM) on the assessment of structural heart disease (SHD). Methods: From February 2016 to October 2016, 44 patients underwent cardiac surgery in Tianjin Chest Hospital, forty-four patients were assessed preoperatively using TTE Guided 3DPM, including 25 males and 19 females, aged 3-75 years, with an average of (44±22) years. compared to conventional three dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D-TTE), and took direct intraoperative findings as "Golden Standard" simultaneously. There are twelve patients with SHD, including four cases with mitral prolapse, two cases with partial endocardial cushion defect, two cases with secondary atrial septal defect, two cases with rheumatic mitral stenosis, one case with tetralogy of Fallot, one case with ventricular septal defect (VSD), thirty-two patients without SHD were designed as negative control. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of TTE Guided 3DPM were greater than or equal to 3D-TTE, P value of McNemar test of 3D-TTE was greater than 0.05, the difference was not statistically significant, kappa=0.745, P<0.01, indicated that the results of 3DTTE and the gold standard were generally consistent.P value of McNemar test of TTE Guided 3DPM was greater than 0.05, the difference was not statistically significant, kappa=0.955, P<0.01, indicated that the results of TTE Guided 3DPM and gold standards were consistent. Compared with 3D-TTE and TTE Guided 3DPM, P value was greater than 0.05, the difference was not statistically significant, kappa=0.879, P<0.01, indicated that the results of 3D-TTE and TTE Guided 3DPM were consistent. TTE Guided 3DPM displayed the three-dimensional structure of SHD cardiac lesions clearly, which were consistent with intraoperative findings. Conclusion: TTE Guided 3DPM provides essential information for the preoperative evaluation and decision of SHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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24
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Dong L, Shi YK, Xu JP, Zhang EY, Liu JC, Li YX, Ni YM, Yang Q, Han T, Fu B, Chen J, Ren L, Wei SL, Chen H, Liu KX, Yu FX, Liu JS, Xiao MD, Wu SM, Zhang KL, Huang HL, Jiang SL, Qiao CH, Wang CS, Xu ZY, Zhou XM, Wang DJ, Ni LX, Xiao YB, Jiang SL, Zhang GM, Liang GY, Yang SY, Bo P, Zhong QJ, Zhang JB, Zhang X, Zhu YB, Teng X, Zhu P, Huang F, Xiao YM, Cao GQ, Tian H, Xia LM, Lu FL, Liu YQ, Liu DX, Xu H, Yuan Y, Li M, Chang C, Wu XC, Xu Z, Guo P, Bai YJ, Xue WB, Jiang XY, Na ZH, Zeng QY, Cai H, Wang YL, Xiong R, Jin S, Zheng XM, Wu D. [The multicenter study on the registration and follow-up of low anticoagulation therapy for the heart valve operation in China]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 96:1489-94. [PMID: 27266493 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.19.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the optimal anticoagulation methods and monitoring strategy for Chinese patients undergoing heart valve replacement, which is potentially quite different from western populations. METHODS In this multicenter prospective cohort study, the anticoagulation and monitoring strategy data was acquired from 25 773 in-hospital patients in 35 medical centers and 20 519 patients in outpatient clinic in 11 medical centers from January 1st, 2011 to December 31th, 2015. RESULTS As for in-hospital patients, mean age of study population was (48.6±11.2) years old; main etiology of valve pathology was rheumatic (87.5%) origin among study cohort; 94.8% of study population received mechanical valve implantation; international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring (in all the study centers) and low-intensity anticoagulation strategy (31 hospitals chose target INR range of 1.5-2.5, and actual values of INR among 89.2% of 100 069 in-hospital monitoring samples were 1.5-2.5), with mean actual INR values of 1.84±0.53, and warfarin dosage of (2.82±0.93) mg/d were widely adopted among the study centers; strategies of in-hospital warfarin administration were similar in all the study centers; complication rates of low-intensity anticoagulation strategy were low in severe hemorrhage (0.02%), thrombosis (0.05%), and thromboembolism (0.05%) events, without anticoagulation-related death.As for 18 974 outpatient clinic patients, the follow-up rate was 92.47%, with a total of 30 012 patient-years (Pty). Anticoagulation-related morbidity and mortality rates were 0.67% and 0.15% Pty; major hemorrhage morbidity and mortality rates were 0.25% and 0.13% Pty; thromboembolism morbidity and mortality rates were 0.45% and 0.03% Pty.The mean dosage of warfarin daily dosage was (2.85±1.23) mg/d and INR value was 1.82±0.57.No significant regional difference in the intensity of anticoagulation therapy was noted during the study. CONCLUSIONS INR can be used as a normalized indicator for intensity of anticoagulation therapy in China.The optimal anticoagulation intensity with INR range from 1.5 to 2.5 is safe and effective for Chinese patients with heart valve replacement, and there is no significant regional difference in the intensity of anticoagulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Li XL, Yao Y, Yang BY, Xu LJ, Liu B, Che M, Zhu YB, Wu XJ, Wu DP. [The role of Tim-3 mRNA in acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2017; 37:469-73. [PMID: 27431070 PMCID: PMC7348329 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
目的 探讨T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白结构域分子3(Tim-3)mRNA表达在异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)中的作用。 方法 回顾性分析100例allo-HSCT患者,根据患者aGVHD状态[0(未发生)~Ⅰ度aGVHD组、Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD治疗前组、Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD治疗好转组]及移植后不同阶段(+14~+30 d、+31~+60 d、+61~+100 d)比较各组外周血单个核细胞Tim-3 mRNA及血浆IFN-γ、IL-2水平。 结果 0~Ⅰ度aGVHD患者+31~+60 d Tim-3 mRNA相对定量(7.24±2.79)明显高于+14~+30 d(4.60±1.66)及+61~+100 d(3.86±1.36)(P值均<0.05);+14~+30 d、+31~+60 d、+61~+100 d Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD治疗前组的Tim-3 mRNA水平分别为9.54±3.05、10.14± 3.28、12.82±4.20,+14~+30 d、+61~+100 d,均高于0~Ⅰ度aGVHD组及治疗好转组;+31~+60 d Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD治疗前组明显高于治疗好转组(2.49±0.89),与0~Ⅰ度aGVHD组(7.24±2.79)相比差异无统计学意义;Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD组中Tim-3 mRNA水平在不同aGVHD程度、不同脏器之间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅱ~Ⅳ度aGVHD治疗前组血浆IFN-γ、IL-2水平明显高于其他各组,治疗好转组血浆IFN-γ、IL-2水平与0~Ⅰ度aGVHD组比较差异无统计学意义。 结论 Tim-3在aGVHD的发生过程中发挥着重要作用。
