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Casillo A, D’Angelo C, Imbimbo P, Monti DM, Parrilli E, Lanzetta R, Gomez d’Ayala G, Mallardo S, Corsaro MM, Duraccio D. Aqueous Extracts from Hemp Seeds as a New Weapon against Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16026. [PMID: 38003214 PMCID: PMC10671263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antibiofilm activity of water-soluble extracts obtained under different pH conditions from Cannabis sativa seeds and from previously defatted seeds. The chemical composition of the extracts, determined through GC-MS and NMR, revealed complex mixtures of fatty acids, monosaccharides, amino acids and glycerol in ratios depending on extraction pH. In particular, the extract obtained at pH 7 from defatted seeds (Ex7d) contained a larger variety of sugars compared to the others. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were found in all of the analysed extracts, but linoleic acid (C18:2) was detected only in the extracts obtained at pH 7 and pH 10. The extracts did not show cytotoxicity to HaCaT cells and significantly inhibited the formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. The exception was the extract obtained at pH 10, which appeared to be less active. Ex7d showed the highest antibiofilm activity, i.e., around 90%. Ex7d was further fractionated by HPLC, and the antibiofilm activity of all fractions was evaluated. The 2D-NMR analysis highlighted that the most active fraction was largely composed of glycerolipids. This evidence suggested that these molecules are probably responsible for the observed antibiofilm effect but does not exclude a possible synergistic contribution by the other components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Casillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Caterina D’Angelo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Ermenegilda Parrilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Rosa Lanzetta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Giovanna Gomez d’Ayala
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB)-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Mallardo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB)-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.C.); (C.D.); (P.I.); (D.M.M.); (E.P.); (R.L.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Donatella Duraccio
- Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS)-CNR, Strada Delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy;
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