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Katoh T, Suga H. Fine-tuning the tRNA anticodon arm for multiple/consecutive incorporations of β-amino acids and analogs. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae219. [PMID: 38572748 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal incorporation of β-amino acids into nascent peptides is much less efficient than that of the canonical α-amino acids. To overcome this, we have engineered a tRNA chimera bearing T-stem of tRNAGlu and D-arm of tRNAPro1, referred to as tRNAPro1E2, which efficiently recruits EF-Tu and EF-P. Using tRNAPro1E2 indeed improved β-amino acid incorporation. However, multiple/consecutive incorporations of β-amino acids are still detrimentally poor. Here, we attempted fine-tuning of the anticodon arm of tRNAPro1E2 aiming at further enhancement of β-amino acid incorporation. By screening various mutations introduced into tRNAPro1E2, C31G39/C28G42 mutation showed an approximately 3-fold enhancement of two consecutive incorporation of β-homophenylglycine (βPhg) at CCG codons. The use of this tRNA made it possible for the first time to elongate up to ten consecutive βPhg's. Since the enhancement effect of anticodon arm mutations differs depending on the codon used for β-amino acid incorporation, we optimized anticodon arm sequences for five codons (CCG, CAU, CAG, ACU and UGG). Combination of the five optimal tRNAs for these codons made it possible to introduce five different kinds of β-amino acids and analogs simultaneously into model peptides, including a macrocyclic scaffold. This strategy would enable ribosomal synthesis of libraries of macrocyclic peptides containing multiple β-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Katoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Liang H, Otsubo K, Wakabayashi Y, Sagayama H, Kawaguchi S, Kitagawa H. A Three-Dimensionally Extended Metal-Organic Ladder Compound Exhibiting Proton Conduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400162. [PMID: 38339815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Ladder systems situated in the dimensional crossover region have attracted much attention because their electronic states and physical properties depend strongly on the electronic correlations among the constituent legs. Generally, two-/three-legged transition metal-oxide ladder compounds are studied as representative ladder systems, but two-/three-dimensional (2D/3D) extensions based on such ladder systems with a few numbers of legs are difficult because of the extreme synthesis conditions. Here, for the first time, we report the successful creation of a 3D extended two-legged ladder compound, [Pt(en)(dpye)I]2(NO3)4 ⋅ 2H2O (en=ethylenediamine; dpye=1,2-Di(4-pyridyl)ethane), which is obtained by simple oxidative polymerization of a small Pt macrocyclic complex using elemental I2. The unique 3D extended lattice consists of 1D mixed-valence halogen-bridged metal chains (⋅⋅⋅Pt-I-Pt-I⋅⋅⋅) and helically arranged macrocyclic units as the constituent legs and rungs, as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Diffuse X-ray scattering analyses and optical measurements revealed that the out-of-phase mixed-valence Pt2+/Pt4+ arrangement arises from the weak interchain correlation among adjacent legs. In addition, this compound shows an increase in proton conductivity by a factor of up to 1000, depending on humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Otsubo
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Sagayama
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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3
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Kidani Y, Kitagawa Y, Hagiwara M, Kawashima A, Kanazawa T, Wada H, Uemura M, Nonomura N, Motooka D, Nakamura S, Ohkura N, Sakaguchi S. Downregulation of TCF7 and LEF1 is a key determinant of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cell function. Int Immunol 2024; 36:167-182. [PMID: 38169425 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)-expressing regulatory T (Treg) cells play essential roles in immune homeostasis but also contribute to establish a favorable environment for tumor growth by suppressing anti-tumor immune responses. It is thus necessary to specifically target tumor-infiltrating Treg cells to minimize effects on immune homeostasis in cancer immunotherapy. However, molecular features that distinguish tumor-infiltrating Treg cells from those in secondary lymphoid organs remain unknown. Here we characterize distinct features of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells by global analyses of the transcriptome and chromatin landscape. They exhibited activated phenotypes with enhanced Foxp3-dependent transcriptional regulation, yet being distinct from activated Treg cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Such differences may be attributed to the extensive clonal expansion of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells. Moreover, we found that TCF7 and LEF1 were specifically downregulated in tumor-infiltrating Treg cells both in mice and humans. These factors and Foxp3 co-occupied Treg suppressive function-related gene loci in secondary lymphoid organ Treg cells, whereas the absence of TCF7 and LEF1 accompanied altered gene expression and chromatin status at these gene loci in tumor-infiltrating Treg cells. Functionally, overexpression of TCF7 and LEF1 in Treg cells inhibited the enhancement of Treg suppressive function upon activation. Our results thus show the downregulation of TCF7 and LEF1 as markers of highly suppressive Treg cells in tumors and suggest that their absence controls the augmentation of Treg suppressive function in tumors. These molecules may be potential targets for novel cancer immunotherapy with minimum effects on immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Kidani
- Department of Basic Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Biopharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yohko Kitagawa
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Hagiwara
- Department of Basic Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Biopharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsunari Kawashima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanazawa
- Biopharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Wada
