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Saitoh H, Nishiura M, Nakazawa T, Morikawa J, Yoshida Z, Osawa R. Electro-optic Bdot probe measurement of magnetic fluctuations in plasma. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:103540. [PMID: 36319310 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We propose a combined use of a Pockels electro-optic sensor with a pickup loop coil (Bdot probe) for the measurement of magnetic fluctuations in plasmas. In this method, induced fluctuating voltage on the coil loop is converted into an optical signal by a compact electro-optic sensor in the vicinity of the measurement point and is transferred across optical fiber that is unaffected by electric noise or capacitive load issues. Compared with conventional Bdot probes, the electro-optic Bdot probe (1) is electrically isolated and free from noise pickup caused by the metallic transmission line and (2) can be operated at a higher-frequency range because of the smaller capacitance of the operation circuit, both of which are suitable for many plasma experiments. Conversely, the sensitivity of the current electro-optic Bdot probe arrangement is still significantly lower than that of conventional Bdot probes. A preliminary measurement result with the electro-optic Bdot probe showed the detection of a magnetic fluctuation signal around the cyclotron frequency range in the RT-1 magnetospheric plasma experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Saitoh
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T Nakazawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J Morikawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R Osawa
- Seikoh Giken Co., Ltd., 296-1 Matsuhidai, Matsudo, Chiba 270-2214, Japan
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2
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Kenmochi N, Nishiura M, Yoshida Z, Yamada I, Funaba H, Sugata T, Nakamura K, Katsura S. Nd:YAG laser Thomson scattering diagnostics for a laboratory magnetosphere. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10C101. [PMID: 30399734 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new Nd:YAG laser Thomson scattering (TS) system has been developed to explore the mechanism of high-beta plasma formation in the RT-1 device. The TS system is designed to measure electron temperatures (Te) from 10 eV to 50 keV and electron densities (ne) of more than 1.0 × 1017 m-3. To measure at the low-density limit, the receiving optics views the long scattering length (60 mm) using a bright optical system with both a large collection window (260-mm diameter) and large collection lenses (300-mm diameter, a solid angle of ∼68 × 10-3 str). The scattered light of the 1.2-J Nd:YAG laser (repetition frequency: 10 Hz) is detected with a scattering angle of 90° and is transferred via a set of lenses and an optical fiber bundle to a polychromator. After Raman scattering measurement for the optical alignment and an absolute calibration, we successfully measured Te = 72.2 eV and ne = 0.43 × 1016 m-3 for the coil-supported case and Te = 79.2 eV and ne = 1.28 × 1016 m-3 for the coil-levitated case near the inner edge in the magnetospheric plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kenmochi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nishiura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - I Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T Sugata
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - S Katsura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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3
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Nakamura K, Nishiura M, Takahashi N, Yoshida Z, Kenmochi N, Sugata T, Katsura S, Howard J. Coherence-imaging spectroscopy for 2D distribution of ion temperature and flow velocity in a laboratory magnetosphere. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10D133. [PMID: 30399835 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A coherence-imaging spectroscopy (CIS) technique was developed to investigate plasma confinement in a dipole system that imitates a planetary magnetosphere. Optical interference generated using birefringent crystals enables two-dimensional Doppler spectroscopy to measure ion temperatures and flow velocities in plasmas. CIS covers the entire dynamics of the pole areas as well as of the core and edge areas on a dipole confinement device. The two-dimensional visualization of these quantities in the magnetospheric-plasma device RT-1 was demonstrated using CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nishiura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - N Takahashi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - N Kenmochi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - T Sugata
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - S Katsura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J Howard
- The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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4
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Abstract
