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Bauman BM, Jeong C, Savage M, Briker AL, Janigian NG, Nguyen LL, Kemmerer ZA, Eggler AL. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Oxidizable phenol-generated reactive oxygen species enhance sulforaphane's antioxidant response element activation, even as they suppress Nrf2 protein accumulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:532-540. [PMID: 29969714 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes, binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in their promoter regions. Due to the therapeutic role of the Nrf2/ARE system in oxidative homeostasis, its activation has been investigated in many pre-clinical and clinical trials for common chronic diseases. One of the most promising Nrf2 activators is sulforaphane, the subject of over 50 clinical trials. In this work, we examine the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on sulforaphane's Nrf2/ARE activation in the non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, with the non-arylating oxidizable phenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (dtBHQ), as the source of ROS. We find that, in combination with 2.5 µM sulforaphane, dtBHQ markedly enhances ARE-regulated gene expression, including expression of the cytoprotective proteins aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Additionally, sulforaphane's therapeutic window is widened by 12.5 µM dtBHQ. Our data suggest that H2O2 generated by dtBHQ oxidation is responsible for these effects, as shown by inclusion of catalase and by co-treatment with sulforaphane and H2O2. While sulforaphane treatment causes Nrf2 protein to accumulate as expected, interestingly, dtBHQ and H2O2 appear to act on targets downstream of Nrf2 protein accumulation to enhance sulforaphane's ARE-regulated gene expression. Inclusion of dtBHQ or H2O2 with sulforaphane does not increase Nrf2 protein levels, and catalase has little effect on Nrf2 protein levels in the presence of sulforaphane and dtBHQ. Surprisingly, dtBHQ suppresses Nrf2 protein synthesis. Inclusion of a superoxide dismutase mimetic with sulforaphane and dtBHQ partly rescues Nrf2 suppression and significantly further increases sulforaphane's efficacy for ARE-reporter expression. Thus, there is a "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" effect of ROS: ROS enhance sulforaphane's ARE-regulated gene expression even as they also inhibit Nrf2 protein synthesis. This unexpected finding reveals the degree to which targets in the ARE pathway downstream of Nrf2 protein accumulation contribute to gene expression. The results presented here provide a model system for significant enhancement of sulforaphane's potency with small molecule co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradly M Bauman
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Chang Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Matthew Savage
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Anna L Briker
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Nicholas G Janigian
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Linda L Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States
| | - Aimee L Eggler
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, United States.
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2
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Reidenbach AG, Kemmerer ZA, Aydin D, Jochem A, McDevitt MT, Hutchins PD, Stark JL, Stefely JA, Reddy T, Hebert AS, Wilkerson EM, Johnson IE, Bingman CA, Markley JL, Coon JJ, Dal Peraro M, Pagliarini DJ. Conserved Lipid and Small-Molecule Modulation of COQ8 Reveals Regulation of the Ancient Kinase-like UbiB Family. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 25:154-165.e11. [PMID: 29198567 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human COQ8A (ADCK3) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Coq8p (collectively COQ8) are UbiB family proteins essential for mitochondrial coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis. However, the biochemical activity of COQ8 and its direct role in CoQ production remain unclear, in part due to lack of known endogenous regulators of COQ8 function and of effective small molecules for probing its activity in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that COQ8 possesses evolutionarily conserved ATPase activity that is activated by binding to membranes containing cardiolipin and by phenolic compounds that resemble CoQ pathway intermediates. We further create an analog-sensitive version of Coq8p and reveal that acute chemical inhibition of its endogenous activity in yeast is sufficient to cause respiratory deficiency concomitant with CoQ depletion. Collectively, this work defines lipid and small-molecule modulators of an ancient family of atypical kinase-like proteins and establishes a chemical genetic system for further exploring the mechanistic role of COQ8 in CoQ biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Reidenbach
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Deniz Aydin
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adam Jochem
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Molly T McDevitt
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul D Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jaime L Stark
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jonathan A Stefely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Thiru Reddy
