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Murshidi R, Hammouri M, Al-Ani A, Kitaneh R, Al-Soleiti M, Al Ta'ani Z, Sweis S, Halasa Z, Fashho E, Arafah M, Almaani N, Abdallat M, Al-Dar'awi F, Kittaneh E, Jaber B, Almudallal F, Smadi Z. Investigating the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder among Jordanian adults with dermatologic and cosmetic concerns: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5993. [PMID: 38472284 PMCID: PMC10933333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is an underexplored psychiatric condition in Middle Eastern countries, particularly in patients with dermatologic concerns, where alterations in appearance may elevate the risk of BDD. We studied patients at Jordan University Hospital's general dermatology and cosmetic clinics from July to September 2022, comparing them to healthy controls. Patients with dermatologic conditions were evaluated per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria by trained dermatologists. All participants completed the Dysmorphic Concerns Questionnaire (DCQ), Perceived Stress Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, General Anxiety Disorder Assessment tool-2. We assessed BDD prevalence using four DCQ cutoffs: 9, 11, 14, and 17, reporting effect sizes as odds ratios (OR). Our study involved 1500 participants, with an average age of 29.3 (± 14.8) years and a female-to-male ratio of 3.15-to-1. At the 9, 11, 14, and 17 DCQ cutoffs, BDD prevalence was 78.2%, 54.2%, 26.5%, and 11.7%, respectively. Patients with dermatologic concerns were more likely to exhibit clinical BDD symptoms than controls at the 11-cutoff (OR: 1.26; 95% CI 1.01-1.58; p < 0.05). Conversely, those with cosmetic concerns were more prone to clinical BDD than controls at cutoffs 9 (OR: 2.26; 95% CI 1.28-3.97; p < 0.05) and 11 (OR: 1.50; 95% CI 1.03-2.20; p < 0.05). Our logistic regression revealed consistent associations between higher DCQ scores and elevated anxiety, depression, perceived skin disease-related stigma, and reduced quality of life (p < 0.05). In conclusion, patients with dermatologic issues and those seeking cosmetic procedures are at significant risk of developing BDD, necessitating proactive screening and referrals for specialized care by dermatologists due to the associated psychological distress and unproductive consultations. Providing specialized training for healthcare professionals to establish an integrated care approach to address the needs of patients with BDD should be the focus of future research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Murshidi
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Abdallah Al-Ani
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Razi Kitaneh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | | | - Zain Al Ta'ani
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sami Sweis
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zeina Halasa
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eva Fashho
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malak Arafah
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Noor Almaani
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Abdallat
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Eman Kittaneh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Besan Jaber
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Zina Smadi
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Almaani N, Mansour AT, Ta'ani ZA. A Case of Lip Swelling. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00047-0. [PMID: 38281655 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Almaani
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman.
| | - Ahmad T Mansour
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati-College of Medicine, Ohio
| | - Zain Al Ta'ani
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman
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