1
|
Kurt Z, Cheng J, Barrere-Cain R, McQuillen CN, Saleem Z, Hsu N, Jiang N, Pan C, Franzén O, Koplev S, Wang S, Björkegren J, Lusis AJ, Blencowe M, Yang X. Shared and distinct pathways and networks genetically linked to coronary artery disease between human and mouse. eLife 2023; 12:RP88266. [PMID: 38060277 PMCID: PMC10703441 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse models have been used extensively to study human coronary artery disease (CAD) or atherosclerosis and to test therapeutic targets. However, whether mouse and human share similar genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis has not been thoroughly investigated in a data-driven manner. We conducted a cross-species comparison study to better understand atherosclerosis pathogenesis between species by leveraging multiomics data. Specifically, we compared genetically driven and thus CAD-causal gene networks and pathways, by using human GWAS of CAD from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium and mouse GWAS of atherosclerosis from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) followed by integration with functional multiomics human (STARNET and GTEx) and mouse (HMDP) databases. We found that mouse and human shared >75% of CAD causal pathways. Based on network topology, we then predicted key regulatory genes for both the shared pathways and species-specific pathways, which were further validated through the use of single cell data and the latest CAD GWAS. In sum, our results should serve as a much-needed guidance for which human CAD-causal pathways can or cannot be further evaluated for novel CAD therapies using mouse models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyneb Kurt
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- The Information School at the University of SheffieldSheffieldUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Rio Barrere-Cain
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Caden N McQuillen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Zara Saleem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Neil Hsu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Nuoya Jiang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Oscar Franzén
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Susanna Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Johan Björkegren
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Medicine, (Huddinge), Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Departments of Human Genetics & Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saleem Z, Scoles D, Capone A, Mahmoud TH. Iatrogenic macular hole due to Nd:YAG-SLT laser: Case report and management: Nd:YAG-SLT laser iatrogenic macular hole. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2023:01271216-990000000-00252. [PMID: 38016107 DOI: 10.1097/icb.0000000000001517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of a patient who suffered a full thickness macular hole (FTMH) due to the accidental utilization of the selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) mode of a dual mode laser. METHOD Case report. RESULTS A 69-year-old woman experienced vision loss in her left eye immediately after undergoing attempted Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) capsulotomy using a Nd:YAG-SLT laser system. Post-injury visual acuity was 20/25 and 20/800 in the right and left eyes, respectively. Ophthalmic exam and multimodal imaging revealed multiple macular hemorrhages and an irregular FTMH. The patient required multiple surgeries including an autologous retinal transplant to achieve hole closure. CONCLUSIONS Macular hole formation is a devastating consequence of inadvertent use of the SLT mode when performing a Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy with a Nd:YAG-SLT laser system. We emphasize the importance of ensuring the correct mode is selected for treatment to minimize the risk of retinal damage and permanent vision loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zara Saleem
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA
| | - Drew Scoles
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Antonio Capone
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA
- Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Tamer H Mahmoud
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA
- Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jong J, Saleem Z, Simmons J, Rhodes M, Choi JL. 11 Convergence insufficiency: are we making a difference in patients' lives or is it a waste of time! BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023; 8:A4. [PMID: 37797993 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-biposa.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common condition that can impair visual performance and comfort during close visual work. This prospective study evaluated the effectiveness of interventions on clinical outcomes and quality-of-life using the adult strabismus quality-of-life questionnaire (AS20) in patients with CI.Data was extracted from a database collected at first consultation from 2015 to 2022. Demographics, interventions and outcomes of 84 patients with CI (mean age 47.0±24.9 years) were analysed.Orthoptic exercises were prescribed to 56% of patients, 32% received prisms, 15% received no treatment, with 3 discharged on the same day. At latest follow-up review, 22.6% were recommended to continue exercises, 28.6% had prisms, 1 underwent bimedial resection and 2 had botox. The median follow-up was 5.5(5.0-55)months, 88.1% were discharged with 29.8% following failure to attend and 9.5% deceased. Near-point of convergence (NPC) improved from a median of 15(6-50)cm to 10(6-30)cm. The median AS20 score at presentation were 100(30-100) and 47.5(0-100), and post-intervention were 100(80-100) and 77.5(12.5-97.5) for psychosocial and functional components, respectively.At the latest follow-up, the attendance failure rate was higher for exercises (36%) than for prisms (15%). Improvement was noted in NPC (33%) and mean AS20 scores was 9% higher psychosocially and 32.8% functionally, highlighting the benefits of intervention on patients' quality-of-life.This cohort provides valuable insights into the clinical management of CI, as evidenced by improvements in NPC and AS20 scores. However, the study also found that long-term compliance with treatment is intrinsically challenging, emphasising the importance of disease education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jlz Jong
- Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - Z Saleem
- Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - J Simmons
- Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - M Rhodes
- Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - J L Choi
- Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kurt Z, Cheng J, McQuillen CN, Saleem Z, Hsu N, Jiang N, Barrere-Cain R, Pan C, Franzen O, Koplev S, Wang S, Bjorkegren J, Lusis AJ, Blencowe M, Yang X. Shared and distinct pathways and networks genetically linked to coronary artery disease between human and mouse. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.08.544148. [PMID: 37333408 PMCID: PMC10274918 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.544148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models have been used extensively to study human coronary artery disease (CAD) or atherosclerosis and to test therapeutic targets. However, whether mouse and human share similar genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis has not been thoroughly investigated in a data-driven manner. We conducted a cross-species comparison study to better understand atherosclerosis pathogenesis between species by leveraging multiomics data. Specifically, we compared genetically driven and thus CAD-causal gene networks and pathways, by using human GWAS of CAD from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium and mouse GWAS of atherosclerosis from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) followed by integration with functional multiomics human (STARNET and GTEx) and mouse (HMDP) databases. We found that mouse and human shared >75% of CAD causal pathways. Based on network topology, we then predicted key regulatory genes for both the shared pathways and species-specific pathways, which were further validated through the use of single cell data and the latest CAD GWAS. In sum, our results should serve as a much-needed guidance for which human CAD-causal pathways can or cannot be further evaluated for novel CAD therapies using mouse models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyneb Kurt
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Northumbria, Ellison Pl, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Jenny Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Caden N. McQuillen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zara Saleem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neil Hsu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nuoya Jiang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rio Barrere-Cain
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA
| | - Oscar Franzen
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, US
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, US
| | - Susanna Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Johan Bjorkegren
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, US
- Department of Medicine, (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA
- Departments of Human Genetics & Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, CA 90095, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CA 90095
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bansal GJ, Saleem Z. The symptomatic breast services in a university hospital: pandemic peak compared to the pre-pandemic year and future implications. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 191:2475-2479. [PMID: 34988861 PMCID: PMC8730750 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 infection led to a substantial overhaul of the symptomatic breast services within the UK. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern of primary care referrals to the symptomatic one-stop clinic during the pandemic. This study also provides a snapshot of the workings of symptomatic breast services and the scope for improvements. Methods The data points were collected for 1 month during the peak of the pandemic (April 2020) and compared to corresponding data points for the same month in the previous year (April 2019). This was compared to the monthly data from Wales Cancer Network (WCN) data source. A hundred patients from each month over 2 years were evaluated to get a snapshot into the working of the breast clinic. Results A total of 516 patients were referred from primary care or General Practitioners (GPs), and were seen in the Hospital ‘one-stop breast clinic’ in April 2019. This number dropped to 330 patients during the peak of the pandemic in April 2020. Ninety percent of referrals from the GP were urgent suspected cancers or urgent referrals. This trend of referrals did not change over 2 years. There was a 5% and 7% cancer diagnosis rate in 2020 and 2019, respectively. Conclusions Most patients were referred from GP as ‘urgent’ or ‘urgent suspected cancer’. The cancer diagnosis rate reduced from 7 to 5% during the pandemic peak but the number of ‘worried well’ patients did not reduce. The total number of referrals reduced, which is predictive of increased demand in the future. The authors have suggested ways to meet this demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Jyoti Bansal
- The Breast Centre, Llandough University Hospital, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Penarth, CF64 2XX, UK.
