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Ren ZH, Bai LP, Shen LH, Luo ZZ, Zhou ZH, Zuo ZC, Ma XP, Deng JL, Wang Y, Xu SY, Luo YH, Cao SZ, Yu SM. Comparative iTRAQ Proteomics Reveals Multiple Effects of Selenium Yeast on Dairy Cows in Parturition. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:464-474. [PMID: 31858401 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of prepartum dietary supplementation with selenium yeast on low abundant plasma proteins in postpartum dairy cows are not known. In this study, 24 healthy parturient dairy cows were divided into two groups (group C, a control group, and group T, a selenium treatment group). Low abundance proteins were extracted from plasma samples of calving cows, and 542 proteins were identified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis. Dietary supplementation with selenium yeast caused differential abundance of 48 proteins with a fold change of more than 1.2 or less than 0.83 (p < 0.05); 14 proteins were upregulated and 34 were downregulated. The top five gene ontology (GO) enrichment terms for the differentially expressed proteins were protein homotetramerization (or tetramerization), defense response to bacteria or fungus, acute-phase reactions, nucleotide catabolic process, and positive regulation of lipid metabolic process. All proteins involved in acute-phase reactions were downregulated, indicating that selenium ameliorates systemic inflammation. The vast majority of proteins involved in the defense response to microorganisms were downregulated, thereby affecting innate immunity. The decreased abundance of apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein C-II, critical proteins for positive regulation of lipid metabolism, indicated that selenium may optimize lipid metabolism. The iTRAQ results showed that prenatal supplementation with yeast selenium can relieve systemic inflammation after parturition. Moreover, selenium may reduce the effects of metabolic diseases, which can improve glyconeogenesis and prevent ketosis and fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li-Peng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liu-Hong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zheng-Zhong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhi-Cai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun-Liang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yu-Heng Luo
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sui-Zhong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shu-Min Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Du K, Zhang M, Dai C, Zhou ZN, Xie YW, Ren ZH, Tian H, Chen LQ, Van Tendeloo G, Zhang Z. Manipulating topological transformations of polar structures through real-time observation of the dynamic polarization evolution. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4864. [PMID: 31653843 PMCID: PMC6814840 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Topological structures based on controllable ferroelectric or ferromagnetic domain configurations offer the opportunity to develop microelectronic devices such as high-density memories. Despite the increasing experimental and theoretical insights into various domain structures (such as polar spirals, polar wave, polar vortex) over the past decade, manipulating the topological transformations of polar structures and comprehensively understanding its underlying mechanism remains lacking. By conducting an in-situ non-contact bias technique, here we systematically investigate the real-time topological transformations of polar structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 multilayers at an atomic level. The procedure of vortex pair splitting and the transformation from polar vortex to polar wave and out-of-plane polarization are observed step by step. Furthermore, the redistribution of charge in various topological structures has been demonstrated under an external bias. This provides new insights for the symbiosis of polar and charge and offers an opportunity for a new generation of microelectronic devices. Direct observation of the dynamic evolution of polar domain structures at atomic level remains challenging. Here, the authors report the observation of real-time topological transformations of polar structures in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 multilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Du
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - C Dai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Z N Zhou
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Y W Xie
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Z H Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - H Tian
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - L Q Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gustaaf Van Tendeloo
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium.,Nanostructure Research Centre (NRC) Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Center of Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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He Q, Wang HH, Cheng T, Yuan WP, Ma YP, Jiang YP, Ren ZH. Genetic Correction and Hepatic Differentiation of Hemophilia B-specific Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 32:135-144. [PMID: 28956740 DOI: 10.24920/j1001-9294.2017.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To genetically correct a disease-causing point mutation in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a hemophilia B patient. Methods First, the disease-causing mutation was detected by sequencing the encoding area of human coagulation factor IX (F IX) gene. Genomic DNA was extracted from the iPSCs, and the primers were designed to amplify the eight exons of F IX. Next, the point mutation in those iPSCs was genetically corrected using CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the presence of a 129-nucleotide homologous repair template that contained two synonymous mutations. Then, top 8 potential off-target sites were subsequently analyzed using Sanger sequencing. Finally, the corrected clones were differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells, and the secretion of F IX was validated by immunocytochemistry and ELISA assay. Results The cell line bore a missense mutation in the 6th coding exon (c.676 C>T) of F IX gene. Correction of the point mutation was achieved via CRISPR/Cas9 technology in situ with a high efficacy at about 22% (10/45) and no off-target effects detected in the corrected iPSC clones. F IX secretion, which was further visualized by immunocytochemistry and quantified by ELISA in vitro, reached about 6 ng/ml on day 21 of differentiation procedure. Conclusions Mutations in human disease-specific iPSCs could be precisely corrected by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and corrected cells still maintained hepatic differentiation capability. Our findings might throw a light on iPSC-based personalized therapies in the clinical application, especially for hemophilia B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong He