Topological constraints on a dynamical system often manifest themselves as breaking of the Hamiltonian structure; well-known examples are nonholonomic constraints on Lagrangian mechanics. The statistical mechanics under such topological constraints is the subject of this study. Conventional arguments based on phase spaces, Jacobi identity, invariant measure, or the H theorem are no longer applicable since all these notions stem from the symplectic geometry underlying canonical Hamiltonian systems. Remembering that Hamiltonian systems are endowed with field tensors (canonical 2-forms) that have zero helicity, our mission is to extend the scope toward the class of systems governed by finite-helicity field tensors. Here, we introduce a class of field tensors that are characterized by Beltrami vectors. We prove an H theorem for this Beltrami class. The most general class of energy-conserving systems are non-Beltrami, for which we identify the "field charge" that prevents the entropy to maximize, resulting in creation of heterogeneous distributions. The essence of the theory can be delineated by classifying three-dimensional dynamics. We then generalize to arbitrary (finite) dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sato
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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5
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Yoshida Z, Morrison PJ. Epi-Two-Dimensional Fluid Flow: A New Topological Paradigm for Dimensionality. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:244501. [PMID: 29286740 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.244501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While a variety of fundamental differences are known to separate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) fluid flows, it is not well understood how they are related. Conventionally, dimensional reduction is justified by an a priori geometrical framework; i.e., 2D flows occur under some geometrical constraint such as shallowness. However, deeper inquiry into 3D flow often finds the presence of local 2D-like structures without such a constraint, where 2D-like behavior may be identified by the integrability of vortex lines or vanishing local helicity. Here we propose a new paradigm of flow structure by introducing an intermediate class, termed epi-two-dimensional flow, and thereby build a topological bridge between 2D and 3D flows. The epi-2D property is local and is preserved in fluid elements obeying ideal (inviscid and barotropic) mechanics; a local epi-2D flow may be regarded as a "particle" carrying a generalized enstrophy as its charge. A finite viscosity may cause "fusion" of two epi-2D particles, generating helicity from their charges giving rise to 3D flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yoshida
- Department of Advanced Energy, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - P J Morrison
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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6
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Yoshida Z, Ogawa Y, Morikawa J, Furukawa M, Saitoh H, Hirota M, Hori D, Shiraishi J, Watanabe S, Numazawa S, Yano Y, Suzuki J. RT-1 Project: Magnetosphere-Like Plasma Experiment. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y. Ogawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J. Morikawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M. Furukawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - H. Saitoh
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M. Hirota
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - D. Hori
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J. Shiraishi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - S. Watanabe
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - S. Numazawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y. Yano
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J. Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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Nishiura M, Yoshida Z, Mushiake T, Kawazura Y, Osawa R, Fujinami K, Yano Y, Saitoh H, Yamasaki M, Kashyap A, Takahashi N, Nakatsuka M, Fukuyama A. Electro-optic probe measurements of electric fields in plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:023501. [PMID: 28249485 DOI: 10.1063/1.4974740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The direct measurements of high-frequency electric fields in a plasma bring about significant advances in the physics and engineering of various waves. We have developed an electro-optic sensor system based on the Pockels effect. Since the signal is transmitted through an optical fiber, the system has high tolerance for electromagnetic noises. To demonstrate its applicability to plasma experiments, we report the first result of measurement of the ion-cyclotron wave excited in the RT-1 magnetosphere device. This study compares the results of experimental field measurements with simulation results of electric fields in plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishiura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - T Mushiake
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y Kawazura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - R Osawa
- SEIKOH GIKEN Co., Ltd., Matsudo, Chiba 270-2214, Japan
| | - K Fujinami
- SEIKOH GIKEN Co., Ltd., Matsudo, Chiba 270-2214, Japan
| | - Y Yano
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - H Saitoh
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - A Kashyap
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - N Takahashi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nakatsuka
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - A Fukuyama
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
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8
