1
|
Mpoudi-Etame M, Tovar Sanchez T, Bousmah MAQ, Omgba Bassega P, Olinga J, Mimbe E, Foalem M, Chiep C, Edimo S, Varloteaux M, Pelloquin R, Lamare N, Boyer S, Peeters M, Reynes J, Calmy A, Hill A, Delaporte E, Kouanfack C. Durability of the Efficacy and Safety of Dolutegravir-Based and Low-Dose Efavirenz-Based Regimens for the Initial Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Cameroon: Week 192 Data of the NAMSAL-ANRS-12313 Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad582. [PMID: 38156046 PMCID: PMC10754645 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A prospective study was extended to the new antiretroviral and monitoring strategies in HIV-infected adults in low-income countries (NAMSAL-ANRS)-12313 trial, a 96-week open-label, multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial comparing dolutegravir (DTG) 50 mg with efavirenz 400 mg (EFV400), both administered with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and lamivudine (TDF/3TC) as first-line treatment for antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive people living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). Noninferiority of DTG to EFV400 was demonstrated at 48-week and sustained at 96 weeks. Here, we present results at 192-week. Methods Previous trial participants were reconsented and followed up on their initial randomization arm (1:1 DTG/TDF/3TC:EFV400/TDF/3TC). Assessments included changes in viral suppression, biological parameters, and new serious adverse events (SAEs). Results Among the participants enrolled in the trial, 81% (499/613) were analyzed at week 192: 84% (261/310) on DTG/TDF/3TC and 78% (238/303) on EFV400/TDF/3TC. HIV RNA suppression was maintained in 69% (214/310) on DTG/TDF/3TC-based and 62% (187/303) on EFV400/TDF/3TC-based regimens (difference, 7.3% [95% confidence interval, -.20 to 14.83]; P = .057). Five (DTG/TDF/3TC = 2; EFV400/TDF/3TC = 3) new viral failures (World Health Organization definition) without related resistance DTG mutations and 24 new SAEs were observed (DTG/TDF/3TC = 13; EFV400/TDF/3TC = 11). Mean weight gain was +9.4 kg on DTG/TDF/3TC and +5.9 kg on EFV400/TDF/3TC. The percentage of participants with obesity increased from 6.9% to 27.7% on DTG/TDF/3TC (P < .0001) and from 8.3% to 16.7% on EFV400/TDF/3TC (P = .0033). Conclusions Four-year follow-up of people with HIV on DTG- and EFV400-based regimens showed long-term efficacy and safety of both ARTs, markedly among participants on DTG/TDF/3TC with high baseline viral load. However, unexpected substantial weight gain over time was prominent among participants on DTG/TDF/3TC, which should be closely monitored. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02777229.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Mpoudi-Etame
- Service Spécialisé d'Epidemiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital Militaire de Région No.1 Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
| | - Tamara Tovar Sanchez
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Marwân-al-Qays Bousmah
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Institut Science de la Santé Publique d'Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Ceped, F-75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Justin Olinga
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
| | - Eric Mimbe
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
| | - Michel Foalem
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Camille Chiep
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
| | - Serge Edimo
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
| | - Marie Varloteaux
- Site Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes du Cameroun, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon
| | - Raphaël Pelloquin
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Nadine Lamare
- Centre de Recherches sur les Maladies Emergentes et Ré-émergentes, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Sylvie Boyer
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Institut Science de la Santé Publique d'Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Ceped, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Reynes
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Montpellier, France
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandra Calmy
- Service des maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Universitaire de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Hill
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, Inserm, Montpellier, France
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Kouanfack
- Unité de prise en charge du VIH, Hôpital de District de la Cité Verte, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon
- Hôpital du Jour, Hôpital Central de Yaoundé, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|