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Luo HQ, Huang YM, Li J, Tang XD, Chen R, Wang Y, Ren J, Dai QQ, Lan LB, Chen JY, Li XY. DHA inhibits invasion and metastasis in NSCLC cells by interfering with CCL18/STAT3 signaling pathway. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2311-2320. [PMID: 36217054 PMCID: PMC10543829 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 has been proposed as an antitumor substance that suppresses the growth and metastasis of multiple types of tumor cells, including lung cancer, but the specific mechanisms involved remain obscure. Our previous studies showed that the expression of chemokine ligand 18 was related to the migration and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we aim to explore whether omega-3 inhibits invasion and metastasis of NSCLC by regulating the expression of CCL18. The expression of CCL18, metastasis- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes at mRNA and protein levels in NSCLC cell lines were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. The metastatic and invasive capability of NSCLC cells were evaluated by scratch wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Our results showed that the level of CCL18 is positively associated with metastatic ability of NSCLC cells. Docosahexaenoic acid, an important long-chain, polyunsaturated omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid, significantly inhibited invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells, and concomitantly downregulated the expression of metastasis- and EMT-related genes and p-STAT3 signaling pathway. Additionally, we found that DHA inhibited CCL18 expression in lung cancer cells, while overexpression of CCL18 effectively reversed DHA-mediated downregulation in the expression of metastasis- and EMT-related genes and p-STAT3 signaling as well as DHA-mediated inhibitory effect on metastasis and invasion of NSCLC cells. DHA inhibits NSCLC cell invasion and metastasis possibly through targeted inhibition of CCL18/ STAT3 signaling pathway and EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qing Luo
- Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Meng Huang
- Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Tang
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ren
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Qin Dai
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu-Bo Lan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Yan Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biologically Active Molecular of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, People's Republic of China.
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