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Xiao R, Xu D, Zhang M, Chen Z, Cheng L, Du S, Lu M, Zhou T, Li R, Bai F, Huang Y. Aneuploid embryonic stem cells drive teratoma metastasis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1087. [PMID: 38316790 PMCID: PMC10844504 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy, a deviation of the chromosome number from euploidy, is one of the hallmarks of cancer. High levels of aneuploidy are generally correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis in cancer patients. However, the causality of aneuploidy in cancer metastasis remains to be explored. Here we demonstrate that teratomas derived from aneuploid murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs), but not from isogenic diploid ESCs, disseminated to multiple organs, for which no additional copy number variations were required. Notably, no cancer driver gene mutations were identified in any metastases. Aneuploid circulating teratoma cells were successfully isolated from peripheral blood and showed high capacities for migration and organ colonization. Single-cell RNA sequencing of aneuploid primary teratomas and metastases identified a unique cell population with high stemness that was absent in diploid ESCs-derived teratomas. Further investigation revealed that aneuploid cells displayed decreased proteasome activity and overactivated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during differentiation, thereby restricting the degradation of proteins produced from extra chromosomes in the ESC state and causing differentiation deficiencies. Noticeably, both proteasome activator Oleuropein and ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA can effectively inhibit aneuploid teratoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Deshu Xu
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Meili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Songjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Mingfei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Tonghai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ruoyan Li
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fan Bai
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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