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McCradden M, Hui K, Buchman DZ. Evidence, ethics and the promise of artificial intelligence in psychiatry. J Med Ethics 2023; 49:573-579. [PMID: 36581457 PMCID: PMC10423547 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2022-108447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Researchers are studying how artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to better detect, prognosticate and subgroup diseases. The idea that AI might advance medicine's understanding of biological categories of psychiatric disorders, as well as provide better treatments, is appealing given the historical challenges with prediction, diagnosis and treatment in psychiatry. Given the power of AI to analyse vast amounts of information, some clinicians may feel obligated to align their clinical judgements with the outputs of the AI system. However, a potential epistemic privileging of AI in clinical judgements may lead to unintended consequences that could negatively affect patient treatment, well-being and rights. The implications are also relevant to precision medicine, digital twin technologies and predictive analytics generally. We propose that a commitment to epistemic humility can help promote judicious clinical decision-making at the interface of big data and AI in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa McCradden
- Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Bioethics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genetics & Genome Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katrina Hui
- Everyday Ethics Lab, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Z Buchman
- Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Everyday Ethics Lab, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Harish V, Grewal K, Mamdani M, Thiruganasambandamoorthy V. Teaching old tools new tricks-preparing emergency medicine for the impact of machine learning-based risk prediction models. CAN J EMERG MED 2023; 25:365-369. [PMID: 36933121 PMCID: PMC10024279 DOI: 10.1007/s43678-023-00480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinyas Harish
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Temerty Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research and Education in Medicine (T-CAIREM), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Keerat Grewal
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mamdani
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research and Education in Medicine (T-CAIREM), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Data Science and Advanced Analytics, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Venkatesh Thiruganasambandamoorthy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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