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center, Suzhou 215006, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - D P Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center, Suzhou 215006, China
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Hou YM, Wu CR, Huang J, Heidbrink WW, von Hellermann MG, Xu Z, Jin Z, Chang JF, Zhu YB, Gao W, Chen YJ, Lyu B, Hu RJ, Zhang PF, Zhang L, Gao W, Wu ZW, Yu Y, Ye MY. Fast-ion D α spectrum diagnostic in the EAST. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E552. [PMID: 27910605 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In toroidal magnetic fusion devices, fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic (FIDA) is a powerful method to study the fast-ion feature. The fast-ion characteristics can be inferred from the Doppler shifted spectrum of Dα light according to charge exchange recombination process between fast ions and probe beam. Since conceptual design presented in the last HTPD conference, significant progress has been made to apply FIDA systems on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Both co-current and counter-current neutral beam injectors are available, and each can deliver 2-4 MW beam power with 50-80 keV beam energy. Presently, two sets of high throughput spectrometer systems have been installed on EAST, allowing to capture passing and trapped fast-ion characteristics simultaneously, using Kaiser HoloSpec transmission grating spectrometer and Bunkoukeiki FLP-200 volume phase holographic spectrometer coupled with Princeton Instruments ProEM 1024B eXcelon and Andor DU-888 iXon3 1024 CCD camera, respectively. This paper will present the details of the hardware descriptions and experimental spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Hou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - C R Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - J Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - W W Heidbrink
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M G von Hellermann
- Diagnostic Team, ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, Saint Paul Lez Durance 13067, France
| | - Z Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Z Jin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - W Gao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y J Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - B Lyu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - R J Hu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - P F Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - L Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - W Gao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Z W Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y Yu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - M Y Ye
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Liu D, Heidbrink WW, Tritz K, Fredrickson ED, Hao GZ, Zhu YB. Compact and multi-view solid state neutral particle analyzer arrays on National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D803. [PMID: 27910528 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A compact and multi-view solid state neutral particle analyzer (SSNPA) diagnostic based on silicon photodiode arrays has been successfully tested on the National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade. The SSNPA diagnostic provides spatially, temporally, and pitch-angle resolved measurements of fast-ion distribution by detecting fast neutral flux resulting from the charge exchange (CX) reactions. The system consists of three 16-channel subsystems: t-SSNPA viewing the plasma mid-radius and neutral beam (NB) line #2 tangentially, r-SSNPA viewing the plasma core and NB line #1 radially, and p-SSNPA with no intersection with any NB lines. Due to the setup geometry, the active CX signals of t-SSNPA and r-SSNPA are mainly sensitive to passing and trapped particles, respectively. In addition, both t-SSNPA and r-SSNPA utilize three vertically stacked arrays with different filter thicknesses to obtain coarse energy information. The experimental data show that all channels are operational. The signal to noise ratio is typically larger than 10, and the main noise is x-ray induced signal. The active and passive CX signals are clearly observed on t-SSNPA and r-SSNPA during NB modulation. The SSNPA data also indicate significant losses of passing particles during sawteeth, while trapped particles are weakly affected. Fluctuations up to 120 kHz have been observed on SSNPA, and they are strongly correlated with magnetohydrodynamics instabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liu
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - W W Heidbrink
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - K Tritz
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - E D Fredrickson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - G Z Hao
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Y B Zhu