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215126, China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215126, China; Biopharmagen Corporation, Suzhou 215126, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wei-Ping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yu-Po Ma
- iCell Gene Therapeutics LLC, Research & Development Division, Long Island High Technology Incubator, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jiang
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215126, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Ren
- Biopharmaceutical R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215126, China;Biopharmagen Corporation, Suzhou 215126, China
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Deng L, Yao JX, Liu HF, Zhou ZY, Chai YJ, Wang WY, Zhong ZJ, Deng JL, Ren ZH, Fu HL, Yan X, Yue CJ, Peng GN. First report of Blastocystis in giant pandas, red pandas, and various bird species in Sichuan province, southwestern China. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019; 9:298-304. [PMID: 31341768 PMCID: PMC6610630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Blastocystis is a common enteric protist that colonizes humans and a wide range of animals. Although some studies have reported incidences of Blastocystis in humans and animals in China, there is no information available on the prevalence of Blastocystis in giant pandas, red pandas, or bird species. The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence, subtype distribution, and genetic characterizations of Blastocystis in these animals in a captive situation in southwestern China, as well as assess the zoonotic potential of Blastocystis isolates. A total of 168 fecal specimens, including 81 from giant pandas, 23 from red pandas, 38 from black swans, 11 from ruddy shelducks, and 15 from green peafowl were collected at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in Sichuan province. The overall minimum prevalence of Blastocystis was 11.3% (19/168) based on PCR amplification of the barcode region of the SSU rRNA gene. The highest prevalence of Blastocystis was observed in ruddy shelduck (18.2%) and the lowest was found in green peafowl (6.7%). The prevalence of Blastocystis in giant pandas >5.5 years of age was higher than that in younger giant pandas. Two potentially zoonotic subtypes (ST1 and ST8) were identified, and ST1 (n = 12) was found to be more prevalent than ST8 (n = 7). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis in giant pandas, red pandas, and bird species in China. The findings of this study will improve our understanding of the genetic diversity and public health potential of Blastocystis. This is the first report of Blastocystis in giant pandas, red pandas, and various bird species in China. The overall minimum prevalence of Blastocystis was 11.3%. Two zoonotic subtypes (ST1 and ST8) were identified. This study will enrich the epidemiological data of Blastocystis infection in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jing-Xin Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hai-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zi-Yao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yi-Jun Chai
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Wu-You Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jun-Liang Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hua-Lin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Chan-Juan Yue
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Guang-Neng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
- Corresponding author. 211 Huimin, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Luo ZZ, Shen LH, Jiang J, Huang YX, Bai LP, Yu SM, Yao XP, Ren ZH, Yang YX, Cao SZ. Plasma metabolite changes in dairy cows during parturition identified using untargeted metabolomics. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:4639-4650. [PMID: 30827559 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic responses of cows undergo substantial changes during the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with these changes in physiological metabolism have not been clearly elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate metabolic changes in transition cows from the perspective of plasma metabolites. Plasma samples collected from 24 multiparous dairy cows on approximately d 21 prepartum and immediately postpartum were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry in positive and negative ion modes. In conjunction with multidimensional statistical methods (principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis), differences in plasma metabolites were identified using the t-test and fold change analysis. Sixty-seven differential metabolites were identified consisting of AA, lipids, saccharides, and nucleotides. The levels of 32 plasma metabolites were significantly higher and those of 35 metabolites significantly lower after parturition than on d 21 prepartum. Pathway analysis indicated that the metabolites that increased from late pregnancy to early lactation were primarily involved in lipid metabolism and energy metabolism, whereas decreased metabolites were related to AA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Luo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - L H Shen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Y X Huang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - L P Bai
