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Masmudi-Martín M, López-Aranda MF, Navarro-Lobato I, Khan ZU. A role of frontal association cortex in long-term object recognition memory of objects with complex features in rats. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1743-1752. [PMID: 38238909 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Perirhinal cortex is a brain area that has been considered crucial for the object recognition memory (ORM). However, with the use of an ORM enhancer named RGS14414 as gain-in-function tool, we show here that frontal association cortex and not the Perirhinal cortex is essential for the ORM of objects with complex features that consisted of detailed drawing on the object surface (complex ORM). An expression of RGS14414, in rat brain frontal association cortex, induced the formation of long-term complex ORM, whereas the expression of the same memory enhancer in Perirhinal cortex failed to produce this effect. Instead, RGS14414 expression in Perirhinal cortex caused the formation of ORM of objects with simple features that consisted of the shape of object (simple ORM). Further, a selective elimination of frontal association cortex neurons by treatment with an immunotoxin Ox7-SAP completely abrogated the formation of complex ORM. Thus, our results suggest that frontal association cortex plays a key role in processing of a high-order recognition memory information in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Masmudi-Martín
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, CIMES, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Brain Metastasis Group, National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel F López-Aranda
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, CIMES, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Irene Navarro-Lobato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, CIMES, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zafar U Khan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, CIMES, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- CIBERNED, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Garrigós M, Veiga J, Garrido M, Marín C, Recuero J, Rosales MJ, Morales-Yuste M, Martínez-de la Puente J. Avian Plasmodium in invasive and native mosquitoes from southern Spain. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:40. [PMID: 38287455 PMCID: PMC10826103 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of diseases of public health concern is enhanced by factors associated with global change, such as the introduction of invasive species. The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), considered a competent vector of different viruses and parasites, has been successfully introduced into Europe in recent decades. Molecular screening of parasites in mosquitoes (i.e. molecular xenomonitoring) is essential to understand the potential role of different native and invasive mosquito species in the local circulation of vector-borne parasites affecting both humans and wildlife. METHODS The presence of avian Plasmodium parasites was molecularly tested in mosquitoes trapped in five localities with different environmental characteristics in southern Spain from May to November 2022. The species analyzed included the native Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata and the invasive Ae. albopictus. RESULTS Avian Plasmodium DNA was only found in Cx. pipiens with 31 positive out of 165 mosquito pools tested. None of the Ae. albopictus or Cs. longiareolata pools were positive for avian malaria parasites. Overall, eight Plasmodium lineages were identified, including a new lineage described here. No significant differences in parasite prevalence were found between localities or sampling sessions. CONCLUSIONS Unlike the invasive Ae. albopictus, Cx. pipiens plays a key role in the transmission of avian Plasmodium in southern Spain. However, due to the recent establishment of Ae. albopictus in the area, further research on the role of this species in the local transmission of vector-borne pathogens with different reservoirs is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Garrigós
- Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain.
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús Veiga
- Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Garrido
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Recuero
- Veterinary and Conservation Department, Bioparc Fuengirola, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Seville, Spain.
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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Mena-Osuna R, Mantrana A, Guil-Luna S, Sánchez-Montero MT, Navarrete-Sirvent C, Morales-Ruiz T, Rivas-Crespo A, Toledano-Fonseca M, García-Ortíz MV, García-Jurado G, Gómez-España MA, González-Fernández R, Villar C, Medina-Fernández FJ, Villalba JM, Aranda E, Rodríguez-Ariza A. Metabolic shift underlies tumor progression and immune evasion in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-deficient cancer. J Pathol 2023. [PMID: 37017456 DOI: 10.1002/path.6080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a denitrosylase enzyme that has been suggested to play a tumor suppressor role, although the mechanisms responsible are still largely unclear. In this study, we show that GSNOR deficiency in tumors is associated with poor prognostic histopathological features and poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). GSNOR-low tumors were characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment with exclusion of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Notably, GSNOR-low tumors exhibited an immune evasive proteomic signature along with an altered energy metabolism characterized by impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and energetic dependence on glycolytic activity. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated generation of GSNOR gene knockout (KO) CRC cells confirmed in vitro and in vivo that GSNOR-deficiency conferred higher tumorigenic and tumor-initiating capacities. Moreover, GSNOR-KO cells possessed enhanced immune evasive properties and resistance to immunotherapy, as revealed following xenografting them into humanized mouse models. Importantly, GSNOR-KO cells were characterized by a metabolic shift from OXPHOS to glycolysis to produce energy, as indicated by increased lactate secretion, higher sensitivity to 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), and a fragmented mitochondrial network. Real-time metabolic analysis revealed that GSNOR-KO cells operated close to their maximal glycolytic rate, as a compensation for lower OXPHOS levels, explaining their higher sensitivity to 2DG. Remarkably, this higher susceptibility to glycolysis inhibition with 2DG was validated in patient-derived xenografts and organoids from clinical GSNOR-low tumors. In conclusion, our data support the idea that metabolic reprogramming induced by GSNOR deficiency is an important mechanism for tumor progression and immune evasion in CRC and that the metabolic vulnerabilities associated with the deficiency of this denitrosylase can be exploited therapeutically. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Mena-Osuna
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Mantrana
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Silvia Guil-Luna
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cancer Network Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | - Teresa Morales-Ruiz
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Genetics, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Rivas-Crespo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Toledano-Fonseca
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cancer Network Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gema García-Jurado
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Auxiliadora Gómez-España
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael González-Fernández
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Immunology Department, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Villar
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Villalba
- Cell Biology, Immunology and Physiology Department, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cancer Network Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cancer Network Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
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