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Wang T, Berrill P, Zimmerman JB, Rao ND, Min J, Hertwich EG. Improved Copper Circularity as a Result of Increased Material Efficiency in the U.S. Housing Stock. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:4565-4577. [PMID: 35302366 PMCID: PMC8988293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Material efficiency (ME) can support rapid climate change mitigation and circular economy. Here, we comprehensively assess the circularity of ME strategies for copper use in the U.S. housing services (including residential buildings and major household appliances) by integrating use-phase material and energy demand. Although the ME strategies of more intensive floor space use and extended lifetime of appliances and buildings reduce the primary copper demand, employing these strategies increases the commonly neglected use-phase share of total copper requirements during the century from 23-28 to 22-42%. Use-phase copper requirements for home improvements have remained larger than the demand gap (copper demand minus scrap availability) for much of the century, limiting copper circularity in the U.S. housing services. Further, use-phase energy consumption can negate the benefits of ME strategies. For instance, the lifetime extension of lower-efficiency refrigerators increases the copper use and net environmental impact by increased electricity use despite reductions from less production. This suggests a need for more attention to the use phase when assessing circularity, especially for products that are material and energy intensive during use. To avoid burden shifting, policymakers should consider the entire life cycle of products supporting services when pursuing circular economy goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Center
for Industrial Ecology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Peter Berrill
- Center
for Industrial Ecology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale
School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Julie Beth Zimmerman
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale
School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Narasimha D. Rao
- International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
- Yale
School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jihoon Min
- International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Edgar G. Hertwich
- Industrial
Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7495 Trondheim, Norway
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Dundas KHM, Beerepoot MTP, Ringholm M, Reine S, Bast R, List NH, Kongsted J, Ruud K, Olsen JMH. Harmonic Infrared and Raman Spectra in Molecular Environments Using the Polarizable Embedding Model. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3599-3617. [PMID: 34009969 PMCID: PMC8278393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We present a fully analytic approach to calculate infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of molecules embedded in complex molecular environments modeled using the fragment-based polarizable embedding (PE) model. We provide the theory for the calculation of analytic second-order geometric derivatives of molecular energies and first-order geometric derivatives of electric dipole moments and dipole-dipole polarizabilities within the PE model. The derivatives are implemented using a general open-ended response theory framework, thus allowing for an extension to higher-order derivatives. The embedding-potential parameters used to describe the environment in the PE model are derived through first-principles calculations, thus allowing a wide variety of systems to be modeled, including solvents, proteins, and other large and complex molecular environments. Here, we present proof-of-principle calculations of IR and Raman spectra of acetone in different solvents. This work is an important step toward calculating accurate vibrational spectra of molecules embedded in realistic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen
Oda Hjorth Minde Dundas
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maarten T. P. Beerepoot
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magnus Ringholm
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Simen Reine
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Radovan Bast
- Department
of Information Technology, UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nanna Holmgaard List
- Department
of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford
University, 94305 Stanford, California, United States
- SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, 94025 Menlo Park, California, United States
| | - Jacob Kongsted
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University
of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Ruud
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jógvan Magnus Haugaard Olsen
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Storm M, Husebø AML, Thomas EC, Elwyn G, Zisman-Ilani Y. Coordinating Mental Health Services for People with Serious Mental Illness: A Scoping Review of Transitions from Psychiatric Hospital to Community. Adm Policy Ment Health 2020; 46:352-367. [PMID: 30604004 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-018-00918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Effective coordination as people with serious mental illness (SMI) move between care settings is essential. We aimed to review challenges to care coordination for people with SMI and identify approaches for improving it. Sixteen articles were identified. Two main challenges emerged: people with SMI facing adjustment challenges during transitions and services struggling to provide continuity of care. Effective approaches addressed coordination challenges and resulted in better improvements in service utilization, social functioning and quality of life. Future interventions may benefit from shared decision-making, support for caregivers, and addressing the challenges associated with complicated medication regimes and accessing medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Storm
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Center for Resilience in Healthcare, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Anne Marie Lunde Husebø
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Elizabeth C Thomas
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Glyn Elwyn
- Dartmouth College, Institute of Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
| | - Yaara Zisman-Ilani
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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Kallenborn R, Becher G, Thomassen Y. Recent progress of chemistry as scientific tool for environmental assessments-ICCE 2017 : The 16th EuCheMS International Conference on Chemistry and the Environment-ICCE 2017 Oslo, 18-22 June 2017. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:7301-7304. [PMID: 30778949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Georg Becher
- University of Oslo, Chemical Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yngvar Thomassen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health , Oslo, Norway
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