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Breau B, Brandes M, Veidebaum T, Tornaritis M, Moreno LA, Molnár D, Lissner L, Eiben G, Lauria F, Kaprio J, De Henauw S, Ahrens W, Buck C. Longitudinal association of childhood physical activity and physical fitness with physical activity in adolescence: insights from the IDEFICS/I.Family study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:147. [PMID: 36494689 PMCID: PMC9733271 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine associations of early childhood physical fitness and physical activity (PA) with PA during later childhood/early adolescence while accounting for gender differences. METHODS We selected data of N = 4329 children from the IDEFICS/I. Family cohort (age 2.4-11.7 years) with data on baseline fitness and accelerometer measurements. At baseline, physical fitness tests were conducted including Flamingo balance, Backsaver sit and reach, Handgrip strength, Standing Long Jump, 40-m sprint and 20-m Shuttle run (to estimate cardio-respiratory fitness levels). PA was measured with Actigraph accelerometers over 3 days at baseline (ActiTrainer or GT1M) and 7 days at follow-up (GT3X). Evenson cutpoints were used to determine moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) time, and children with ≥60mins/day of average MVPA were deemed as having met WHO guidelines at baseline and follow-up. Linear and logistic regressions were performed to examine longitudinal associations between meeting WHO guidelines, MVPA, and physical fitness tests at baseline with meeting WHO guidelines and MVPA at follow-up. Models were conducted on the entire sample, the sex-stratified sample, and stratified by sex and pubertal status at follow-up. RESULTS Results showed that meeting WHO guidelines for MVPA at baseline was positively associated with MVPA (Standardized Beta (B) = 0.13, 95%CI:(5.6;11.1)) and meeting WHO guidelines at follow-up for the entire sample (OR = 2.1, 95%CI:(1.5; 3.14), and stratified by males (OR = 2.5, 95%CI:(1.5; 4.1)) and females (OR = 1.8, 95%CI:(1.0; 3.2)). This was also found for both male pre/early pubertal and pubertal groups but only in the female pre/early pubertal group, and not the female pubertal group (MVPA: B = .00, 95%CI:(- 6.1; 5.6), WHO: OR = 0.61, 95%CI:(0.23;1.6)). Models indicated that Standing Long jump, 40-m sprint, Shuttle run and Flamingo balance at baseline were associated with MVPA and meeting the guidelines at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Meeting WHO guidelines and certain fitness tests at baseline were strongly associated with MVPA and meeting WHO guidelines at follow-up, but this association varied with sex and pubertal status. Consequently, these findings underline the importance of ensuring sufficient physical activity in terms of quality and quantity for children at the earliest stages of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN62310987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky Breau
- grid.34429.380000 0004 1936 8198Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada ,grid.418465.a0000 0000 9750 3253Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mirko Brandes
- grid.418465.a0000 0000 9750 3253Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- grid.416712.70000 0001 0806 1156Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Michael Tornaritis
- grid.513172.3Research and Education Institute of Child health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain ,grid.484042.e0000 0004 5930 4615Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dénes Molnár
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 9479Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lauren Lissner
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Eiben
- grid.412798.10000 0001 2254 0954Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Fabio Lauria
- grid.429574.90000 0004 1781 0819Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- grid.418465.a0000 0000 9750 3253Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christoph Buck
- grid.418465.a0000 0000 9750 3253Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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