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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Zhang JZ, Zhu YB, Zhao JL, Wan BN, Li JG, Heidbrink WW. First results from solid state neutral particle analyzer on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D834. [PMID: 27910466 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Full function integrated, compact solid state neutral particle analyzers (ssNPA) based on absolute extreme ultraviolet silicon photodiode have been successfully implemented on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak to measure energetic particle. The ssNPA system has been operated in advanced current mode with fast temporal and spatial resolution capabilities, with both active and passive charge exchange measurements. It is found that the ssNPA flux signals are increased substantially with neutral beam injection (NBI). The horizontal active array responds to modulated NBI beam promptly, while weaker change is presented on passive array. Compared to near-perpendicular beam, near-tangential beam brings more passive ssNPA flux and a broader profile, while no clear difference is observed on active ssNPA flux and its profile. Significantly enhanced intensities on some ssNPA channels have been observed during ion cyclotron resonant heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - J L Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J G Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W W Heidbrink
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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Huang J, Heidbrink WW, von Hellermann MG, Stagner L, Wu CR, Hou YM, Chang JF, Ding SY, Chen YJ, Zhu YB, Jin Z, Xu Z, Gao W, Wang JF, Lyu B, Zang Q, Zhong GQ, Hu L, Wan B. Validation of fast-ion D-alpha spectrum measurements during EAST neutral-beam heated plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E542. [PMID: 27910390 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the fast ion behavior, a fast ion D-alpha (FIDA) diagnostic system has been installed on EAST. Fast ion features can be inferred from the Doppler shifted spectrum of Balmer-alpha light from energetic hydrogenic atoms. This paper will focus on the validation of FIDA measurements performed using MHD-quiescent discharges in 2015 campaign. Two codes have been applied to calculate the Dα spectrum: one is a Monte Carlo code, Fortran 90 version FIDASIM, and the other is an analytical code, Simulation of Spectra (SOS). The predicted SOS fast-ion spectrum agrees well with the measurement; however, the level of fast-ion part from FIDASIM is lower. The discrepancy is possibly due to the difference between FIDASIM and SOS velocity distribution function. The details will be presented in the paper to primarily address comparisons of predicted and observed spectrum shapes/amplitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - W W Heidbrink
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M G von Hellermann
- Diagnostic Team, ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - L Stagner
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - C R Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Y M Hou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - S Y Ding
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Y J Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Z Jin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - W Gao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J F Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - B Lyu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Q Zang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - B Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zhong GQ, Hu LQ, Pu N, Zhou RJ, Xiao M, Cao HR, Zhu YB, Li K, Fan TS, Peng XY, Du TF, Ge LJ, Huang J, Xu GS, Wan BN. Status of neutron diagnostics on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D820. [PMID: 27910514 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutron diagnostics have become a significant means to study energetic particles in high power auxiliary heating plasmas on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Several kinds of neutron diagnostic systems have been implemented for time-resolved measurements of D-D neutron flux, fluctuation, emission profile, and spectrum. All detectors have been calibrated in laboratory, and in situ calibration using 252Cf neutron source in EAST is in preparation. A new technology of digitized pulse signal processing is adopted in a wide dynamic range neutron flux monitor, compact recoil proton spectrometer, and time of flight spectrometer. Improvements will be made continuously to the system to achieve better adaptation to the EAST's harsh γ-ray and electro-magnetic radiation environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - N Pu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - R J Zhou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - M Xiao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - H R Cao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - K Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - T S Fan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Chengfu Road 201, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - X Y Peng
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Chengfu Road 201, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - T F Du
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Chengfu Road 201, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - L J Ge
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Chengfu Road 201, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - J Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
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Yin N, Wang ZX, Zhu YB, Xie J, Deng SM, Zhang B, Wu YW. [Clinical value of changes of SUVmax in series 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging before and after chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:2786-2790. [PMID: 27686543 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.35.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of changes of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in series 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging before and after chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: From July 2008 to July 2014, a total of 18 patients with pathological confirmed advanced NSCLC who received systemic chemotherapy were enrolled.18F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed before, 3-4 weeks after 2-4 cycles chemotherapy, 3-4 weeks after the end of chemotherapy for all patients, and added fourth scan for 3 patients 1 year later.The SUVmax of region of interesting was calculated.The histological diagnosis or clinical findings in a 36 months follow-up period served as the standard of control. Results: New metastases foci were found by 18F-FDG PET/CT scans before chemotherapy in 7 of 18 patients.The plans of chemotherapy for 5 patients were changed as therapeutic responses were evaluated according to changes of SUVmax.Targeted therapy was added for 2 patients after the end of chemotherapy.There was a statistically significant difference in outcome of survival analysis between patients performed PET/CT scans and non-performed (P<0.05). Conclusion: Changes of SUVmax in series 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging before and after chemotherapy could be used to evaluate therapeutic response and effectively predict survival in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yin