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - S M Yu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - X P Yao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Z H Ren
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Y X Yang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Z Cao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Chen X, Shen LH, Gui LX, Yang F, Li J, Cao SZ, Zuo ZC, Ma XP, Deng JL, Ren ZH, Chen ZX, Yu SM. Genome-wide DNA methylation profile of prepubertal porcine testis. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:349-358. [PMID: 28727982 DOI: 10.1071/rd17067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological structure and function of the mammalian testis undergo important developmental changes during prepuberty and DNA methylation is dynamically regulated during testis development. In this study, we generated the first genome-wide DNA methylation profile of prepubertal porcine testis using methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) combined with high-throughput sequencing (MeDIP-seq). Over 190 million high-quality reads were generated, containing 43642 CpG islands. There was an overall downtrend of methylation during development, which was clear in promoter regions but less so in gene-body regions. We also identified thousands of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among the three prepubertal time points (1 month, T1; 2 months, T2; 3 months, T3), the majority of which showed decreasing methylation levels over time. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that many genes in the DMRs were linked with cell proliferation and some important pathways in porcine testis development. Our data suggest that DNA methylation plays an important role in prepubertal development of porcine testis, with an obvious downtrend of methylation levels from T1 to T3. Overall, our study provides a foundation for future studies and gives new insights into mammalian testis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liu-Hong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li-Xuan Gui
- OnMath Science and Technology Limited Company, No. 500 Tianfu Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sui-Zhong Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhi-Cai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun-Liang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhong-Xu Chen
- OnMath Science and Technology Limited Company, No. 500 Tianfu Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shu-Min Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Ren ZH, Deng HD, Deng YT, Deng JL, Zuo ZC, Yu SM, Shen LH, Cui HM, Xu ZW, Hu YC. Effect of the Fusarium toxins, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol, on the mouse brain. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 46:62-70. [PMID: 27438895 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find effects of Fusarium toxins on brain injury in mice. We evaluated the individual and combined effect of the Fusarium toxins zearalenone and deoxynivalenol on the mouse brain. We examined brain weight, protein, antioxidant indicators, and apoptosis. After 3 and 5days of treatment, increased levels of nitric oxide, total nitric oxide synthase, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and malondialdehyde were observed in the treatment groups. This was accompanied by reduced levels of brain protein, superoxide dismutase (apart from the low-dose zearalenone groups), glutathione, glutathione peroxidase activity, and percentage of apoptotic cells. By day 12, most of these indicators had returned to control group levels. The effects of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol were dose-dependent, and were synergistic in combination. Our results suggest that brain function is affected by zearalenone and deoxynivalenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - H D Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Y T Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - J L Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Z C Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - S M Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - L H Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - H M Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Z W Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Y C Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Ren ZH, Deng HD, Wang YC, Deng JL, Zuo ZC, Wang Y, Peng X, Cui HM, Fang J, Yu SM, Shen LH, Hu YC. The Fusarium toxin zearalenone and deoxynivalenol affect murine splenic antioxidant functions, interferon levels, and T-cell subsets. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 41:195-200. [PMID: 26722803 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Fusarium toxin zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) on splenic antioxidant functions, IFN levels, and T-cell subsets in mice. Herein, 360 mice were assigned to nine groups for a 12-day study. Mice were administered an intraperitoneal injection for 4 consecutive days with different concentrations of ZEA alone, DON alone, or ZEA+DON. Spleen and blood samples were collected on days 0, 3, 5, 8, and 12. Mice in each of the experimental groups showed dysreglated splenic antioxidant functions, IFN levels, and T-cell subset frequencies, suggesting that the immune system had been affected. The ZEA+DON-treated groups, especially the group that received a higher concentration of ZEA+DON (Group D2Z2), showed more obvious effects on the dysregulation of splenic antioxidant functions, IFN levels, and T-cell subsets. This finding suggested that DON and ZEA exerted synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - H D Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Y C Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - J L Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Z C Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Y Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - X Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - H M Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - J Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - S M Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - L H Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Y C Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625014, China.