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Saitoh H, Yoshida Z, Yano Y, Nishiura M, Kawazura Y, Horn-Stanja J, Pedersen TS. Chaos of energetic positron orbits in a dipole magnetic field and its potential application to a new injection scheme. Phys Rev E 2016; 94:043203. [PMID: 27841504 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.94.043203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study the behavior of high-energy positrons emitted from a radioactive source in a magnetospheric dipole field configuration. Because the conservation of the first and second adiabatic invariants is easily destroyed in a strongly inhomogeneous dipole field for high-energy charged particles, the positron orbits are nonintegrable, resulting in chaotic motions. In the geometry of a typical magnetospheric levitated dipole experiment, it is shown that a considerable ratio of positrons from a ^{22}Na source, located at the edge of the confinement region, has chaotic long orbit lengths before annihilation. These particles make multiple toroidal circulations and form a hollow toroidal positron cloud. Experiments with a small ^{22}Na source in the Ring Trap 1 (RT-1) device demonstrated the existence of such long-lived positrons in a dipole field. Such a chaotic behavior of high-energy particles is potentially applicable to the formation of a dense toroidal positron cloud in the strong-field region of the dipole field in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Saitoh
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching and Wendelsteinstraße 1, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.,Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y Yano
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Nishiura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y Kawazura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - J Horn-Stanja
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching and Wendelsteinstraße 1, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Sunn Pedersen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstraße 2, D-85748 Garching and Wendelsteinstraße 1, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.,Ernst Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Domstraße 11, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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9
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Sato N, Yoshida Z. Up-hill diffusion, creation of density gradients: Entropy measure for systems with topological constraints. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:062140. [PMID: 27415241 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.062140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is always some constraint that yields any nontrivial structure from statistical averages. As epitomized by the Boltzmann distribution, the energy conservation is often the principal constraint acting on mechanical systems. Here we investigate a different type: the topological constraint imposed on "space." Such a constraint emerges from the null space of the Poisson operator linking an energy gradient to phase space velocity and appears as an adiabatic invariant altering the preserved phase space volume at the core of statistical mechanics. The correct measure of entropy, built on the distorted invariant measure, behaves consistently with the second law of thermodynamics. The opposite behavior (decreasing entropy and negative entropy production) arises in arbitrary coordinates. An ensemble of rotating rigid bodies is worked out. The theory is then applied to up-hill diffusion in a magnetosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sato
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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10
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Saegusa J, Kurikami H, Yasuda R, Kurihara K, Arai S, Kuroki R, Matsuhashi S, Ozawa T, Goto H, Takano T, Mitamura H, Nagano T, Naganawa H, Yoshida Z, Funaki H, Tokizawa T, Nakayama S. Decontamination of outdoor school swimming pools in Fukushima after the nuclear accident in March 2011. Health Phys 2013; 104:243-250. [PMID: 23361418 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e318277b3ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Because of radioactive fallout resulting from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident, water discharge from many outdoor swimming pools in Fukushima was suspended out of concern that radiocesium in the pool water would flow into farmlands. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency has reviewed the existing flocculation method for decontaminating pool water and established a practical decontamination method by demonstrating the process at eight pools in Fukushima. In this method, zeolite powder and a flocculant are used for capturing radiocesium present in pool water. The supernatant is discharged if the radiocesium concentration is less than the targeted level. The radioactive residue is collected and stored in a temporary storage space. Radioactivity concentration in water is measured with a NaI(Tl) or Ge detector installed near the pool. The demonstration results showed that the pool water in which the radiocesium concentration was more than a few hundred Bq L was readily purified by the method, and the radiocesium concentration was reduced to less than 100 Bq L. The ambient dose rates around the temporary storage space were slightly elevated; however, the total increase was up to 30% of the background dose rates when the residue was shielded with sandbags.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Saegusa
- Fukushima Environmental Safety Center, Headquarters of Fukushima Partnership Operations, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan.
