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Xu H, Lian L, Wang F, Jiang J, Lin Q, Xie H, Luo X, Zhu Y, Zhuo C, Wang J, Xie H, Jiang Z, Zhang J. Brassinosteroid signaling may regulate the germination of axillary buds in ratoon rice. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:76. [PMID: 32059642 PMCID: PMC7023735 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice ratooning has traditionally been an important component of the rice cropping system in China. However, compared with the rice of the first harvest, few studies on factors effecting ratoon rice yield have been conducted. Because ratoon rice is a one-season rice cultivated using axillary buds that germinate on rice stakes and generate panicles after the first crop's harvest, its production is mainly affected by the growth of axillary buds. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the sprouting mechanism of axillary buds to improve the ratoon rice yield. RESULTS First, we observed the differentiation and growth dynamics of axillary buds at different nodes of Shanyou 63, and found that they differentiated from bottom to top before the heading of the mother stem, and that they developed very slowly. After heading they differentiated from top to bottom, and the ones on the top, especially the top 2nd node, developed much faster than those at the other nodes. The average length and dry weight of the axillary buds were significantly greater than those at other nodes by the yellow ripe stage, and they differentiated into pistils and stamens by 6 d after the yellow ripe stage. The morphology of vegetative organs from regenerated tillers of Shanyou 63 also suggested the superior growth of the upper buds, which was regulated by hormones, in ratoon rice. Furthermore, a comprehensive proteome map of the rice axillary buds at the top 2nd node before and after the yellow ripe stage was established, and some proteins involved in steroid biosynthesis were significantly increased. Of these, four took part in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. Thus, BR signaling may play a role in the germination of axillary buds of ratoon rice. CONCLUSIONS The data provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying BR signaling, and may allow researchers to explore further the biological functions of endogenous BRs in the germination of axillary buds of ratoon rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Lian
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Fuxiang Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Jiahuan Jiang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Hongguang Xie
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Chuanying Zhuo
- Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs of Youxi County, Sanming, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Jinlan Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Huaan Xie
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhaowei Jiang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China.
| | - Jianfu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding of Hybrid Rice for South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Incubator of National Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding between Fujian and Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Fuzhou Branch, National Rice Improvement Center of China, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rice Molecular Breeding, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
- Base of South China, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, P.R. China, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China.
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Shi L, Vasseur L, Huang H, Zeng Z, Hu G, Liu X, You M. Adult Tea Green Leafhoppers, Empoasca onukii (Matsuda), Change Behaviors under Varying Light Conditions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168439. [PMID: 28103237 PMCID: PMC5245864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect behaviors are often influenced by light conditions including photoperiod, light intensity, and wavelength. Understanding pest insect responses to changing light conditions may help with developing alternative strategies for pest control. Little is known about the behavioral responses of leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) to light conditions. The behavior of the tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii Matsuda, was examined when exposed to different light photoperiods or wavelengths. Observations included the frequency of locomotion and cleaning activities, and the duration of time spent searching. The results suggested that under normal photoperiod both female and male adults were generally more active in darkness (i.e., at night) than in light. In continuous darkness (DD), the locomotion and cleaning events in Period 1 (7:00-19:00) were significantly increased, when compared to the leafhoppers under normal photoperiod (LD). Leafhoppers, especially females, changed their behavioral patterns to a two day cycle under DD. Under continuous illumination (continuous quartz lamp light, yellow light at night, and green light at night), the activities of locomotion, cleaning, and searching were significantly suppressed during the night (19:00-7:00) and locomotion activities of both females and males were significantly increased during the day (7:00-19:00), suggesting a shift in circadian rhythm. Our work suggests that changes in light conditions, including photoperiod and wavelength, can influence behavioral activities of leafhoppers, potentially affecting other life history traits such as reproduction and development, and may serve as a method for leafhopper behavioral control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqing Shi
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Fujian and Taiwan, China Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liette Vasseur
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Fujian and Taiwan, China Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Huoshui Huang
- Quanzhou Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of People's Republic of China, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhaohua Zeng
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiping Hu
- Jiangxi Serculture and Tea Research Institute, Nanchang County, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Fujian and Taiwan, China Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minsheng You
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Fujian and Taiwan, China Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
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