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Wedler A, Bley N, Glaß M, Müller S, Rausch A, Lederer M, Urbainski J, Schian L, Obika KB, Simon T, Peters LM, Misiak C, Fuchs T, Köhn M, Jacob R, Gutschner T, Ihling C, Sinz A, Hüttelmaier S. RAVER1 hinders lethal EMT and modulates miR/RISC activity by the control of alternative splicing. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3971-3988. [PMID: 38300787 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The RAVER1 protein serves as a co-factor in guiding the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTBP)-dependent control of alternative splicing (AS). Whether RAVER1 solely acts in concert with PTBPs and how it affects cancer cell fate remained elusive. Here, we provide the first comprehensive investigation of RAVER1-controlled AS in cancer cell models. This reveals a pro-oncogenic role of RAVER1 in modulating tumor growth and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT). Splicing analyses and protein-association studies indicate that RAVER1 guides AS in association with other splicing regulators, including PTBPs and SRSFs. In cancer cells, one major function of RAVER1 is the stimulation of proliferation and restriction of apoptosis. This involves the modulation of AS events within the miR/RISC pathway. Disturbance of RAVER1 impairs miR/RISC activity resulting in severely deregulated gene expression, which promotes lethal TGFB-driven EMT. Among others, RAVER1-modulated splicing events affect the insertion of protein interaction modules in factors guiding miR/RISC-dependent gene silencing. Most prominently, in all three human TNRC6 proteins, RAVER1 controls AS of GW-enriched motifs, which are essential for AGO2-binding and the formation of active miR/RISC complexes. We propose, that RAVER1 is a key modulator of AS events in the miR/RISC pathway ensuring proper abundance and composition of miR/RISC effectors. This ensures balanced expression of TGFB signaling effectors and limits TGFB induced lethal EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Wedler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nadine Bley
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Glaß
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Müller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Rausch
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marcell Lederer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Julia Urbainski
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laura Schian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kingsley-Benjamin Obika
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Theresa Simon
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lara Meret Peters
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Claudia Misiak
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tommy Fuchs
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marcel Köhn
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Roland Jacob
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tony Gutschner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Ihling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andrea Sinz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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