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | | | - Emily M Wilkerson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Isabel E Johnson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Craig A Bingman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - John L Markley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Stefely JA, Licitra F, Laredj L, Reidenbach AG, Kemmerer ZA, Grangeray A, Jaeg-Ehret T, Minogue CE, Ulbrich A, Hutchins PD, Wilkerson EM, Ruan Z, Aydin D, Hebert AS, Guo X, Freiberger EC, Reutenauer L, Jochem A, Chergova M, Johnson IE, Lohman DC, Rush MJP, Kwiecien NW, Singh PK, Schlagowski AI, Floyd BJ, Forsman U, Sindelar PJ, Westphall MS, Pierrel F, Zoll J, Dal Peraro M, Kannan N, Bingman CA, Coon JJ, Isope P, Puccio H, Pagliarini DJ. Cerebellar Ataxia and Coenzyme Q Deficiency through Loss of Unorthodox Kinase Activity. Mol Cell 2016; 63:608-620. [PMID: 27499294 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The UbiB protein kinase-like (PKL) family is widespread, comprising one-quarter of microbial PKLs and five human homologs, yet its biochemical activities remain obscure. COQ8A (ADCK3) is a mammalian UbiB protein associated with ubiquinone (CoQ) biosynthesis and an ataxia (ARCA2) through unclear means. We show that mice lacking COQ8A develop a slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia linked to Purkinje cell dysfunction and mild exercise intolerance, recapitulating ARCA2. Interspecies biochemical analyses show that COQ8A and yeast Coq8p specifically stabilize a CoQ biosynthesis complex through unorthodox PKL functions. Although COQ8 was predicted to be a protein kinase, we demonstrate that it lacks canonical protein kinase activity in trans. Instead, COQ8 has ATPase activity and interacts with lipid CoQ intermediates, functions that are likely conserved across all domains of life. Collectively, our results lend insight into the molecular activities of the ancient UbiB family and elucidate the biochemical underpinnings of a human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Stefely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Floriana Licitra
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Leila Laredj
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrew G Reidenbach
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anais Grangeray
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tiphaine Jaeg-Ehret
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Catherine E Minogue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Arne Ulbrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul D Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Emily M Wilkerson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zheng Ruan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Deniz Aydin
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander S Hebert
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Xiao Guo
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Elyse C Freiberger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Laurence Reutenauer
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Adam Jochem
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Maya Chergova
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Isabel E Johnson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Danielle C Lohman
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matthew J P Rush
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nicholas W Kwiecien
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Anna I Schlagowski
- Fédération de Medicine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072, Faculté de Médicine et Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Brendan J Floyd
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ulrika Forsman
- University Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, UMR 5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pavel J Sindelar
- University Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, UMR 5249, 38000 Grenoble, France; Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, CNRS UMR 8229, Collège de France, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Michael S Westphall
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Fabien Pierrel
- University Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, UMR 5249, 38000 Grenoble, France; TIMC-IMAG, CNRS UMR 5525, UFR de Médecine, University Joseph Fourier, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Joffrey Zoll
- Fédération de Medicine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072, Faculté de Médicine et Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Craig A Bingman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Philippe Isope
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Puccio
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France.
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Dittenhafer-Reed KE, Richards AL, Fan J, Smallegan MJ, Fotuhi Siahpirani A, Kemmerer ZA, Prolla TA, Roy S, Coon JJ, Denu JM. SIRT3 mediates multi-tissue coupling for metabolic fuel switching. Cell Metab 2015; 21:637-46. [PMID: 25863253 PMCID: PMC4393847 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SIRT3 is a member of the Sirtuin family of NAD(+)-dependent deacylases and plays a critical role in metabolic regulation. Organism-wide SIRT3 loss manifests in metabolic alterations; however, the coordinating role of SIRT3 among metabolically distinct tissues is unknown. Using multi-tissue quantitative proteomics comparing fasted wild-type mice to mice lacking SIRT3, innovative bioinformatic analysis, and biochemical validation, we provide a comprehensive view of mitochondrial acetylation and SIRT3 function. We find SIRT3 regulates the acetyl-proteome in core mitochondrial processes common to brain, heart, kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle, but differentially regulates metabolic pathways in fuel-producing and fuel-utilizing tissues. We propose an additional maintenance function for SIRT3 in liver and kidney where SIRT3 expression is elevated to reduce the acetate load on mitochondrial proteins. We provide evidence that SIRT3 impacts ketone body utilization in the brain and reveal a pivotal role for SIRT3 in the coordination between tissues required for metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia L Richards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA; The Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Michael J Smallegan
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | | | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Tomas A Prolla
- Department of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Sushmita Roy
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA; The Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA.
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