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11
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Kawazura Y, Yoshida Z. Entropy production rate in a flux-driven self-organizing system. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 82:066403. [PMID: 21230743 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.066403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Entropy production rate (EPR) is often effective to describe how a structure is self-organized in a nonequilibrium thermodynamic system. The "minimum EPR principle" is widely applicable to characterizing self-organized structures, but is sometimes disproved by observations of "maximum EPR states." Here we delineate a dual relation between the minimum and maximum principles; the mathematical representation of the duality is given by a Legendre transformation. For explicit formulation, we consider heat transport in the boundary layer of fusion plasma [Z. Yoshida and S. M. Mahajan, Phys. Plasmas 15, 032307 (2008)]. The mechanism of bifurcation and hysteresis (which are the determining characteristics of the so-called H-mode, a self-organized state of reduced thermal conduction) is explained by multiple tangent lines to a pleated graph of an appropriate thermodynamic potential. In the nonlinear regime, we have to generalize Onsager's dissipation function. The generalized function is no longer equivalent to EPR; then EPR ceases to be the determinant of the operating point, and may take either minimum or maximum values depending on how the system is driven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kawazura
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Saitoh H, Yoshida Z, Morikawa J, Yano Y, Mizushima T, Kobayashi M. Formation of High-β ECH Plasma and Inward Particle Diffusion in RT-1. J Fusion Energ 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-010-9327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Abstract
We demonstrate that a purely ideal mechanism, originating in the space-time distortion caused by the demands of special relativity, can break the topological constraint (leading to helicity conservation) that would forbid the emergence of a magnetic field (a generalized vorticity) in an ideal nonrelativistic dynamics. The new mechanism, arising from the interaction between the inhomogeneous flow fields and inhomogeneous entropy, is universal and can provide a finite seed even for mildly relativistic flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mahajan
- Institute for Fusion Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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14
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Yoshida Z, Saitoh H, Morikawa J, Yano Y, Watanabe S, Ogawa Y. Magnetospheric vortex formation: self-organized confinement of charged particles. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:235004. [PMID: 20867249 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.235004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A magnetospheric configuration gives rise to various peculiar plasma phenomena that pose conundrums to astrophysical studies; at the same time, innovative technologies may draw on the rich physics of magnetospheric plasmas. We have created a "laboratory magnetosphere" with a levitating superconducting ring magnet. Here we show that charged particles (electrons) self-organize a stable vortex, in which particles diffuse inward to steepen the density gradient. The rotating electron cloud is sustained for more than 300 s. Because of its simple geometry and self-organization, this system will have wide applications in confining single- and multispecies charged particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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15
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Arisaka M, Kimura T, Suganuma H, Yoshida Z. Sorption behavior and coordination state of Eu(III) and Cm(III) in hydrochloric acid-methanol mixture/cation exchange resin system studied by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2001.89.9.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A role of methanol on the enhancement of the sorption of M(III) [M=Eu, Cm] in HCl-CH3OH mixture/cation exchange resin system was investigated by comparing the distribution coefficient of M(III) with its coordination states both in the solution and the resin phases. The inner-sphere hydration number (NH2O) of M(III),i.e., the number of water molecules in the first coordination sphere, was determined by the measurement of the luminescence lifetime of M(III) using Time-Resolved Laser-induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy. From the results showing a decrease of NH2Owith an increase of methanol mole fraction (XCH3OH), it was found that the inner-sphere complexations of M(III) both with Cl-in the solution phase and with exchange group, SO3-, in the resin phase were promoted with an increase of XCH3OH. The variation of the coordination environment around Eu(III) estimated from the emission spectra was correlated well with the variation of the NH2O. It was concluded that the increase of the sorption is mainly resulted from the inner-sphere complexation of M(III) with SO3-in the resin phase.
