1
|
Peng MJ, Lin Z, Tan Z, Hu Y, Chen P, To MKT. Virtual operation for hip joint replacement implemented by Sensable_FreeForm_Modelling: A surgical drill. Int J Med Robot 2023; 19:e2552. [PMID: 37489032 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To design a virtual operation of joint replacement for surgical drills using a haptic device, SenSable_FreeForm_Modelling (SFM), to enhance surgeons' efficiency and enable "Virtual tutorial without reality" for interns. METHOD A patient with hip joint osteoarthritis is randomly selected to perform Total Hip Replacement (THR). The hip images were input into Mimics in the format of *.dicom after CT scan and then exported to SFM using the stereolithographic (*.stl) format. A surgical toolkit can be created virtually with Computer Aided Design software such as Pro-E or Ghost SDK and a visual drill scenario of THR directed by a force-respondent stick, namely Phantom. RESULT 3D models of the hip joint were rebuilt illustrating clearly that the geometrical shapes of the surgical equipment created are similar to real instruments, and the THR operation is emulated distinctly in novelty. CONCLUSION In obedience to an ancient maxim, so called 'genuine knowledge originated from practice', this simulative operation offers hands-on experience for students in the orthopaedics field with remarkable effects, contributing not only teaching cases for medical courses but also a planning basis for physical surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew JianQiao Peng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated JiangMen Hospital of TCM @ Ji'Nan University, JiangMen, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, PuNing People's Hospital, GuangDong, China
| | - ZhiJia Tan
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, University of HongKong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, University of HongKong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Peikai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, University of HongKong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Michael Kai-Tsun To
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, University of HongKong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, GuangDong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rong M, Chen D, Hu H, Chen F, Zhang Y, Xie C, Chen Z, Yu Y, Xie Y, Yao H, Huang Q, Zheng Z. Stretchable and Self-Healable Fiber-Shaped Conductors Suitable for Harsh Environments. Small 2023:e2304353. [PMID: 37620125 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Fiber-shaped conductors with high electrical conductivity, stretchability, and durability have attracted increasing attention due to their potential for integration into arbitrary wearable forms. However, these fiber conductors still suffer from low reliability and short life span, particularly in harsh environments. Herein, a conductive, environment-tolerant, stretchable, and healable fiber conductor (CESH), which consists of a self-healable and stretchable organohydrogel fiber core, a conductive and buckled silver nanowire coating, and a self-healable and waterproof protective sheath, is reported. Such a multilayer core-sheath design not only offers high stretchability (≈2400%), high electrical conductivity (1.0 × 106 S m-1 ), outstanding self-healing ability and durability, but also possesses unprecedented tolerance in harsh environments including wide working temperature (-60-20 °C), arid (≈10 % RH (RH: room humidity)), and underwater conditions. As proof-of-concept demonstrations, CESHs are integrated into various wearable formats as interconnectors to steadily perform the electric function under different mechanical deformations and harsh conditions. Such a new type of multifunctional fiber conductors can bridge the gap in stretchable and self-healing fiber technologies by providing ultrastable electrical conductance and excellent environmental tolerance, which can greatly expand the range of applications for fiber conductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Rong
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zijian Chen
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule, Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- Laboratory for Bio-inspired Mechanics and Structures, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Haimin Yao
- Laboratory for Bio-inspired Mechanics and Structures, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yin B, Wong WK, Ng YM, Yang M, Leung FKC, Wong DSH. Smart Design of Nanostructures for Boosting Tumor Immunogenicity in Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051427. [PMID: 37242669 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic method for oncology, it encounters several limitations, especially concerning low response rates and potential off-targets that elicit side effects. Furthermore, tumor immunogenicity is the critical factor that predicts the success rate of immunotherapy, which can be boosted by the application of nanotechnology. Herein, we introduce the current approach of cancer immunotherapy and its challenges and the general methods to enhance tumor immunogenicity. Importantly, this review highlights the integration of anticancer chemo/immuno-based drugs with multifunctional nanomedicines that possess imaging modality to determine tumor location and can respond to stimuli, such as light, pH, magnetic field, or metabolic changes, to trigger chemotherapy, phototherapy, radiotherapy, or catalytic therapy to upregulate tumor immunogenicity. This promotion rouses immunological memory, such as enhanced immunogenic cell death, promoted maturation of dendritic cells, and activation of tumor-specific T cells against cancer. Finally, we express the related challenges and personal perspectives of bioengineered nanomaterials for future cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wai-Ki Wong