- *Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the mutation site and phenotype of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene in a DMD family. The DMD gene is by far the largest known gene in humans. Up to 34% of the point mutations reported to date affect splice sites of the DMD gene. However, no hotspot mutation has been reported. Capture sequencing of second-generation exons was used to investigate the DMD gene in a proband. Sanger sequencing was performed for mutation scanning in eight family members. Scale-invariant feature transform and PolyPhen were applied to predict the functional impact of protein mutations. A hemizygous splicing mutation IVS44ds +1G-A (c.6438 +1G>A) that induces abnormal splicing variants during late transcription and produces abnormal proteins was located in intron 44. Four missense mutations (p.Arg2937Gln, p.Asp882Gly, p.Lys2366Gln, and p.Arg1745His) that are known multiple-polymorphic sites were found in the coding region of the DMD gene. A heterozygous c.6438+1G>A mutation was detected on the X chromosome of the proband's mother and maternal grandmother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Provincial Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - J H Gan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - J W Luo
- Provincial Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - X Y Zheng
- Provincial Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - S C Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - D Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Collins CS, Heidbrink WW, Austin ME, Kramer GJ, Pace DC, Petty CC, Stagner L, Van Zeeland MA, White RB, Zhu YB. Observation of Critical-Gradient Behavior in Alfvén-Eigenmode-Induced Fast-Ion Transport. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:095001. [PMID: 26991180 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.095001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Experiments in the DIII-D tokamak show that fast-ion transport suddenly becomes stiff above a critical threshold in the presence of many overlapping small-amplitude Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). The threshold is phase-space dependent and occurs when particle orbits become stochastic due to resonances with AEs. Above threshold, equilibrium fast-ion density profiles are unchanged despite increased drive, and intermittent fast-ion losses are observed. Fast-ion Dα spectroscopy indicates radially localized transport of the copassing population at radii that correspond to the location of midcore AEs. The observation of stiff fast-ion transport suggests that reduced models can be used to effectively predict alpha profiles, beam ion profiles, and losses to aid in the design of optimized scenarios for future burning plasma devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Collins
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - W W Heidbrink
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M E Austin
- University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - G J Kramer
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - D C Pace
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - C C Petty
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - L Stagner
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M A Van Zeeland
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - R B White
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Y B Zhu
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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Wang JX, Xu J, Han YF, Zhu YB, Zhang WJ. Diagnostic values of microRNA-31 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells for pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese patients. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:17235-43. [PMID: 26681217 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.16.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the diagnostic values of microRNA-31 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese patients. Sixty-five children with TB were selected for this study, which was conducted at the Department of Infectious Diseases People's Hospital of Laiwu City between December 2013 and December 2014. Sixty healthy children, selected in parallel, served as the control group. Real-time PCR was used to detect miR-31 expression in PBMCs. Serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and IFN-γ was detected by ELISA. ROC curve was employed to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-31 in pediatric TB. Results show that expression of miRNA-31 in pediatric TB patients was significantly lower than that in normal children (0.48 ± 0.15 vs 1.23 ± 0.36, P < 0.05). By contrast, serum levels of the innate immune response cytokines, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and IFN-γ, were significantly higher in pediatric TB patients compared with normal children (P < 0.05). Furthermore, miRNA-31 expression was negatively correlated with serum levels of IL-6 (t = 69.91, P < 0.001), TNF-α (t = 10.96, P < 0.001), NF-κB (t = 39.94, P < 0.001), and IFN -γ (t = 37.94, P < 0.001). The cut-off threshold of miR-31 for pediatric TB diagnosis is 0.835 with a sensitivity of 98.5% and a specificity of 86.7%. Therefore, miR-31 has the potential to be a diagnostic marker in pediatric TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Wang
