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Palacin-Martinez C, Anel-Lopez L, Alvarez M, Neila-Montero M, Montes-Garrido R, Soriano-Úbeda C, de Paz P, Anel L, Riesco MF. The characterization of CellROX™ probes could be a crucial factor in ram sperm quality assessment. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1342808. [PMID: 38476170 PMCID: PMC10927726 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1342808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Several authors have demonstrated that low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for the physiological functions of sperm, such as capacitation, hyperactivation, acrosomal reaction and fertilization. However, high levels of ROS are associated with oxidative stress and detrimental effects on fertility. Consequently, deep characterization of ROS presence using different fluorescent probes could be crucial. In this sense, the study of intracellular ROS localization and the relationships between ROS and other conventional parameters could improve the characterization of sperm quality for semen preservation protocols in rams. In this work, a multiparametric study was carried out by analyzing four experimental groups of ram sperm with different initial qualities: fresh semen (from both breeding and nonbreeding seasons), frozen-thawed semen and, a positive control group treated with hydrogen peroxide (300 μM) as a marker of extreme damage. Sperm analyses, including viability, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, motility and kinetic parameters, were applied to compare several experimental groups with different sperm qualities. After that, the signals from two different ROS probes: CellROX™ Deep Red (CRDR) and Green (CRG), were examined by flow cytometry (percentage of cells that express ROS) and fluorescence microscopy (intracellular ROS location). Comparing conventional parameters, fresh samples from the breeding season showed the highest sperm quality, while the positive control samples showed the worst sperm quality. Concerning the ROS probes, the CRDR levels were higher in fresh samples from the breeding season than in the positive control and cryopreserved samples. Surprisingly, CRG presented its highest level (P < 0.05) in the positive control group treated with peroxide by flow cytometry. CRDR and CRG presented opposite labeling patterns that were corroborated by fluorescence microscopy, which determined that the probes localized in different parts of sperm. CRDR was found in the sperm mitochondrial region, while CRG was observed in the cell nucleus, suggesting that ROS localization is an important factor. Finally, our study indicates that CRDR is correlated with proper viability and sperm motility, and could be associated with high mitochondrial activity, while CRG is associated with sperm damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Palacin-Martinez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel-Lopez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alvarez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Marta Neila-Montero
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Rafael Montes-Garrido
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Cristina Soriano-Úbeda
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Paulino de Paz
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Celular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Marta F. Riesco
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida (Itra-ULE), Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal (INDEGSAL), University of León, León, Spain
- Celular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, León, Spain
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Juma VO, Sainz-DeMena D, Sánchez MT, García-Aznar JM. Effects of tumour heterogeneous properties on modelling the transport of radiative particles. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2023; 39:e3760. [PMID: 37496300 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Dose calculation plays a critical role in radiotherapy (RT) treatment planning, and there is a growing need to develop accurate dose deposition models that incorporate heterogeneous tumour properties. Deterministic models have demonstrated their capability in this regard, making them the focus of recent treatment planning studies as they serve as a basis for simplified models in RT treatment planning. In this study, we present a simplified deterministic model for photon transport based on the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) as a proof-of-concept to illustrate the impact of heterogeneous tumour properties on RT treatment planning. We employ the finite element method (FEM) to simulate the photon flux and dose deposition in real cases of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and neuroblastoma (NB) tumours. Importantly, in light of the availability of pipelines capable of extracting tumour properties from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, we highlight the significance of such data. Specifically, we utilise cellularity data extracted from DIPG and NB MRI images to demonstrate the importance of heterogeneity in dose calculation. Our model simplifies the process of simulating a RT treatment system and can serve as a useful starting point for further research. To simulate a full RT treatment system, one would need a comprehensive model that couples the transport of electrons and photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ogesa Juma
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Diego Sainz-DeMena
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Teresa Sánchez
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Matemáticas y Aplicaciones (IUMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Aznar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Fraga E, Medina V, Cuartero MI, García-Culebras A, Bravo-Ferrer I, Hernández-Jiménez M, Garcia-Segura JM, Hurtado O, Pradillo JM, Lizasoain I, Moro MÁ. Defective hippocampal neurogenesis underlies cognitive impairment by carotid stenosis-induced cerebral hypoperfusion in mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1219847. [PMID: 37636586 PMCID: PMC10457159 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1219847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion due to carotid artery stenosis is a major cause of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) in rodents is a well-established model of VCID where most studies have focused on white matter pathology and subsequent cognitive deficit. Therefore, our aim was to study the implication of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in hypoperfusion-induced VCID in mice, and its relationship with cognitive hippocampal deficits. Mice were subjected to BCAS; 1 and 3 months later, hippocampal memory and neurogenesis/cell death were assessed, respectively, by the novel object location (NOL) and spontaneous alternation performance (SAP) tests and by immunohistology. Hypoperfusion was assessed by arterial spin labeling-magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI). Hypoperfused mice displayed spatial memory deficits with decreased NOL recognition index. Along with the cognitive deficit, a reduced number of newborn neurons and their aberrant morphology indicated a remarkable impairment of the hippocampal neurogenesis. Both increased cell death in the subgranular zone (SGZ) and reduced neuroblast proliferation rate may account for newborn neurons number reduction. Our data demonstrate quantitative and qualitative impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis disturbances associated with cerebral hypoperfusion-cognitive deficits in mice. These findings pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for VCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Fraga
- Neurovascular Pathophysiology Group, Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Violeta Medina
- Neurovascular Pathophysiology Group, Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Cuartero
- Neurovascular Pathophysiology Group, Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia García-Culebras
- Neurovascular Pathophysiology Group, Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Bravo-Ferrer
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena Hernández-Jiménez
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- ICTS Bioimagen Complutense, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivia Hurtado
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Miguel Pradillo
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lizasoain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Moro
- Neurovascular Pathophysiology Group, Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Brain Function Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
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