- State Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yip-Ming Ng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Franco King-Chi Leung
- State Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dexter Siu-Hong Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu K, Cheong C, Veldsman WP, Lyu A, Cheung WK, Zhang L. Accurate and interpretable gene expression imputation on scRNA-seq data using IGSimpute. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:7111719. [PMID: 37039664 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables the quantification of gene expression at the transcriptomic level with single-cell resolution, enhancing our understanding of cellular heterogeneity. However, the excessive missing values present in scRNA-seq data hinder downstream analysis. While numerous imputation methods have been proposed to recover scRNA-seq data, high imputation performance often comes with low or no interpretability. Here, we present IGSimpute, an accurate and interpretable imputation method for recovering missing values in scRNA-seq data with an interpretable instance-wise gene selection layer (GSL). IGSimpute outperforms 12 other state-of-the-art imputation methods on 13 out of 17 datasets from different scRNA-seq technologies with the lowest mean squared error as the chosen benchmark metric. We demonstrate that IGSimpute can give unbiased estimates of the missing values compared to other methods, regardless of whether the average gene expression values are small or large. Clustering results of imputed profiles show that IGSimpute offers statistically significant improvement over other imputation methods. By taking the heart-and-aorta and the limb muscle tissues as examples, we show that IGSimpute can also denoise gene expression profiles by removing outlier entries with unexpectedly high expression values via the instance-wise GSL. We also show that genes selected by the instance-wise GSL could indicate the age of B cells from bladder fat tissue of the Tabula Muris Senis atlas. IGSimpute can impute one million cells using 64 min, and thus applicable to large datasets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - ChinWang Cheong
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Werner P Veldsman
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Aiping Lyu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - William K Cheung
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao L, Huang Y, Lu L, Yang W, Huang T, Lin Z, Lin C, Kwan H, Wong HLX, Chen Y, Sun S, Xie X, Fang X, Yang H, Wang J, Zhu L, Bian Z. Saturated long-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria contribute to enhanced colonic motility in rats. Microbiome 2018; 6:107. [PMID: 29903041 PMCID: PMC6003035 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is closely associated with gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorder, but the mechanism(s) by which bacteria interact with and affect host GI motility remains unclear. In this study, through using metabolomic and metagenomic analyses, an animal model of neonatal maternal separation (NMS) characterized by accelerated colonic motility and gut dysbiosis was used to investigate the mechanism underlying microbiota-driven motility dysfunction. RESULTS An excess of intracolonic saturated long-chain fatty acids (SLCFAs) was associated with enhanced bowel motility in NMS rats. Heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) and stearic acid (C18:0), as the most abundant odd- and even-numbered carbon SLCFAs in the colon lumen, can promote rat colonic muscle contraction and increase stool frequency. Increase of SLCFAs was positively correlated with elevated abundances of Prevotella, Lactobacillus, and Alistipes. Functional annotation found that the level of bacterial LCFA biosynthesis was highly enriched in NMS group. Essential synthetic genes Fabs were largely identified from the genera Prevotella, Lactobacillus, and Alistipes. Pseudo germ-free (GF) rats receiving fecal microbiota from NMS donors exhibited increased defecation frequency and upregulated bacterial production of intracolonic SLCFAs. Modulation of gut dysbiosis by neomycin effectively attenuated GI motility and reduced bacterial SLCFA generation in the colon lumen of NMS rats. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal a previously unknown relationship between gut bacteria, intracolonic SLCFAs, and host GI motility, suggesting the importance of SLCFA-producing bacteria in GI motility disorders. Further exploration of this relationship could lead to a precise medication targeting the gut microbiota for treating GI motility disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhao
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Lin Lu
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zesi Lin
- Preparatory Office of Shenzhen-Melbourne Institute of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyuan Lin
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Hiuyee Kwan
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Silong Sun
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xiaodong Fang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Lixin Zhu
- Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center, Department of Pediatrics, The State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, 422BRB, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Center, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|