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Polo CC, Fonseca-Alaniz MH, Chen JH, Ekman A, McDermott G, Meneau F, Krieger JE, Miyakawa AA. Three-dimensional imaging of mitochondrial cristae complexity using cryo-soft X-ray tomography. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21045. [PMID: 33273629 PMCID: PMC7713364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that change morphology to adapt to cellular energetic demands under both physiological and stress conditions. Cardiomyopathies and neuronal disorders are associated with structure-related dysfunction in mitochondria, but three-dimensional characterizations of the organelles are still lacking. In this study, we combined high-resolution imaging and 3D electron density information provided by cryo-soft X-ray tomography to characterize mitochondria cristae morphology isolated from murine. Using the linear attenuation coefficient, the mitochondria were identified (0.247 ± 0.04 µm-1) presenting average dimensions of 0.90 ± 0.20 µm in length and 0.63 ± 0.12 µm in width. The internal mitochondria structure was successfully identified by reaching up the limit of spatial resolution of 35 nm. The internal mitochondrial membranes invagination (cristae) complexity was calculated by the mitochondrial complexity index (MCI) providing quantitative and morphological information of mitochondria larger than 0.90 mm in length. The segmentation to visualize the cristae invaginations into the mitochondrial matrix was possible in mitochondria with MCI ≥ 7. Altogether, we demonstrated that the MCI is a valuable quantitative morphological parameter to evaluate cristae modelling and can be applied to compare healthy and disease state associated to mitochondria morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C Polo
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Centre for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Miriam H Fonseca-Alaniz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Axel Ekman
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Florian Meneau
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Centre for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - José E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ayumi A Miyakawa
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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