- Department of Clinical Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motohide Uemura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naganari Ohkura
- Department of Basic Research in Tumor Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Inami E, Nishioka K, Kanasaki J. Atomic-scale view of the photoinduced structural transition to form sp 3-like bonded order phase in graphite. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21439. [PMID: 38102145 PMCID: PMC10724284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoexcitation of solids often induces structural phase transitions between different ordered phases, some of which are unprecedented and thermodynamically inaccessible. The phenomenon, known as photoinduced structural phase transition (PSPT), is of significant interest to the technological progress of advanced materials processing and the fundamental understanding of material physics. Here, we applied scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) to directly characterise the primary processes of the PSPT in graphite to form a sp3-like carbon nano-phase called diaphite. The primary challenge was to provide microscopic views of the graphite-to-diaphite transition. On an atomic scale, STM imaging of the photoexcited surface revealed the nucleation and proliferation processes of the diaphite phase; these were governed by the formation of sp3-like interlayer bonds. The growth mode of the diaphite phase depends strongly on the photon energy of excitation laser light. Different dynamical pathways were proposed to explain the formation of a sp3-like interlayer bonding. Potential mechanisms for photon-energy-dependent growth were examined based on the experimental and calculated results. The present results provide insight towards realising optical control of sp2-to-sp3 conversions and the organisation of nanoscale structures in graphene-related materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Inami
- School of Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan.
| | - Keita Nishioka
- Math. and Science Education Research Center, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 7-1 Ohgigaoka, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8501, Japan
| | - Jun'ichi Kanasaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
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Toriumi T, Ohmori H, Nagasaki Y. Design of Antioxidant Nanoparticle, which Selectively Locates and Scavenges Reactive Oxygen Species in the Gastrointestinal Tract, Increasing The Running Time of Mice. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301159. [PMID: 37526346 PMCID: PMC10520625 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during strong or unfamiliar exercise cause exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS), leading to poor health and decreased exercise performance. The application of conventional antioxidants can neither ameliorate EIGS nor improve exercise performance because of their rapid elimination and severe side effects on the mitochondria. Hence, a self-assembling nanoparticle-type antioxidant (RNPO ) that is selectively located in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract for an extended time after oral administration is developed. Interestingly, orally administered RNPO significantly enhances the running time until exhaustion in mice with increasing dosage, whereas conventional antioxidants (TEMPOL) tends to reduce the running time with increasing dosage. The running (control) and TEMPOL groups show severe damage in the GI tract and increased plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels after 80 min of running, resulting in fewer red blood cells (RBCs) and severe damage to the skeletal muscles and liver. However, the RNPO group is protected against GI tract damage and elevation of plasma LPS levels, similar to the nonrunning (sedentary) group, which prevents damage to the whole body, unlike in the control and TEMPOL groups. Based on these results, it is concluded that continuous scavenging of excessive intestinal ROS protects against gut damage and further improves exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Toriumi
- Department of Materials ScienceFaculty of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
| | - Hajime Ohmori
- University of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Faculty of Business Information SciencesJobu UniversityToyazukamachi 634‐1IsesakiGunma372‐8588Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials ScienceFaculty of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba1‐1‐1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Master's School of Medical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTennoudai 1‐1‐1TsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Center for Research in Radiation, Isotope and Earth System Sciences (CRiES)University of TsukubaTennoudai 1‐1‐1TsukubaIbaraki305‐8573Japan
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoHongo 7‐3‐1Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐8654Japan
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Konishi N, Mitani-Ueno N, Yamaji N, Ma JF. Polar localization of a rice silicon transporter requires isoleucine at both C- and N-termini as well as positively charged residues. Plant Cell 2023; 35:2232-2250. [PMID: 36891818 PMCID: PMC10226592 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is important for stable and high yields in rice (Oryza sativa), a typical Si hyperaccumulator. The high Si accumulation is achieved by the cooperation of 2 Si transporters, LOW SILICON 1 (OsLsi1) and OsLsi2, which are polarly localized in cells of the root exodermis and endodermis. However, the mechanism underlying their polar localization is unknown. Here, we identified amino acid residues critical for the polar localization of OsLsi1. Deletion of both N- and C-terminal regions resulted in the loss of its polar localization. Furthermore, the deletion of the C-terminus inhibited its trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. Detailed site-directed mutagenesis analysis showed that Ile18 at the N-terminal region and Ile285 at the C-terminal region were essential for the polar localization of OsLsi1. Moreover, a cluster of positively charged residues at the C-terminal region is also required for polar localization. Phosphorylation and Lys modifications of OsLsi1 are unlikely to be involved in its polar localization. Finally, we showed that the polar localization of OsLsi1 is required for the efficient uptake of Si. Our study not only identified critical residues required for the polar localization of OsLsi1, but also provided experimental evidence for the importance of transporter polarity for efficient nutrient uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Konishi