- Infectious Diseases Branch, Laiwu City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Laiwu, Shandong, China
| | - J Xu
- Infectious Diseases Branch, Laiwu City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Laiwu, Shandong, China
| | - Y F Han
- Infectious Diseases Branch, Laiwu City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Laiwu, Shandong, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Infectious Diseases Branch, Laiwu City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Laiwu, Shandong, China
| | - W J Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Branch, Laiwu City People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Laiwu, Shandong, China
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35
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Li YL, Xu GS, Tritz K, Zhu YB, Wan BN, Lan H, Liu YL, Wei J, Zhang W, Hu GH, Wang HQ, Duan YM, Zhao JL, Wang L, Liu SC, Ye Y, Li J, Lin X, Li XL. Edge multi-energy soft x-ray diagnostic in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:123512. [PMID: 26724032 DOI: 10.1063/1.4938155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A multi-energy soft x-ray (ME-SXR) diagnostic has been built for electron temperature profile in the edge plasma region in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) after two rounds of campaigns. Originally, five preamplifiers were mounted inside the EAST vacuum vessel chamber attached to five vertically stacked compact diode arrays. A custom mechanical structure was designed to protect the detectors and electronics under constraints of the tangential field of view for plasma edge and the allocation of space. In the next experiment, the mechanical structure was redesigned with a barrel structure to absolutely isolate it from the vacuum vessel. Multiple shielding structures were mounted at the pinhole head to protect the metal foils from lithium coating. The pre-amplifiers were moved to the outside of the vacuum chamber to avoid introducing interference. Twisted copper cooling tube was embedded into the back-shell near the diode to limit the temperature of the preamplifiers and diode arrays during vacuum vessel baking when the temperature reached 150 °C. Electron temperature profiles were reconstructed from ME-SXR measurements using neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - K Tritz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - H Lan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J Wei
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G H Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - H Q Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Duan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - S C Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Ye
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
We have developed a two-dimensional (2D) non-uniform model to study the space charge limited (SCL) current injection into a trap-filled solid of nano-contact, such as organic materials and dielectrics. Assuming a solid of length D with a contact of width W, the enhancement over the well-known 1D uniform model is calculated as a function of W/D for different material properties, such as the dielectric constant (ε) and the trap distribution. The non-uniform current density profile due to edge effect is predicted. The findings reported here are different from the prior uniform 2D models, which are significant for small W/D when the size of the contact reaching nanometer scale, i.e. W = 50 nm for D = 1 μm. This model will be useful for the characterization of carrier mobility and properties of traps, which are critical to many novel devices (with small nano-contact) operating in the space charge limited condition reporting in novel device and its applications. Empirical formulas are given for future comparison with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Engineering Produce Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 639798
| | - L K Ang
- Engineering Produce Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 639798
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37
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Liu D, Heidbrink WW, Tritz K, Zhu YB, Roquemore AL, Medley SS. Design of solid state neutral particle analyzer array for National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E105. [PMID: 25430284 DOI: 10.1063/1.4889913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new compact, multi-channel Solid State Neutral Particle Analyzer (SSNPA) diagnostic based on silicon photodiode array has been designed and is being fabricated for the National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade (NSTX-U). The SSNPA system utilizes a set of vertically stacked photodiode arrays in current mode viewing the same plasma region with different filter thickness to obtain fast temporal resolution (∼120 kHz bandwidth) and coarse energy information in three bands of >25 keV, >45 keV, and >65 keV. The SSNPA system consists of 15 radial sightlines that intersect existing on-axis neutral beams at major radii between 90 and 130 cm, 15 tangential sightlines that intersect new off-axis neutral beams at major radii between 120 and 145 cm. These two subsystems aim at separating the response of passing and trapped fast ions. In addition, one photodiode array whose viewing area does not intersect any neutral beams is used to monitor passive signals produced by fast ions that charge exchange with background neutrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - W W Heidbrink
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - K Tritz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - A L Roquemore
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - S S Medley
