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Hyland M, Mennan C, Davies R, Wilson E, Tonge DP, Clayton A, Kehoe O. Extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells show enhanced anti-inflammatory properties via upregulation of miRNAs after pro-inflammatory priming. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2391-2406. [PMID: 37474869 PMCID: PMC10579155 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are characterised by a loss of immune tolerance, whereby the immune cells attack self-antigens causing pain and inflammation. These conditions can be brought into remission using pharmaceutical treatments, but often have adverse side effects and some patients do not respond favourably to them. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UCMSCs) present a promising alternative therapeutic due to their innate anti-inflammatory properties which can be strengthened using pro-inflammatory conditions. Their therapeutic mechanism of action has been attributed to paracrine signalling, by which nanosized acellular particles called 'extracellular vesicles' (EVs) are one of the essential components. Therefore, this research analysed the anti-inflammatory properties of UCMSC-EVs 'primed' with pro-inflammatory cytokines and at baseline with no inflammatory cytokines (control). Both control and primed EVs were co-cultured with un-pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; n = 6) from healthy donors. Neither control nor primed EVs exerted a pro-inflammatory effect on PBMCs. Instead, the primed EVs showed the immunosuppressive potential by increasing the expression of the anti-inflammatory protein FoxP3 in PBMCs. This may be attributed to the upregulated miRNAs identified in primed EVs in comparison to control EVs (miR-139-5p, miR-140-5p, miR-214-5p). These findings aid in understanding how UCMSC-EVs mediate immunosuppression and support their potential use in treating autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairead Hyland
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Medicine at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Keele University, Oswestry, SY10 7AG UK
| | - Claire Mennan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, SY10 7AG UK
| | - Rebecca Davies
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Medicine at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Keele University, Oswestry, SY10 7AG UK
| | - Emma Wilson
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Chester, CH2 1BR UK
| | - Daniel P. Tonge
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG UK
| | - Aled Clayton
- Tissue Microenvironment Group, Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN UK
| | - Oksana Kehoe
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Medicine at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Keele University, Oswestry, SY10 7AG UK
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Hopkins T, Wright KT, Kuiper NJ, Roberts S, Jermin P, Gallacher P, Kuiper JH. An In Vitro System to Study the Effect of Subchondral Bone Health on Articular Cartilage Repair in Humans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081903. [PMID: 34440671 PMCID: PMC8392168 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte-based cartilage repair strategies, such as articular chondrocyte implantation, are widely used, but few studies addressed the communication between native subchondral bone cells and the transplanted chondrocytes. An indirect co-culture model was developed, representing a chondrocyte/scaffold-construct repair of a cartilage defect adjoining bone, where the bone could have varying degrees of degeneration. Human BM-MSCs were isolated from two areas of subchondral bone in each of five osteochondral tissue specimens from five patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. These two areas underlaid the macroscopically and histologically best and worst cartilage, representing early and late-stage OA, respectively. BM-MSCs were co-cultured with normal chondrocytes suspended in agarose, with the two cell types separated by a porous membrane. After 0, 7, 14 and 21 days, chondrocyte-agarose scaffolds were assessed by gene expression and biochemical analyses, and the abundance of selected proteins in conditioned media was assessed by ELISA. Co-culture with late-OA BM-MSCs resulted in a reduction in GAG deposition and a decreased expression of genes encoding matrix-specific proteins (COL2A1 and ACAN), compared to culturing with early OA BM-MSCs. The concentration of TGF-β1 was significantly higher in the early OA conditioned media. The results of this study have clinical implications for cartilage repair, suggesting that the health of the subchondral bone may influence the outcomes of chondrocyte-based repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hopkins
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-1691-404699
| | - Karina T. Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Nicola J. Kuiper
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Sally Roberts
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Paul Jermin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Peter Gallacher
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Jan Herman Kuiper
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (K.T.W.); (N.J.K.); (S.R.); (P.J.); (P.G.); (J.H.K.)
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK
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Wang J, Roberts S, Kuiper JH, Zhang W, Garcia J, Cui Z, Wright K. Characterization of regional meniscal cell and chondrocyte phenotypes and chondrogenic differentiation with histological analysis in osteoarthritic donor-matched tissues. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21658. [PMID: 33303888 PMCID: PMC7730426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Meniscus degeneration is closely related to the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, there is currently a lack of quantitative and objective metrics to assess OA meniscal cell phenotypes. In this study we investigated the phenotypic markers and chondrogenic potency of avascular and vascular meniscal cells and chondrocytes from medial OA knee joints (n = 10). Flow cytometry results showed that a significantly greater percentage of meniscal cells were positive for CD49b, CD49c and CD166 compared to donor-matched chondrocytes after 14 days in monolayer culture. The integrins, CD49b and CD29, were expressed at a significantly higher level on avascular meniscal cells derived from tissues with a more degenerated inner border than non-degenerate menisci, suggesting that the integrin family may play an important role in meniscus OA pathology. Collagen fibres arranged in a "tree-like" formation within the meniscus appeared to have less blood vessels associated with them in the vascular region of the most degenerate menisci, which may indicate that such structures are involved in the pathological process. We have demonstrated that meniscal cells derived from the lateral meniscus in medial OA patients have chondrogenic capacity in vitro and hence could represent a potential cell source to consider for meniscus tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5GB, Staffordshire, UK
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, Shropshire, UK
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Sally Roberts
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5GB, Staffordshire, UK
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, Shropshire, UK
| | - Jan Herman Kuiper
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5GB, Staffordshire, UK
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, Shropshire, UK
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - John Garcia
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5GB, Staffordshire, UK
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, Shropshire, UK
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Karina Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5GB, Staffordshire, UK.
- The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oswestry, SY10 7AG, Shropshire, UK.
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