1
|
Jacobson MA, Zakaria A, Maung Z, Hart C, McCalmont T, Fassett M, Amerson E. Incidence and Characteristics of Delayed Injection Site Reaction to the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV2 Vaccine (Moderna) in a Cohort of Hospital Employees. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:591-596. [PMID: 34086881 PMCID: PMC8244618 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are administered to 2 million individuals per day in the United States under US Food and Drug Administration emergency use authorization. Methods Observational cohort study of hospital employees who received their first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination between 14 December 2020 and 8 January 2021, including employees who reported onset of an injection site reaction ≥48 hours after administration of their first or second dose to an employee hotline. Results Thirteen female employees who received the mRNA-1273 vaccine (Moderna) during the first 3 weeks of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine rollout at San Francisco General Hospital reported a pruritic rash at the injection site appearing 3 -9 days after receipt of their initial dose. Five had milder or similar reactions with earlier onset after the second dose. One additional female employee reported this delayed reaction only after the second dose. None reported serious adverse events or had symptoms severe enough to seek medical attention. These cases represented 1.1% of the 1275 female employees who received their first mRNA-1273 dose and 2.0% of the 557 who were aged 31 -45 years during this initial vaccine rollout. None of 675 males who initiated mRNA-1273 or 3612 employees of any sex who initiated BNT162b (Pfizer) vaccination during this period reported delayed-onset reactions. Conclusions These results suggest that delayed-onset, injection site pruritic rashes after mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration, lasting up to 1 week, occur commonly in females, do not lead to serious sequela, and should not deter receipt of the second vaccine dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Jacobson
- Division of Occupational Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Zakaria
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zaw Maung
- Division of Occupational Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Colin Hart
- Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tim McCalmont
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marlys Fassett
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erin Amerson
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
A threshold Heat Index (HI) can serve as the basis for advising the civilian workforce about the risk of heat-related illnesses. We conducted a systematic review and compiled reports of work-related fatalities from heat-related illnesses. We calculated the HI for each fatality. Our objective was to expand upon the military's concept of a "heat death line" and identify an HI alert threshold for the civilian workforce. We identified 14 publications totaling 570 heat-related deaths. In the meta-analysis, the median HI was 101 with a range of 62 to 137. Almost all deaths (96 percent and 99 percent of civilian and military fatalities, respectively) occurred when HI ≥80, which is our proposed heat death line. Some existing HI-based heat advisories are set at a higher temperature value. However, many occupational heat-related illnesses occur below these thresholds, resulting in low sensitivity and a false sense of security. In at-risk outdoor industries, HI ≥80 should trigger hazard awareness and protective actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaw Maung
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aaron W Tustin
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mehmood A, Maung Z, Consunji RJ, El-Menyar A, Peralta R, Al-Thani H, Hyder AA. Work related injuries in Qatar: a framework for prevention and control. J Occup Med Toxicol 2018; 13:29. [PMID: 30202423 PMCID: PMC6126035 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-018-0211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Work related injuries (WRIs) are a growing public health concern that remains under-recognized, inadequately addressed and largely unmeasured in low and middle-income countries (LMIC’s). However, even in high-income countries, such as those in Gulf Cooperating Council (GCC) like Qatar, there are challenges in assuring the health and safety of its labor population. Countries in the GCC have been rapidly developing as a result of the economic boom from the petrochemical industry during the early seventies. Economic prosperity has propelled the migration of workers from less developed countries to make up for the human resource deficiency to develop its infrastructure, service and hospitality industries. Although these countries have gradually made huge gains in health, economy and human development index, including improvements in life expectancy, education, and standard of living, there remains a high incidence of work-related injuries especially in jobs in the construction and petrochemical sector. Currently, there is scarcity of literature on work-related injuries, especially empirical studies documenting the burden, characteristics and risk factors of work injuries and the work injured population, which includes large numbers of migrant workers in many GCC countries. This paper will focus on the current understanding of WRIs in those countries and identify the gaps in current approaches to workplace injury prevention, outlining current status of WRI prevention efforts in Qatar, and propose a framework of concerted action by multi-sectoral engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber Mehmood
- 1Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Zaw Maung
- 1Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Rafael J Consunji
- HMC Injury Prevention Program, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, and Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, and Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.,8Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruben Peralta
- 4Universidad Nacional Pedro Henriquez Urena (UNPHU), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.,Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adnan A Hyder
- 1Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.,Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Baltimore, MD USA.,7George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The rewarding properties of drugs contribute to the development of abuse and addiction. We developed a new assay for investigating the motivational properties of ethanol in the genetically tractable model Drosophila melanogaster. Flies learned to associate cues with ethanol intoxication and, although transiently aversive, the experience led to a long-lasting attraction for the ethanol-paired cue, implying that intoxication is rewarding. Temporally blocking transmission in dopaminergic neurons revealed that flies require activation of these neurons to express, but not develop, conditioned preference for ethanol-associated cues. Moreover, flies acquired, consolidated and retrieved these rewarding memories using distinct sets of neurons in the mushroom body. Finally, mutations in scabrous, encoding a fibrinogen-related peptide that regulates Notch signaling, disrupted the formation of memories for ethanol reward. Our results thus establish that Drosophila can be useful for understanding the molecular, genetic and neural mechanisms underling the rewarding properties of ethanol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla R Kaun
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|