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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38
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Origasa H, Zhu YB. Mental Component of the Quality of Life Increased According to the Level of Obesity. Value Health 2014; 17:A764. [PMID: 27202799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Origasa
- University of Toyama School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Y B Zhu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zhu YB, Zhang JZ, Qi MZ, Xia SB, Liu D, Heidbrink WW, Wan BN, Li JG. Development of an integrated energetic neutral particle measurement system on experimental advanced full superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E107. [PMID: 25430286 DOI: 10.1063/1.4886431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Full function integrated, compact silicon photodiode based solid state neutral particle analyzers (ssNPA) have been developed for energetic particle (EP) relevant studies on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The ssNPAs will be mostly operated in advanced current mode with a few channels to be operated in conventional pulse-counting mode, aiming to simultaneously achieve individually proved ultra-fast temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution capabilities. The design details together with considerations on EAST specific engineering realities and physics requirements are presented. The system, including a group of single detectors on two vertical ports and two 16-channel arrays on a horizontal port, can provide both active and passive charge exchange measurements. ssNPA detectors, with variable thickness of ultra thin tungsten dominated foils directly deposited on the front surface, are specially fabricated and utilized to achieve about 22 keV energy resolution for deuterium particle detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - J Z Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - M Z Qi
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S B Xia
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - W W Heidbrink
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J G Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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40
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Zhu YB, Xie XQ, Li ZY, Bai H, Dong L, Dong ZP, Dong JG. Bioinformatic analysis of the nucleotide binding site-encoding disease-resistance genes in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.). Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:6602-9. [PMID: 25177941 DOI: 10.4238/2014.august.28.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding site (NBS) disease-resistance genes are the largest category of plant disease-resistance gene analogs. The complete set of disease-resistant candidate genes, which encode the NBS sequence, was filtered in the genomes of two varieties of foxtail millet (Yugu1 and 'Zhang gu'). This study investigated a number of characteristics of the putative NBS genes, such as structural diversity and phylogenetic relationships. A total of 269 and 281 NBS-coding sequences were identified in Yugu1 and 'Zhang gu', respectively. When the two databases were compared, 72 genes were found to be identical and 164 genes showed more than 90% similarity. Physical positioning and gene family analysis of the NBS disease-resistance genes in the genome revealed that the number of genes on each chromosome was similar in both varieties. The eighth chromosome contained the largest number of genes and the ninth chromosome contained the lowest number of genes. Exactly 34 gene clusters containing the 161 genes were found in the Yugu1 genome, with each cluster containing 4.7 genes on average. In comparison, the 'Zhang gu' genome possessed 28 gene clusters, which had 151 genes, with an average of 5.4 genes in each cluster. The largest gene cluster, located on the eighth chromosome, contained 12 genes in the Yugu1 database, whereas it contained 16 genes in the 'Zhang gu' database. The classification results showed that the CC-NBS-LRR gene made up the largest part of each chromosome in the two databases. Two TIR-NBS genes were also found in the Yugu1 genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - X Q Xie
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Y Li
- Millet Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - H Bai
- Millet Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - L Dong
- Millet Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Z P Dong
- Millet Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - J G Dong
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
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Bai WL, Yin RH, Zhao SJ, Jiang WQ, Yin RL, Ma ZJ, Wang ZY, Zhu YB, Luo GB, Yang RJ, Zhao ZH. Technical note: Selection of suitable reference genes for studying gene expression in milk somatic cell of yak (Bos grunniens) during the lactation cycle. J Dairy Sci 2013; 97:902-10. [PMID: 24342693 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative real-time PCR is the most sensitive technique for gene expression analysis. Data normalization is essential to correct for potential errors incurred in all steps from RNA isolation to PCR amplification. The commonly accepted approach for normalization is the use of reference gene. Until now, no suitable reference genes have been available for data normalization of gene expression in milk somatic cells of lactating yaks across lactation. In the present study, we evaluated the transcriptional stability of 10 candidate reference genes in milk somatic cells of lactating yak, including ACTB, B2M, GAPDH, GTP, MRPL39, PPP1R11, RPS9, RPS15, UXT, and RN18S1. Four genes, RPS9, PPP1R11, UXT, and MRPL39, were identified as being the most stable genes in milk somatic cells of lactating yak. Using the combination of RPS9, PPP1R11, UXT, and MRPL39 as reference genes, we further assessed the relative expression of 4 genes of interest in milk somatic cells of yak across