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16
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Kimura T, Nagaishi R, Kato Y, Yoshida Z. Luminescence study on solvation of americium(III), curium(III) and several lanthanide(III) ions in nonaqueous and binary mixed solvents. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2001.89.3.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The luminescence lifetimes of An(III) and Ln(III) ions [An=Am and Cm; Ln=Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb and Dy] were measured in dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF), methanol(MeOH), water and their perdeuterated solvents. Nonradiative decay rates of the ions were in the order of H2O > MeOH > DMF > DMSO, indicating that O-H vibration is more effective quencher than C-H, C=O, and S=O vibrations in the solvent molecules. Maximal lifetime ratios τD/τHwere observed for Eu(III) in H2O, for Sm(III) in MeOH and DMF, and for Sm(III) and Dy(III) in DMSO. The solvent composition in the first coordination sphere of Cm(III) and Ln(III) in binary mixed solvents was also studied by measuring the luminescence lifetime. Cm(III) and Ln(III) were preferentially solvated by DMSO in DMSO-H2O, by DMF in DMF-H2O, and by H2O in MeOH-H2O over the whole range of the solvent composition. The order of the preferential solvation, i.e., DMSO > DMF > H2O > MeOH, correlates with the relative basicity of these solvents. The Gibbs free energy of transfer of ions from water to nonaqueous solvents was further estimated from the degree of the preferential solvation.
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17
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Berezhiani VI, Mahajan SM, Yoshida Z. Plasma acceleration and cooling by strong laser field due to the action of radiation reaction force. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 78:066403. [PMID: 19256958 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.066403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that for super intense laser pulses propagating in a hot plasma, the action of the radiation reaction force (appropriately incorporated into the equations of motion) causes strong bulk plasma motion with the kinetic energy raised even to relativistic values; the increase in bulk energy is accompanied by a corresponding cooling (intense cooling) of the plasma. The effects are demonstrated through explicit analytical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Berezhiani
- Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Tamarashvili 6, Tbilisi 0177, Georgia
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Dewar RL, Tatsuno T, Yoshida Z, Nührenberg C, McMillan BF. Statistical characterization of the interchange-instability spectrum of a separable ideal-magnetohydrodynamic model system. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 70:066409. [PMID: 15697516 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.70.066409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A Suydam-unstable circular cylinder of plasma with periodic boundary conditions in the axial direction is studied within the approximation of linearized ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The normal mode equations are completely separable, so both the toroidal Fourier harmonic index n and the poloidal index m are good quantum numbers. The full spectrum of eigenvalues in the range 1< or = m < or = m(max) is analyzed quantitatively, using asymptotics for large m, numerics for all m, and graphics for qualitative understanding. The density of eigenvalues scales like m(2)(max) as m(max) -->infinity . Because finite-m corrections scale as 1/ m(2)(max) , their inclusion is essential in order to obtain the correct statistics for the distribution of eigenvalues. Near the largest growth rate, only a single radial eigenmode contributes to the spectrum, so the eigenvalues there depend only on m and n as in a two-dimensional system. However, unlike the generic separable two-dimensional system, the statistics of the ideal-MHD spectrum departs somewhat from the Poisson distribution, even for arbitrarily large m(max) . This departure from Poissonian statistics may be understood qualitatively from the nature of the distribution of rational numbers in the rotational transform profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Dewar
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Plasma Research Laboratory, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia.
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Saitoh H, Yoshida Z, Nakashima C, Himura H, Morikawa J, Fukao M. Confinement of pure-electron plasmas in a toroidal magnetic-surface configuration. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:255005. [PMID: 15245020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.255005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pure-electron plasma has been confined in a toroidal magnetic-surface configuration for as long as classical diffusion time due to neutral collisions. By controlling the potential of the internal conductor, long-term stable confinement of electrons has been achieved in a toroidal geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Saitoh
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Ozaki T, Arisaka M, Kimura T, Francis AJ, Yoshida Z. Empirical method for prediction of the coordination environment of Eu(III) by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2002; 374:1101-4. [PMID: 12458427 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-002-1587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2002] [Revised: 08/22/2002] [Accepted: 08/27/2002] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The number of water molecules in the inner-sphere (N(H2O)) was determined for Eu(III) and the strength of ligand field (R(E/M)) was evaluated for a variety of coordination environments from the luminescence lifetime and the relative intensity at 615 nm and at 592 nm, by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. When R(E/M) and deltaN(H2O) for Eu(III) with a known coordination environment were plotted clear regularity was apparent between the location of the R(E/M)-deltaN(H2O) plot and the coordination environment of Eu(III). Here, deltaN(H2O) was calculated by use of the equation, deltaN(H2O)=9-N(H2O). Unknown coordination environments of Eu(III) can, in turn, be characterized, including both the inner- and the outer-sphere, simply by plotting R(E/M) and deltaN(H2O) for Eu(III) on the diagram. This empirical method is effective for prediction of the coordination environment of hydrated and complexed Eu(III) in solutions and that of the adsorbed Eu(III) on ion-exchange resins and by microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ozaki
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 310-1195, Japan.