| | - Zara Saleem
- The Breast Centre, Llandough University Hospital, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Penarth, CF64 2XX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saleem N, Anwar A, Shahid NUA, Saleem R, Saleem Z, Asghar H, Zubair M, Ellahi H, Iqbal S. Perception of Parents of Thalassemic Child to Thalassemia in Pakistan. Cureus 2021; 13:e17615. [PMID: 34646666 PMCID: PMC8485962 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by reduced hemoglobin synthesis. Aim of our study is to assess the parental knowledge of thalassemia patients and their awareness regarding treatment and preventive measures against thalassemia. Methods It is an observational study done at Ali Zaib Foundation Thalassemia Center in Sahiwal, Pakistan, in May 2019. One hundred parents were enrolled in this study and a subjective questionnaire was used to collect data through direct structured survey method over a period of 30 days. Results There were parents of 62 (62%) male patients and 38 (38%) female patients, with a median age of 8.5 ± 6.2 years. Forty-three (43%) parents were illiterate while eight (8%) parents were highly educated. Sixty-six (66%) patients were born to parents with consanguineous marriages. Eighty-two (82%) parents were aware of thalassemia, 72 (72%) were aware of the risk of thalassemia due to cousin marriages, 76 (76%) parents were aware of the importance of prenatal diagnosis (PND), while 88 (88%) believed that a PND was beneficial. Fifty-two (52%) parents knew about thalassemia treatment, 80 (80%) were aware of the importance of blood screening, and 14 (14%) patients were receiving iron chelation therapy. Seventy-eight (78%) parents were aware of thalassemia prevention. All parents believed that the public requires awareness of the importance of premarital screening and PND. Conclusion Parental awareness regarding β-thalassemia, its treatment and prevention is fair but far from ideal. Premarital screening, provision of accurate information to the public by professionals, and adequate screening and PND of at-risk families can significantly reduce the rates of thalassemias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noman Saleem
- Forensic Medicine, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, PAK
| | - Adeel Anwar
- Emergency Medicine, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, USA
| | | | - Rabia Saleem
- Neurosurgery, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, PAK
| | - Zara Saleem
- Plastic Surgery, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Hannan Asghar
- Internal Medicine, Orange Park Medical Center, Orange Park, USA
| | | | - Humna Ellahi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, PAK
| | - Sheel Iqbal
- Research and Academic Society, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, PAK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Blencowe M, Ahn IS, Saleem Z, Luk H, Cely I, Mäkinen VP, Zhao Y, Yang X. Gene networks and pathways for plasma lipid traits via multitissue multiomics systems analysis. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100019. [PMID: 33561811 PMCID: PMC7873371 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have implicated ∼380 genetic loci for plasma lipid regulation. However, these loci only explain 17-27% of the trait variance, and a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms has not been achieved. In this study, we utilized an integrative genomics approach leveraging diverse genomic data from human populations to investigate whether genetic variants associated with various plasma lipid traits, namely, total cholesterol, high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL and LDL), and triglycerides, from GWASs were concentrated on specific parts of tissue-specific gene regulatory networks. In addition to the expected lipid metabolism pathways, gene subnetworks involved in "interferon signaling," "autoimmune/immune activation," "visual transduction," and "protein catabolism" were significantly associated with all lipid traits. In addition, we detected trait-specific subnetworks, including cadherin-associated subnetworks for LDL; glutathione metabolism for HDL; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis for total cholesterol; and insulin signaling and complement pathways for triglyceride. Finally, by using gene-gene relations revealed by tissue-specific gene regulatory networks, we detected both known (e.g., APOH, APOA4, and ABCA1) and novel (e.g., F2 in adipose tissue) key regulator genes in these lipid-associated subnetworks. Knockdown of the F2 gene (coagulation factor II, thrombin) in 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 adipocytes altered gene expression of Abcb11, Apoa5, Apof, Fabp1, Lipc, and Cd36; reduced intracellular adipocyte lipid content; and increased extracellular lipid content, supporting a link between adipose thrombin and lipid regulation. Our results shed light on the complex mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism and highlight potential novel targets for lipid regulation and lipid-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - In Sook Ahn
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zara Saleem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen Luk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ingrid Cely
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ville-Petteri Mäkinen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saleem N, Saleem R, Saleem Z, Ajmal U. Rare Association of Pneumomediastinum With Bilateral Pneumothorax. Cureus 2020; 12:e12091. [PMID: 33489509 PMCID: PMC7805511 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumomediastinum with bilateral pneumothorax is a clinical entity caused by infections, malignancy, or trauma, as in our case. Some patients present with pneumomediastinum secondary to trauma have esophageal, laryngeal, or tracheal injuries. A 16-year-old boy presented in the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath and bruise on the chest after a history of the road traffic accident. Bilateral chest tube thoracotomy was done. Pneumomediastinum was suspected on X-ray chest and confirmed on computed tomography of the chest, which showed bilateral pneumothorax with pneumomediastinum. The patient was conservatively managed and discharged after 10 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noman Saleem
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, PAK
| | - Rabia Saleem
- Neurosurgery, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, PAK
| | - Zara Saleem