lactation, including ELF5, ABCG2, SREBF2, and DGAT1. Compared with expression in colostrum, the overall transcription levels of ELF5, ABCG2, and SREBF2 in milk were found to be significantly upregulated in early, peak, and late lactation, and significantly downregulated thereafter, before the dry period. A similar pattern was observed in the relative expression of DGAT1, but no significant difference was revealed in its expression in milk from late lactation compared with colostrum. Based on these results, we suggest that the geometric mean of RPS9, PPP1R11, UXT, and MRPL39 can be used for normalization of real-time PCR data in milk somatic cells of lactating yak, if similar experiments are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - R H Yin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - S J Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Academy of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - W Q Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - R L Yin
- Research Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Z J Ma
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Z Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - G B Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - R J Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Z H Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Zhu YB, Zhang P, Valfells A, Ang LK, Lau YY. Novel scaling laws for the Langmuir-Blodgett solutions in cylindrical and spherical diodes. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:265007. [PMID: 23848888 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.265007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
It is found that the Langmuir-Blodgett solutions for the space charge limited current density, for both cylindrical and spherical diodes, may be approximated by Japp=(4/9)ε0sqrt[(2e/m)](Ec3/2/sqrt[D]) over a wide range of parameters, where Ec is the surface electric field on the cathode of the vacuum diode and D is the anode-cathode spacing. This dependence is valid whether Ra/Rc is greater than or less than unity, where Ra and Rc are, respectively, the anode and cathode radius. Minor empirical corrections to the above scaling yield fitting formulas that are accurate to within 5% for 3×10(-5)<Rc/Ra<500. An explanation of this scaling is given. An accurate transit time model yields the Langmuir-Blodgett solutions even in the Coulomb blockade regime for a nanogap, where the electron number may be in the single digits, and the transit time frequency is in the THz range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 138682, Singapore
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Bai WL, Yin RH, Yang RJ, Khan WA, Ma ZJ, Zhao SJ, Jiang WQ, Wang ZY, Zhu YB, Luo GB, Zhao ZH. Technical note: identification of suitable normalizers for microRNA expression analysis in milk somatic cells of the yak (Bos grunniens). J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:4529-34. [PMID: 23684019 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA are approximately 18- to 22-nucleotide nonprotein coding molecules that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. In the present study, we assessed the suitability of 8 noncoding small RNA as normalizers for microRNA (miR) quantitative analysis in milk somatic cells of lactating yaks, including 3 small nuclear RNA (snRNA; RNU1A, RNU5A, and RNU6B), 3 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA; SNORA73A, Z30, and SNORA74A), 1 rRNA (5S), and 1 transfer RNA (Met-tRNA). The snRNA RNU1A, RNU5A, and SNORA73A were identified as the most stable references in milk somatic cells of lactating yaks. Also, a minimum of 3 reference RNA (RNU1A, RNU5A, and SNORA73A) were required for the normalization of microRNA expression data in milk somatic cells of the lactating yak. We further evaluated the suitability of the combination of RNU1A, RNU5A, and SNORA73A as reference RNA in milk somatic cells of lactating yaks via detecting the relative expression of miR 16b, miR 21-5p, miR 145, and miR 155 as microRNA of putative interest. In comparison to the colostrum period, on the whole, the expressions of the 4 microRNA were found to be upregulated at an early period and, thereafter, a declining pattern was exhibited from early to final periods in all microRNA investigated. Based on the results from this study, we recommend that the combination of RNU1A, RNU5A, and SNORA73A can be used as normalizers for microRNA quantitative analysis in future longitudinal studies on milk somatic cells of lactating yaks in relation to lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Zhu YB, Bortolon A, Heidbrink WW, Celle SL, Roquemore AL. Compact solid-state neutral particle analyzer in current mode. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:10D304. [PMID: 23126831 DOI: 10.1063/1.4732070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Solid state neutral particle analyzer (ssNPA) arrays are operated in current mode on the DIII-D tokamak and the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Compared with conventional pulse-counting NPAs, current-mode operation sacrifices energy resolution to obtain economical, high-bandwidth, pitch-angle resolved measurements. With the success from a new three-channel near-vertical-view current mode ssNPA on DIII-D, the apertures on an existing array on NSTX were expanded to increase the particle influx. The sightlines of both arrays intersect heating beams, enabling both active and passive charge exchange measurements. The spatial resolution at beam intersection is typically 5 cm on both devices. Directly deposited ultra-thin foils on the detector surface block stray photons below the energy of 1 keV and also set low energy threshold about 25 keV for deuterium particle detection. Oscillations in neutral flux produced by high frequency magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities are readily detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhu
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA.