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Tamaru Y, Furukawa Y, Mizutani M, Kitao O, Yoshida Z. Diastereoselective .alpha. allylation of secondary and tertiary thioamides via thio-Claisen rearrangement. A structural proof of Z secondary thioamide dianions and Z tertiary thioamide anions. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00169a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yoshida Z, Konishi H, Tawara Y, Ogoshi H. Diaminocyclopropenones and diaminocyclopropenethiones. Quasiurea and quasithiourea. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00790a068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yoshida Z, Freiser H. Ascending water electrode studies of metal extractants. Role of kinetic factors in the Faradaic ion transfer of metal-phenanthroline complex ions across an aqueous-organic solvent interface. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00192a019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ogoshi H, Watanbe E, Yoshida Z, Kincaid J, Nakamoto K. Synthesis and far-infrared spectra of ferric octaethylporphine complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00790a017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tamaru Y, Amino Y, Furukawa Y, Kagotani M, Yoshida Z. Stereoselective generation of (Z)-secondary thioamide dianion: application to diastereoselective aldol condensations and thio-Claisen rearrangements. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00378a046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kitagawa T, Abe M, Kyogoku Y, Ogoshi H, Watanabe E, Yoshida Z. Resonance Raman spectra of metallooctaethylporphyrins. Low frequency vibrations of porphyrin and iron-axial ligand stretching modes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100552a012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ogoshi H, Watanabe E, Yoshida Z, Kincaid J, Nakamoto K. Infrared spectra of metal complexes of octaethylchlorine analogs of chlorophyll and heme d. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50148a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Berezhiani VI, Mahajan SM, Yoshida Z, Pekker M. Dynamics of self-trapped singular beams in an underdense plasma. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:046415. [PMID: 12006031 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.046415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics of an intense short laser pulse with a phase singularity, propagating in an underdense cold plasma, is investigated. Such a pulse can propagate as a vortex soliton in a self-created channel. It is shown that vortices with the topological charge m=1,2 (and a corresponding angular momentum) are unstable against symmetry-breaking perturbations; the breakup of the original vortex leads to the formation of stable spatial solitons that steadily fly away tangentially from the initial ring of vortex distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Berezhiani
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Berezhiani VI, Mahajan SM, Yoshida Z, Ohhashi M. Self-trapping of strong electromagnetic beams in relativistic plasmas. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:047402. [PMID: 12006080 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.047402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2001] [Revised: 01/14/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of an intense electromagnetic (em) beam with a relativistic electron-positron (e-p) plasma is investigated. It is shown that the thermal pressure brings about a fundamental change in the dynamics-localized, high amplitude, em field structures, not accessible to a cold (but relativistic) plasma, can now be formed under well-defined conditions. The possibilities of trapping em beams in self-guiding regimes to form stable two-dimensional solitonic structures in a pure e-p plasma are worked out.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Berezhiani
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Abstract
Self-organization of an ordered structure occurs in a plasma under rather restrictive conditions. A new framework for a variational principle invokes a coercive form that results in a criterion for self-organizing relaxation of a two-fluid plasma. The constraints (constants of motion of the ideal model) are adjusted, through a weakly dissipative process, so that the relaxed state, under well-defined conditions, is a stable equilibrium independent of the direct effects of dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yoshida
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Nakashima C, Yoshida Z, Himura H, Fukao M, Morikawa J, Saitoh H. Injection of electron beam into a toroidal trap using chaotic orbits near magnetic null. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:036409. [PMID: 11909264 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.036409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Injection of charged particle beam into a toroidal magnetic trap enables a variety of interesting experiments on non-neutral plasmas. Stationary radial electric field has been produced in a toroidal geometry by injecting electrons continuously. When an electron gun is placed near an X point of magnetic separatrix, the electron beam spreads efficiently through chaotic orbits, and electrons distribute densely in the torus. The current returning back to the gun can be minimized less than 1% of the total emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nakashima