- Plastic Surgery, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Blencowe M, Arneson D, Ding J, Chen YW, Saleem Z, Yang X. Network modeling of single-cell omics data: challenges, opportunities, and progresses. Emerg Top Life Sci 2019; 3:379-398. [PMID: 32270049 PMCID: PMC7141415 DOI: 10.1042/etls20180176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell multi-omics technologies are rapidly evolving, prompting both methodological advances and biological discoveries at an unprecedented speed. Gene regulatory network modeling has been used as a powerful approach to elucidate the complex molecular interactions underlying biological processes and systems, yet its application in single-cell omics data modeling has been met with unique challenges and opportunities. In this review, we discuss these challenges and opportunities, and offer an overview of the recent development of network modeling approaches designed to capture dynamic networks, within-cell networks, and cell-cell interaction or communication networks. Finally, we outline the remaining gaps in single-cell gene network modeling and the outlooks of the field moving forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
| | - Douglas Arneson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
| | - Jessica Ding
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
- Molecular Toxicology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
| | - Zara Saleem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
- Molecular Toxicology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Salman M, Khan JH, Khan AH, Sulaiman SAS, Aslam Z, Asif N, Mustafa ZU, Hassan M, Saleem Z, Iqbal M. Prevalence and predictors of lower urinary tract symptoms in Pakistani men: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Urology 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415818815371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of the condition of lower urinary tract symptoms in Pakistani men, determine its predictors and assess its impact on the quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted among men aged 30 years and over in three districts of Punjab province, Pakistan. The modified Urdu version of the International Prostate Symptom Score was used to assess the prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms. Individuals with total symptom score ⩾8 were considered as having lower urinary tract symptoms. The data were analysed using SPSS version 22. The chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to assess the difference among categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Moreover, binary logistic regressions were performed to determine the predictors of lower urinary tract symptoms. Results: The overall prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in our sample was 33.7%. The frequency of individuals having mild, moderate and severe lower urinary tract symptoms was 66.3, 30.3 and 3.4%, respectively. Storage symptoms were more common than voiding symptoms (35.6% vs 28.2%, respectively). Increasing age (one-decade interval age stratum), higher education levels, working status (currently not working), smoking, hypertension, diabetes and renal impairment were positive predictors of lower urinary tract symptoms. Moreover, the condition of lower urinary tract symptoms was associated with a significant reduction in an individual’s quality of life. Conclusion: Around one-third of adult Pakistani men suffer from clinically relevant urinary symptoms, with lower urinary tract symptoms sufferers having poor quality of life as compared to non-sufferers. We recommend that the aging population should be made aware of conventional measures to mitigate mild urinary symptoms affecting their routine activities. Level of evidence: 2c
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Salman
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - JH Khan
- National Hospital and Medical Center, Pakistan
| | - AH Khan
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - SAS Sulaiman
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Z Aslam
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Asif
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - ZU Mustafa
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Hassan
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Saleem
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahmad S, Saleem Z, Jabeen F, Hussain B, Sultana T, Sultana S, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Mulhim NMA, Mahboob S. Potential of natural repellents methylanthranilate and anthraquinone applied on maize seeds and seedlings against house sparrow (Passer domesticus) in captivity. BRAZ J BIOL 2018; 78:667-672. [PMID: 29412246 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.171686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Various bird pests caused severe economic losses to valuable crops and fruit orchards all over the world. Among the birds, house sparrow is also considered to cause heavy plunder, not only to seeds of crops but also seedlings especially in organic farming. In present study two bird repellents, methylanthranilate and anthraquinone tested against house sparrows on maize seeds and seedlings in aviary conditions. Trial group in aviary-I, the treated maize seeds and seedlings with different doses of both bird repellents, control group in aviary-II, untreated seeds and seedlings were provided for three hours in the early morning. In each aviary, two closed circuit cameras were also installed to monitor the behavioral responses against different concentrations of both chemical repellents. Statistical analysis showed that there existed highly significant (P<0.01) variations among the trial and control groups for seeds and seedlings. By comparing both repellents, significant (P<0.05) differences were detected and anthraquinone showed better efficacy when compared to methylanthranilate, but in maize seedlings both repellents equal repellent properties. Non-significant (P>0.05) differences were observed in different grading of both natural chemical repellents for maize seeds while significant (P<0.05) variations were noticed for maize seedlings when provided to sparrows. By videotaped behavior sparrows presented manifest head juddering and feather upsetting activities by consumption of treated seeds and seedlings with higher concentrations of both natural bird repellents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Z Saleem
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - F Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - B Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - T Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - S Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - K A Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - N M A Al-Mulhim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|