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Armién B, Muñoz C, Cedeño H, Salazar JR, Salinas TP, González P, Trujillo J, Sánchez D, Mariñas J, Hernández A, Cruz H, Villarreal LY, Grimaldo E, González S, Nuñez H, Hesse S, Rivera F, Edwards G, Chong R, Mendoza O, Meza M, Herrera M, Kant R, Esquivel R, Estripeaut D, Serracín D, Denis B, Robles E, Mendoza Y, Gonzalez G, Tulloch F, Pascale JM, Dunnum JL, Cook JA, Armién AG, Gracia F, Guerrero GA, de Mosca I. Hantavirus in Panama: Twenty Years of Epidemiological Surveillance Experience. Viruses 2023; 15:1395. [PMID: 37376694 DOI: 10.3390/v15061395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty years have passed since the emergence of hantavirus zoonosis in Panama at the beginning of this millennium. We provide an overview of epidemiological surveillance of hantavirus disease (hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and hantavirus fever) during the period 1999-2019 by including all reported and confirmed cases according to the case definition established by the health authority. Our findings reveal that hantavirus disease is a low-frequency disease, affecting primarily young people, with a relatively low case-fatality rate compared to other hantaviruses in the Americas (e.g., ANDV and SNV). It presents an annual variation with peaks every 4-5 years and an interannual variation influenced by agricultural activities. Hantavirus disease is endemic in about 27% of Panama, which corresponds to agroecological conditions that favor the population dynamics of the rodent host, Oligoryzomys costaricensis and the virus (Choclo orthohantavirus) responsible for hantavirus disease. However, this does not rule out the existence of other endemic areas to be characterized. Undoubtedly, decentralization of the laboratory test and dissemination of evidence-based surveillance guidelines and regulations have standardized and improved diagnosis, notification at the level of the primary care system, and management in intensive care units nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blas Armién
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENACYT), Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Region of Los Santos, Ministry of Health, Las Tablas, Los Santos 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Hector Cedeño
- National Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Panama City 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Jacqueline R Salazar
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Tybbyssay P Salinas
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Publio González
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - José Trujillo
- Hospital Gustavo Nelson Collado, Caja de Seguro Social, Chitre, Herrera 0816-06808, Panama
| | - Deyanira Sánchez
- Hospital Rural de Tonosí, Ministerio de Salud, Tonosi, Los Santos 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Jamileth Mariñas
- Hospital Rural de Tonosí, Ministerio de Salud, Tonosi, Los Santos 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Ayvar Hernández
- Hospital Rural de Tonosí, Ministerio de Salud, Tonosi, Los Santos 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Harmodio Cruz
- Hospital Rural de Tonosí, Ministerio de Salud, Tonosi, Los Santos 0816-06812, Panama
| | | | - Elba Grimaldo
- Hospital Joaquín Pablo Franco Sayas, Ministry of Health, Las Tablas, Los Santos 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Samuel González
- Hospital Gustavo Nelson Collado, Caja de Seguro Social, Chitre, Herrera 0816-06808, Panama
| | - Heydy Nuñez
- Hospital Ezequiel Abadía, Caja de Seguro Social, Soná, Veraguas 0816-06808, Panama
- Department of Epidemiology, Caja de Seguro Social, Santiago, Veraguas 0816-06808, Panama
| | - Susana Hesse
- Hospital Dr. Luis Chicho Fábrega, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Veraguas 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Fernando Rivera
- Hospital Dr. Luis Chicho Fábrega, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Veraguas 0816-06812, Panama
| | - George Edwards
- Hospital Dr. Luis Chicho Fábrega, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Veraguas 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Ricardo Chong
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Region of Veraguas, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Veraguas 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Ovidio Mendoza
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Region of Veraguas, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Veraguas 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Martín Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Region of Herrera, Ministry of Health, Chitre, Herrera 0816-06812, Panama
| | - Milagro Herrera
- Hospital Regional Rafael Estevez, Caja de Seguro Social, Aguadulce, Coclé 0816-06808, Panama
| | - Rudick Kant
- Department of Epidemiology of the Caja de Seguro Social, Panama City 0816-06808, Panama
| | - Raul Esquivel
- Hospital del Niño José Renal Esquivel, Panama City 0816-00383, Panama
| | - Dora Estripeaut
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENACYT), Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
- Hospital del Niño José Renal Esquivel, Panama City 0816-00383, Panama
| | - Demetrio Serracín
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Bernardino Denis
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Esthefani Robles
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Yaxelis Mendoza
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENACYT), Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Gloria Gonzalez
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | | | - Juan Miguel Pascale
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Jonathan L Dunnum
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Joseph A Cook
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Anibal G Armién
- California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System (CAHFS), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | | - Itza de Mosca
- National Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Panama City 0816-06812, Panama
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Gonzalez P, Salazar JR, Salinas TP, Avila M, Colella JP, Dunnum JL, Glass GE, Gonzalez G, Juarez E, Lindblade K, Pile E, Mendoza Y, Pascale JM, Armien AG, Cook JA, Armien B. Two Decades of Wildlife Pathogen Surveillance: Case Study of Choclo orthohantavirus and Its Wild Reservoir Oligoryzomys costaricensis. Viruses 2023; 15:1390. [PMID: 37376689 DOI: 10.3390/v15061390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Costa Rican pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys costaricensis) is the primary reservoir of Choclo orthohantavirus (CHOV), the causal agent of hantavirus disease, pulmonary syndrome, and fever in humans in Panama. Since the emergence of CHOV in early 2000, we have systematically sampled and archived rodents from >150 sites across Panama to establish a baseline understanding of the host and virus, producing a permanent archive of holistic specimens that we are now probing in greater detail. We summarize these collections and explore preliminary habitat/virus associations to guide future wildlife surveillance and public health efforts related to CHOV and other zoonotic pathogens. Host sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene form a single monophyletic clade in Panama, despite wide distribution across Panama. Seropositive samples were concentrated in the central region of western Panama, consistent with the ecology of this agricultural commensal and the higher incidence of CHOV in humans in that region. Hantavirus seroprevalence in the pygmy rice rat was >15% overall, with the highest prevalence in agricultural areas (21%) and the lowest prevalence in shrublands (11%). Host-pathogen distribution, transmission dynamics, genomic evolution, and habitat affinities can be derived from the preserved samples, which include frozen tissues, and now provide a foundation for expanded investigations of orthohantaviruses in Panama.
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Affiliation(s)
- Publio Gonzalez
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Jacqueline R Salazar
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Tybbysay P Salinas
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Mario Avila
- Department of Vector Control-Herrera Health Region, Ministry of Health, Panama City 0843-03441, Panama
| | - Jocelyn P Colella
- Biodiversity Institute & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Jonathan L Dunnum
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Gregory E Glass
- Department of Geography & Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gloria Gonzalez
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Enos Juarez
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Kimberly Lindblade
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Edwin Pile
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Yaxelis Mendoza
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENACYT), Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Juan Miguel Pascale
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Anibal G Armien
- California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System (CAHFS), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Joseph A Cook
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Blas Armien
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENACYT), Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
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