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9
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Ren ZH, Yuan W, Deng HD, Deng JL, Dan QX, Jin HT, Tian CL, Peng X, Liang Z, Gao S, Xu SH, Li G, Hu Y. Effects of antibacterial peptide on cellular immunity in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2014; 93:127-34. [PMID: 25403191 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of antibacterial peptide (ABP) sufficiency on cellular immune functions by determining the spleen cell cycle and apoptosis, peripheral blood T cell subsets, and T cell proliferation function in weaned piglets. A total of 90 piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) of both sexes were randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of 3 replicates with 6 piglets per replicate. The dietary treatments consisted of the negative control (NC; basal diet), positive control (PC; basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharide), and ABP (basal diet mixed with 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg ABP). The experimental lasted for 28 d. Two piglets from each replicate were selected randomly for blood samples extraction from the jugular vein to obtain peripheral blood T cell subsets, and T cell proliferation function analysis was performed on d 32, 39, 46, and 53. Two piglets from each replicate were selected and euthanized to observe the spleen cell cycle and apoptosis on d 39 and 53. In ABP-sufficient piglets, the G0/G1 phase of the spleen cell cycle was much lower (P < 0.05) and the S and G2 + M phases and proliferation index (PI) were greater (P < 0.05) than in NC piglets. The percentage of apoptotic cells in the spleen significantly decreased under ABP sufficiency (P < 0.05). The proliferation function of peripheral blood T cells increased (P < 0.05) in ABP-sufficient piglets. Percentages of CD3 (+) and CD3 (+)CD4 (+) ratios (d 39, 46, and 53) and CD4 (+)CD8 (+) ratios (d 32, 39, 46, and 53) increased remarkably (P < 0.05) under ABP sufficiency compared with NC. These results suggest that ABP sufficiency could increase the T cell population and proliferation function of T cells and could induce decreased percentages of apoptotic cells. Overall, the cellular immune function was evidently improved in weaned piglets. We suggest optimal dosages of 500 mg/kg ABP for 4-wk addition and 1,000 mg/kg ABP for 2-wk addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Ren
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - W Yuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - H D Deng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - J L Deng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Q X Dan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - H T Jin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - C L Tian
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - X Peng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Z Liang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - S Gao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - S H Xu
- Qianxing Veterinary Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - G Li
- Rota Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Y Hu
- Rota Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
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10
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Wang JY, Liou A, Ren ZH, Zhang L, Brown BN, Cui XT, Badylak SF, Cai YN, Guan YQ, Leak RK, Chen J, Ji X, Chen L. Neurorestorative effect of urinary bladder matrix-mediated neural stem cell transplantation following traumatic brain injury in rats. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2014; 12:413-425. [PMID: 23469853 DOI: 10.2174/1871527311312030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of cell death and disability among young adults and lacks a successful therapeutic strategy. The multiphasic injuries of TBI severely limit the success of conventional pharmacological approaches. Recent successes with transplantation of stem cells in bioactive scaffolds in other injury paradigms provide new hope for the treatment of TBI. In this study, we transplanted neural stem cells (0.5x10(5) cells/µl) cultured in a bioactive scaffold derived from porcine urinary bladder matrix (UBM; 4 injection sites, 2.5µl each) into the rat brain following controlled cortical impact (CCI, velocity, 4.0 m/sec; duration, 0.5 sec; depth, 3.2mm). We evaluated the effectiveness of this strategy to combat the loss of motor, memory and cognitive faculties. Before transplantation, compatibility experiments showed that UBM was able to support extended proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. Together with its reported anti-inflammatory properties and rapid degradation characteristics in vivo, UBM emerged to be an ideal scaffold. The transplants reduced neuron/tissue loss and white matter injury, and also significantly ameliorated motor, memory, and cognitive impairments. Furthermore, exposure to UBM alone was sufficient to decrease the loss of sensorimotor skills from TBI (examined 3-28 days post-CCI). However, only UBMs that contained proliferating neural stem cells helped attenuate memory and cognitive impairments (examined 26-28 days post-CCI). In summary, these results demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in bioactive scaffolds against TBI and show promise for translation into future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Akf Liou
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Z H Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - B N Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - X T Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - S F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Y N Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Q Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, U.S.A
