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Yang ASP, Dutta D, Kretzschmar K, Hendriks D, Puschhof J, Hu H, Boonekamp KE, van Waardenburg Y, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, van Gemert GJ, de Wilt JHW, Bousema T, Clevers H, Sauerwein RW. Development of Plasmodium falciparum liver-stages in hepatocytes derived from human fetal liver organoid cultures. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4631. [PMID: 37532704 PMCID: PMC10397232 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasite development in liver represents the initial step of the life-cycle in the human host after a Pf-infected mosquito bite. While an attractive stage for life-cycle interruption, understanding of parasite-hepatocyte interaction is inadequate due to limitations of existing in vitro models. We explore the suitability of hepatocyte organoids (HepOrgs) for Pf-development and show that these cells permitted parasite invasion, differentiation and maturation of different Pf strains. Single-cell messenger RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) of Pf-infected HepOrg cells has identified 80 Pf-transcripts upregulated on day 5 post-infection. Transcriptional profile changes are found involving distinct metabolic pathways in hepatocytes with Scavenger Receptor B1 (SR-B1) transcripts highly upregulated. A novel functional involvement in schizont maturation is confirmed in fresh primary hepatocytes. Thus, HepOrgs provide a strong foundation for a versatile in vitro model for Pf liver-stages accommodating basic biological studies and accelerated clinical development of novel tools for malaria control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie S P Yang
- Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Devanjali Dutta
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Merus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kai Kretzschmar
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Centre (MSNZ) for Cancer Research Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Delilah Hendriks
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Microbiome and Cancer Devision, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Huili Hu
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- The Research Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kim E Boonekamp
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Signaling and Functional Genomics Devision, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Youri van Waardenburg
- Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Teun Bousema
- Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Princess Maxima Center (PMC) for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Pharma, Research and Early Development (pRED) of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Fabra-García A, Yang AS, Behet MC, Yap XZ, van Waardenburg Y, Kaviraj S, Lanke K, van Gemert GJ, Jore MM, Bousema T, Sauerwein RW. Human antibodies against non-circumsporozoite proteins block Plasmodium falciparum parasite development in hepatocytes. JCI Insight 2022; 7:153524. [PMID: 35167490 PMCID: PMC8986077 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporozoite-based approaches currently represent the most effective vaccine strategies for induction of sterile protection against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria. Clinical development of subunit vaccines is almost exclusively centered on the circum-sporozoite protein (CSP), an abundantly expressed protein on the sporozoite membrane. Anti-CSP antibodies are able to block sporozoite invasion and development in human hepatocytes and subsequently prevent clinical malaria. Here, we have investigated whether sporozoite-induced human antibodies with specificities different from CSP can reduce Pf-liver stage development. IgG preparations were obtained from 12 volunteers inoculated with a protective immunization regime of whole sporozoites under chloroquine prophylaxis. These IgGs were depleted for CSP specificity by affinity chromatography. Recovered non-CSP antibodies were tested for sporozoite membrane binding and for functional inhibition of sporozoite invasion of a human hepatoma cell line and hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Postimmunization IgGs depleted for CS specificity of 9 of 12 donors recognized sporozoite surface antigens. Samples from 5 of 12 donors functionally reduced parasite-liver cell invasion or development using the hepatoma cell line HC-04 and FRG-huHep mice containing human liver cells. The combined data provide clear evidence that non-CSP proteins, as yet undefined, do represent antibody targets for functional immunity against Pf parasites responsible for malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Fabra-García
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Annie Sp Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marije C Behet
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Xi Zen Yap
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Youri van Waardenburg
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Kjerstin Lanke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs M Jore
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Teun Bousema
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Tibúrcio M, Yang ASP, Yahata K, Suárez-Cortés P, Belda H, Baumgarten S, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, van Gemert GJ, van Waardenburg Y, Levashina EA, Sauerwein RW, Treeck M. A Novel Tool for the Generation of Conditional Knockouts To Study Gene Function across the Plasmodium falciparum Life Cycle. mBio 2019; 10:e01170-19. [PMID: 31530668 PMCID: PMC6751054 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01170-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum has a complex life cycle that involves interaction with multiple tissues inside the human and mosquito hosts. Identification of essential genes at all different stages of the P. falciparum life cycle is urgently required for clinical development of tools for malaria control and eradication. However, the study of P. falciparum is limited by the inability to genetically modify the parasite throughout its life cycle with the currently available genetic tools. Here, we describe the detailed characterization of a new marker-free P. falciparum parasite line that expresses rapamycin-inducible Cre recombinase across the full life cycle. Using this parasite line, we were able to conditionally delete the essential invasion ligand AMA1 in three different developmental stages for the first time. We further confirm efficient gene deletion by targeting the nonessential kinase FIKK7.1.IMPORTANCE One of the major limitations in studying P. falciparum is that so far only asexual stages are amenable to rapid conditional genetic modification. The most promising drug targets and vaccine candidates, however, have been refractory to genetic modification because they are essential during the blood stage or for transmission in the mosquito vector. This leaves a major gap in our understanding of parasite proteins in most life cycle stages and hinders genetic validation of drug and vaccine targets. Here, we describe a method that supports conditional gene deletion across the P. falciparum life cycle for the first time. We demonstrate its potential by deleting essential and nonessential genes at different parasite stages, which opens up completely new avenues for the study of malaria and drug development. It may also allow the realization of novel vaccination strategies using attenuated parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tibúrcio
- Signalling in Apicomplexan Parasites Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annie S P Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Signalling in Apicomplexan Parasites Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Pablo Suárez-Cortés
- Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hugo Belda
- Signalling in Apicomplexan Parasites Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Geert-Jan van Gemert
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Youri van Waardenburg
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Elena A Levashina
- Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert W Sauerwein
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Moritz Treeck
- Signalling in Apicomplexan Parasites Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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