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Zhu YB. Logistic regression analysis on relationships between traditional Chinese medicine constitutional types and overweight or obesity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 8:1023-8. [DOI: 10.3736/jcim20101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fisher RK, Pace DC, García-Muñoz M, Heidbrink WW, Muscatello CM, Van Zeeland MA, Zhu YB. Scintillator-based diagnostic for fast ion loss measurements on DIII-D. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D307. [PMID: 21033833 DOI: 10.1063/1.3490020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new scintillator-based fast ion loss detector has been installed on DIII-D with the time response (>100 kHz) needed to study energetic ion losses induced by Alfvén eigenmodes and other MHD instabilities. Based on the design used on ASDEX Upgrade, the diagnostic measures the pitch angle and gyroradius of ion losses based on the position of the ions striking the two-dimensional scintillator. For fast time response measurements, a beam splitter and fiberoptics couple a portion of the scintillator light to a photomultiplier. Reverse orbit following techniques trace the lost ions to their possible origin within the plasma. Initial DIII-D results showing prompt losses and energetic ion loss due to MHD instabilities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Fisher
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA.
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Pace DC, Fisher RK, García-Muñoz M, Darrow DS, Heidbrink WW, Muscatello CM, Nazikian R, Van Zeeland MA, Zhu YB. Modeling the response of a fast ion loss detector using orbit tracing techniques in a neutral beam prompt-loss study on the DIII-D tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:10D305. [PMID: 21033831 DOI: 10.1063/1.3478996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A numerical model describing the expected measurements of neutral beam prompt-losses by a newly commissioned fast ion loss detector (FILD) in DIII-D is presented. This model incorporates the well understood neutral beam deposition profiles from all eight DIII-D beamlines to construct a prompt-loss source distribution. The full range of detectable ion orbit phase space available to the FILD is used to calculate ion trajectories that overlap with neutral beam injection footprints. Weight functions are applied to account for the level of overlap between these detectable orbits and the spatial and velocity (pitch) properties of ionized beam neutrals. An experimental comparison is performed by firing each neutral beam individually in the presence of a ramping plasma current. Fast ion losses determined from the model are in agreement with measured losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Pace
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
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Zhang YY, Li QG, Liang JX, Zhu YB. [Hairpin probes for teal-time assay of restriction endonucleases]. Sheng Wu Hua Xue Yu Sheng Wu Wu Li Xue Bao (Shanghai) 2002; 34:329-32. [PMID: 12019446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
New fluorogenic probes for restriction endonucleases based on molecular beacons were developed. These hairpin probes were single-stranded oligonucleotides that had stem-and-loop structure and carried 5'- fluorophor moiety and 3'-quencher moiety. Their stem sequences were designed as recognition sites for restriction endonucleases and loop sequences were unrelated nucleotides. Upon cleavage by endonuclease, these probes became fluorescent and thus could trace the enzyme activity continuously. Two probes were designed for BglII and NcoI, respectively, and each was labeled with a fluorophor of different color. The results showed that the two probes could specifically assay for the corresponding enzymes either individually or simultaneously in a real-time mode. Considering the simplicity, quantification and high throughput, these probes could be extended to other applications such as drug screening, protein-nucleic acid interaction study and searching for small molecule DNA cleavage agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Biology and Tumor Cell Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Yu TX, Zhu YB, Tong TJ. [Relationship of hR24L gene expression, DNA damage repair and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest with ion radiation]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2001; 34:243-6. [PMID: 12549227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The hR24L gene ORF was cloned from the total RNA of HeLa cells by RT-PCR method. There is no mutation of the hR24L gene in HeLa cells. Ion radiation significantly increased the expression of hR24L gene, and the sense hR24L enhanced and accelerated the cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in HeLa cells. Besides, it should seem that the overexpression of hR24L gene could enhance the repair ability of DNA damage induced by ion radiation, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- T X Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmacy, Zhanjian Ocean Uriversity, Zhanjian 524025, China
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