| | - J Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - X Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and China International Neuroscience Institute, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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11
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Wang YC, Deng JL, Xu SW, Peng X, Zuo ZC, Cui HM, Wang Y, Ren ZH. Effects of zearalenone on calcium homeostasis of splenic lymphocytes of chickens in vitro. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1956-63. [PMID: 22802191 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic mycotoxin. It is produced by several Fusarium species and can contaminate food and feed. To investigate the role of calcium homeostasis in ZEA-induced toxicity of poultry and elucidate its cytotoxic mechanism, splenic lymphocytes isolated from chickens were exposed to ZEA (0-25 μg/mL) for 48 h. The intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), pH, calmodulin (CaM) mRNA levels, and Na+/K+-ATPase activities and Ca2+-ATPase activities were detected by the fluorescent dyes Fluo-3/AM and BCECF/AM, quantitative real-time PCR, and chromatometry. Supernatant CaM concentrations were simultaneously detected by ELISA. As the ZEA exposure concentration increased, the [Ca2+]i and CaM mRNA levels gradually increased, while intracellular pH, CaM concentrations of supernatants, and intracellular Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities gradually decreased in a dose-dependent manner. There were significant differences (P<0.05 or P<0.01) between the treatment groups and the control group. These results indicate that ZEA cytotoxicity arises by causing an imbalance in calcium homeostasis and intracellular acidification in lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, PR China
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12
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Ren ZH, Tong YH, Xu W, Ma J, Chen Y. Tanshinone II A attenuates inflammatory responses of rats with myocardial infarction by reducing MCP-1 expression. Phytomedicine 2010; 17:212-218. [PMID: 19800776 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been used effectively for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases for a long time. The mechanisms underlying this therapeutic effect are not, however, fully understood. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is one of the major active components of this Chinese medicine. Therefore, the present study was performed to investigate whether Tan IIA, which has shown a cardio-protective capacity in myocardial ischemia, has an inhibitory effect on the inflammatory responses following myocardial infarction (MI) and its potential mechanisms. In an in vivo study, rat MI model was induced by permanent left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation. After the operation rats were divided into three groups (sham, MI and Tan IIA). Tan IIA was administered intragastrically at a dose of 60mg/kg body wt./day. One week later, rats were sacrificed and the hemodynamic, pathological and molecular biological indices were examined. In an in vitro study, the inflammatory model was established by TNF-alpha stimuli on cardiacmyocyte and cardiac fibroblasts. Tan IIA attenuates the MI pathological changes and improves heart function, and reduces expression of MCP-1, TGF-beta(1) and macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, Tan IIA could also decrease the expression of TNF-alpha and activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB). In vitro, Tan IIA could reduce MCP-1 and TGF-beta(1)secretion of cardiac fibroblasts. The present study demonstrated that the cardioprotective effects of Tan IIA might be attributed to its capacity for inhibiting inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Ren
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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Wang ZX, Shi XX, Chen GR, Ren ZH, Luo L, Yan J. A new synthesis of alpha-arbutin via Lewis acid catalyzed selective glycosylation of tetra-O-benzyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate with hydroquinone. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1945-7. [PMID: 16697994 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
alpha-Arbutin has huge application potentials in the cosmetic industry, as its inhibitory effect on human tyrosinase is stronger than that of its naturally occurring anomer arbutin (4-hydroxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside). Enzymatic synthesis was preferred for alpha-arbutin previously, and now a new chemical synthesis is reported. The reaction of tetra-O-benzyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate, as glycosyl donor, with hydroquinone was initiated by catalytic amounts of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf), resulting in 4-hydroxyphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside with high stereoselectivity and yield, and then to alpha-arbutin quantitatively after deprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xia Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
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14