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Volponi F, Mahajan SM, Yoshida Z. Asymptotic analysis and renormalized perturbation theory of the non-Hermitian dynamics of an inviscid vortex. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:026312. [PMID: 11497704 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.026312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of the non-Hermitian fluid systems described by the Rayleigh equation in an unbounded domain has been carried out in the regime of large wave numbers. The evolution of a special class of localized vorticities is also discussed. Asymptotic and perturbative approaches lead to the same final result. In the limit considered, the system is stable. The perturbation analysis reveals interesting pathologies of the non-Hermitian systems. Under specific conditions, the expansion is found to show secular growth. A discussion about the mechanism of insurgence of such singular behavior is presented. It is also shown that the divergent expansion is renormalizable by means of the renormalization group method-the renormalized results are in complete conformity with the asymptotic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Volponi
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Ito A, Yoshida Z. Resonant production of secondary electrons generating a discrete energy structure in a magnetized electron beam system. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 63:026502. [PMID: 11308593 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.026502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2000] [Revised: 09/20/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In a system of magnetized electron beams, multiplication of electrons can occur if the incident and return beams (the latter one is produced by secondary electrons emitted at the end of the incident beam) satisfy a resonance condition on the gyration phase. The beams propagate between two boundaries; one is an electron gun and the other is a Faraday cup detector. The resonance condition demands discrete energies (eigenvalues) of the Hamiltonian that generates a propagator of the beam. This model has been compared with Varma's formulation of discrete energies [R. K. Varma and A. M. Punithavelu, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 8, 167 (1993)].
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ito
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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Kondoh S, Teramoto R, Yoshida Z. Nonlinear density wave theory for the spiral structure of galaxies. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 61:5710-5716. [PMID: 11031630 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.5710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The theory of nonlinear waves for plasmas has been applied to the analysis of the density wave theory of galaxies which are many-body systems of gravity. A nonlinear Schrödinger equation has been derived by applying the reductive perturbation method on the fluid equations that describe the behavior of infinitesimally thin disk galaxies. Their spiral arms are characterized by a soliton and explained as a pattern of a propagating nonlinear density wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kondoh
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Imura H, Saito Y, Ohashi K, Meguro Y, Yoshida Z, Choppin GR. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LANTHANUM(III) AND EUROPIUM(III) TRICHLOROACETATE COMPLEXES EXTRACTED WITH 18-CROWN-6. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299608918370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ito N, Yoshida Z. Statistical mechanics of magnetohydrodynamics. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1996; 53:5200-5206. [PMID: 9964853 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.53.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Yamakoshi Y, Muto K, Yoshida Z. Numerical analysis of quasiperiodic perturbations for the Alfvén wave. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1994; 50:1437-1443. [PMID: 9962112 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yoshida Z, Mahajan SM. Decay of magnetic helicity producing polarized Alfvén waves. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 72:3989-3992. [PMID: 10056351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.3989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Dodziuk H, Sybilska D, Miki S, Yoshida Z, Sitkowski J, Asztemborska M, Bielejewska A, Kowalczyk J, Duszczyk K, Stefaniak L. Structure of cyclodextrins and their complexes. Part 4. Chromatographic and NMR Study of 1,2,3-tri-t-butylnaphthalene and its complex with γ-cyclodextrin. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)87038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yoshida Z, Giga Y. Bound for the pressure integral in a toroidal-plasma equilibrium. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 48:2133-2135. [PMID: 9960829 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.48.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Meguro Y, Cheng W, Imura H, Yoshida Z. Synergistic extraction of americium(III) with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone and crown ethers. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02037118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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