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Namiki Mitani-Ueno
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
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Chen L, Qin L, Zhou L, Li X, Chen Z, Sun L, Wang W, Lin Z, Zhao J, Yamaji N, Ma JF, Gu M, Xu G, Liao H. A nodule-localized phosphate transporter GmPT7 plays an important role in enhancing symbiotic N 2 fixation and yield in soybean. New Phytol 2019; 221:2013-2025. [PMID: 30317659 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen (N2 ) fixation plays a vital role in sustainable agriculture. Efficient N2 fixation requires various materials, including phosphate (Pi); however, the molecular mechanism underlying the transport of Pi into nodules and bacteroids remains largely unknown. A nodule-localized Pi transporter, GmPT7, was functionally characterized in soybean (Glycine max) and its role in N2 fixation and yield was investigated via composite and whole transgenic plants. GmPT7 protein was localized to the plasma membrane and showed transport activity for Pi in yeast. Altered expression of GmPT7 changed 33 Pi uptake from rhizosphere and translocation to bacteroids. GmPT7 was mainly localized to the outer cortex and fixation zones of the nodules. Overexpression of GmPT7 promoted nodulation, and increased plant biomass, shoot nitrogen and phosphorus content, resulting in improved soybean yield by up to 36%. Double suppression of GmPT5 and GmPT7 led to nearly complete elimination of nodulation and over 50% reduction in plant biomass, shoot nitrogen and phosphorus content, indicating that both GmPT7 and GmPT5 contribute to Pi transport for N2 fixation. Taken together, our results indicate that GmPT7 is a transporter responsible for direct Pi entry to nodules and further to fixation zones, which is required for enhancing symbiotic N2 fixation and grain yield of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Zhichang Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Zhihao Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Mian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350000, China
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Malbrunot C, Amsler C, Arguedas Cuendis S, Breuker H, Dupre P, Fleck M, Higaki H, Kanai Y, Kolbinger B, Kuroda N, Leali M, Mäckel V, Mascagna V, Massiczek O, Matsuda Y, Nagata Y, Simon MC, Spitzer H, Tajima M, Ulmer S, Venturelli L, Widmann E, Wiesinger M, Yamazaki Y, Zmeskal J. The ASACUSA antihydrogen and hydrogen program: results and prospects. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0273. [PMID: 29459412 PMCID: PMC5829175 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the ASACUSA-CUSP collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN is to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using an atomic spectroscopy beamline. A milestone was achieved in 2012 through the detection of 80 antihydrogen atoms 2.7 m away from their production region. This was the first observation of 'cold' antihydrogen in a magnetic field free region. In parallel to the progress on the antihydrogen production, the spectroscopy beamline was tested with a source of hydrogen. This led to a measurement at a relative precision of 2.7×10-9 which constitutes the most precise measurement of the hydrogen hyperfine splitting in a beam. Further measurements with an upgraded hydrogen apparatus are motivated by CPT and Lorentz violation tests in the framework of the Standard Model Extension. Unlike for hydrogen, the antihydrogen experiment is complicated by the difficulty of synthesizing enough cold antiatoms in the ground state. The first antihydrogen quantum states scan at the entrance of the spectroscopy apparatus was realized in 2016 and is presented here. The prospects for a ppm measurement are also discussed.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Antiproton physics in the ELENA era'.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Malbrunot
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Genève 23, 1211, Switzerland
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - C Amsler
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - S Arguedas Cuendis
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - H Breuker
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Dupre
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Fleck
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - H Higaki
- Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Y Kanai
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - B Kolbinger
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - N Kuroda
- Institute of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - M Leali
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Brescia, Brescia 25133, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - V Mäckel
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - V Mascagna
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Brescia, Brescia 25133, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - O Massiczek
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Y Matsuda
- Institute of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Y Nagata
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - M C Simon
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - H Spitzer
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - M Tajima
- Institute of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - S Ulmer
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Venturelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Brescia, Brescia 25133, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - E Widmann
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - M Wiesinger
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Y Yamazaki
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Zmeskal
- Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmanngasse 3, 1090 Wien, Austria
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