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Reyes Castillo N, Díaz CE, Andres MF, Imperial J, Valcárcel F, González Coloma AA. Optimization of fungicidal and acaricidal metabolite production by endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:28. [PMID: 38647905 PMCID: PMC10992823 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. SPH2 was isolated from the stems of the endemic plant Bethencourtia palmensis and its extracts were found to have strong fungicidal effects against Botrytis cinerea and ixodicidal effects against Hyalomma lusitanicum at different fermentation times. In this study, the fungus was grown using three different culture media and two methodologies, Microparticulate Enhancement Cultivation (MPEC) and Semi-Solid-State Fermentation (Semi-SSF), to increase the production of secondary metabolites during submerged fermentation. The addition of an inert support to the culture medium (Semi-SSF) resulted in a significant increase in the extract production. However, when talcum powder was added to different culture media, unexpected results were observed, with a decrease in the production of the biocompounds of interest. Metabolomic analyses showed that the production of aspergillic, neoaspergillic, and neohydroxyaspergillic acids peaked in the first few days of fermentation, with notable differences observed among the methodologies and culture media. Mellein production was particularly affected by the addition of an inert support to the culture medium. These results highlight the importance of surface properties and morphology of spores and mycelia during fermentation by this fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Reyes Castillo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA), Calle de Serrano 115B, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen E Díaz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA) - CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, Tenerife, 38206, La Laguna, Spain
| | - M Fe Andres
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA), Calle de Serrano 115B, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Imperial
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Valcárcel
- Grupo de Parasitología Animal, Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA-CSIC, Carretera de La Coruña, Km 5,9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo ESGARIBER, Sociedad Española de Parasitología,, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Azucena González Coloma
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA), Calle de Serrano 115B, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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