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Wang K, Li XE, Yuan G, Liu Z, Yang H, Li Z, Diao W, Xiao F, Wu K, Shi J. A Spear and Shield-Inspired Ar Plasma Safeguard Few-Layer Black Phosphore with Firefighting of Epoxy Resin. Small 2023; 19:e2301430. [PMID: 37093557 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Appearing as an innovative and efficient strategy, a facile strategy of a plasma ball mill is carried out to prepare few-layer black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs), for abating the fire risk of epoxy resin (EP). A spear and shield-inspired Ar plasma emergeed through a plasma ball mill to prevent Ar@BP nanosheets from oxidation compared with the preparation of BP nanosheets (MBPNSs) in a mechanical ball mill. The absorption coefficient in the synchrotron radiation spectrum is increased by 16.91%, indicating that BP is effectively protected by Ar proof. The Vienna ab initio simulation reveals that the combination of Ar@BP with oxygen cannot proceed spontaneously with the binding energy of 4.44 eV. With the introduction of 1.5 wt% Ar@BP, the total heat release (THR), total smoke release (TSR), total smoke production(TSP), CO, and CO2 yield, compared with that of EP, are descended by 30.40%, 24.41%, 24.10%, 33.23%, and 37.60%, respectively, indicating excellent flame retardancy property. It is attributed to the condensed and gas phase function. Meanwhile, the tensile strength and elongation at break increase by 27.92% and 56.04%, respectively, with the incorporation of 1.5 wt% Ar@BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunxin Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-E Li
- Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Guoming Yuan
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Diao
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xiao
- School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
- New Materials Research Institute of CASCHEM (Chongqing) Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
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Fan G, Zheng Z, Zhu Z. Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Gasoline Engine Blended Combustion Syngas. ACS Omega 2022; 7:26375-26395. [PMID: 35936425 PMCID: PMC9352255 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is an effective way to introduce syngas fuel into gasoline engine for blending combustion to improve combustion and reduce emissions. In this paper, the combustion and emission characteristics of the direct injection engine under the condition of mixed combustion of syngas were analyzed by a numerical simulation method. The engine ran at 2000 rpm, and the mass fraction of syngas was from 0 to 20%. The results showed that with the increase in the mass ratio of syngas in the dual fuel, the average pressure and temperature in the cylinder increased first and then decreased. The maximum in-cylinder pressure and in-cylinder temperature increased by 27.5 and 2.97%, respectively. The instantaneous heat release rate also showed a law of first increasing and then decreasing, in which the peak value of the instantaneous heat release rate increased by 32.1% at the highest. In addition, with the increase in the ratio of syngas, the emission of nitrogen oxides in the cylinder gradually decreased, with a maximum reduction of 27.4%. The unburned hydrocarbons first decreased and then increased, with a maximum reduction of 7.6%. Meanwhile, the emission of carbon dioxide was negatively correlated with the ratio of syngas in the dual fuel. With the increase in hydrogen ratio in syngas, the carbon monoxide was gradually reduced, with a maximum reduction of 65%. The carbon dioxide increased first and then decreased, with a maximum addition of 4.8%. The ratio of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in syngas had little effect on the emission of unburned hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtao Fan
- Key
Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems,
Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhaolei Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems,
Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ziji Zhu
- Propulsion
Control and Integration Application Department, SAIC Motor Passenger Vehicle Co., Shanghai 201804, China
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