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Lin HX, Zhu MZ, Yano M, Gao JP, Liang ZW, Su WA, Hu XH, Ren ZH, Chao DY. QTLs for Na+ and K+ uptake of the shoots and roots controlling rice salt tolerance. Theor Appl Genet 2004; 108:253-60. [PMID: 14513218 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-003-1421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2003] [Accepted: 04/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An F2 and an equivalent F3 population derived from a cross between a high salt-tolerance indica variety, Nona Bokra, and a susceptible elite japonica variety, Koshihikari, were produced. We performed QTL mapping for physiological traits related to rice salt-tolerance. Three QTLs for survival days of seedlings (SDSs) under salt stress were detected on chromosomes 1, 6 and 7, respectively, and explained 13.9% to 18.0% of the total phenotypic variance. Based on the correlations between SDSs and other physiological traits, it was considered that damage of leaves was attributed to accumulation of Na+ in the shoot by transport of Na+ from the root to the shoot in external high concentration. We found eight QTLs including three for three traits of the shoots, and five for four traits of the roots at five chromosomal regions, controlled complex physiological traits related to rice salt-tolerance under salt stress. Of these QTLs, the two major QTLs with the very large effect, qSNC-7 for shoot Na+ concentration and qSKC-1 for shoot K+ concentration, explained 48.5% and 40.1% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. The QTLs detected between the shoots and the roots almost did not share the same map locations, suggesting that the genes controlling the transport of Na+ and K+ between the shoots and the roots may be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Lin
- SHARF Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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15
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Liu ZM, Zhou WH, Lian Z, Mu Y, Ren ZH, Cao JQ, Cai ZJ. Drug dependence and abuse potential of tramadol. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1999; 20:52-4. [PMID: 10437125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the drug dependence and abuse liability of tramadol. METHODS Subjects of opiate addicts with history of tramadol abuse were 219. Physical dependence of tramadol was assessed using opiate withdrawal scale (OWS), psychic dependence was assessed by association test of Addiction Research Center Inventory-Chinese Version (ARCI-CV); the degrees of craving experienced for tramadol was self-reported on visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS The scores of OWS of tramadol were 0.05-1.07; 3 scores on scales in particular being used the identify euphoric effects--MBG, sedative effects--PCAG, and psychotomimetic effects--LSD of ARCI were 7.3, 6.1, and 3.4, respectively (F = 38.1, P < 0.01); 57.1% of tramadol abuse subjects had craving for tramadol (chi 2 = 75.86, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Tramadol produced high abuse potential among opiate addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Liu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Beijing, China.
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16
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Abstract
A gas chromatography method using steam as the carrier gas was established for the determination of salicylic acid in plasma. A 0.5 mL plasma sample was mixed with 0.5 mL of 6N HCl and then extracted with 2 mL of dichloromethane. The dichloromethane was evaporated to dryness and the residue was redissolved in 0.5 mL of water and then analysed by gas chromatography using steam as the carrying gas. The result was calculated by external standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Li
- College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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17
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Liu AR, Ren ZH. [Development of a line of Plasmodium berghei resistant to sodium artesunate]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1987; 8:149-52. [PMID: 2959002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Niu XY, Ho LY, Ren ZH, Song ZY. Metabolic fate of Qinghaosu in rats; a new TLC densitometric method for its determination in biological material. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1985; 10:55-9. [PMID: 4029221 DOI: 10.1007/bf03189697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the sixties, the emergence of malarial parasites resistant to the most potent anti-malarials has posed a serious problem to the therapy of malaria. Qinghaosu, a new sesquiterpene isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb Qing-hao (Artemisia annua Linn) is being used for the treatment of malaria in China with good results even in cases resistant to common anti-malarial agents. In this paper, a sensitive method of high specificity using TLC for the determination of Qinghaosu in biological specimens and in the study of the metabolism of the drug in rats is described. Qinghaosu was shown to be completely and rapidly absorbed after oral administration. However, a very low plasma level was obtained even after a dose of 300 mg/kg. Liver was found to be the chief site of its inactivation. When Qinghaisu was given intramuscularly, significant and more persistent plasma levels were detected. Qinghaosu was shown to pass the blood-brain and blood-placenta barriers after i.v. injection. Very little unchanged Qinghaosu was found in the urine and feces in 48 hours regardless of administration route (i.v., i.m. or p.o.).
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Niu XY, Bian ZJ, Ren ZH. [Metabolic fate of schizandrol A and its distribution in the rat brain determined by thin layer chromatography]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1983; 18:491-495. [PMID: 6659950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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20
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Niu XY, Wang WJ, Bian ZJ, Ren ZH. [Effects of schizandrol on the central nervous system]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1983; 18:416-21. [PMID: 6686408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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