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Brinkkemper M, Brouwer PJM, Maisonnasse P, Grobben M, Caniels TG, Poniman M, Burger JA, Bontjer I, Oomen M, Bouhuijs JH, van der Linden CA, Villaudy J, van der Velden YU, Sliepen K, van Gils MJ, Le Grand R, Sanders RW. A third SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccination improves neutralization of variants-of-concern. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:146. [PMID: 34862406 PMCID: PMC8642392 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that are more resistant to antibody-mediated neutralization pose a new hurdle in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Although vaccines based on the original Wuhan sequence have been shown to be effective at preventing COVID-19, their efficacy is likely to be decreased against more neutralization-resistant variants-of-concern (VOC), in particular, the Beta variant originating in South Africa. We assessed, in mice, rabbits, and non-human primates, whether a third vaccination with experimental Wuhan-based Spike vaccines could alleviate this problem. Our data show that a third immunization improves neutralizing antibody titers against the variants-of-concern, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), and Delta (B.1.617.2). After three vaccinations, the level of neutralization against Beta was similar to the level of neutralization against the original strain after two vaccinations, suggesting that simply providing a third immunization could nullify the reduced activity of current vaccines against VOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Brinkkemper
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Philip J M Brouwer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline Maisonnasse
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marloes Grobben
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Tom G Caniels
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Meliawati Poniman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Judith A Burger
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja Bontjer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Oomen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Joey H Bouhuijs
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia A van der Linden
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Villaudy
- AIMM Therapeutics BV, Amsterdam, 1105, BA, The Netherlands
- J&S Preclinical Solutions, Oss, 5345, RR, The Netherlands
| | - Yme U van der Velden
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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