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Xie S, Huang R, Zhan Y, Cai Q, Wu Y, Huang K, Lin X, Wang R, Yan Y, Xie R, Wang S, Zeng C, Chen C. Efficacy of fosaprepitant combined with tropisetron plus dexamethasone in preventing nausea and emesis during fractionated radiotherapy with weekly cisplatin chemotherapy: interim analysis of a randomized, prospective, clinical trial using competing risk analysis. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:640. [PMID: 37851143 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are no well-recognized guidelines for antiemesis during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for cervical cancer (CC) and nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) until now. The study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of fosaprepitant combined with tropisetron and dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting during 5 weeks of fractionated radiotherapy and concomitant weekly low-dose cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with CC or NPC. METHODS Patients with CC or NPC were scheduled to receive fractionated radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin (25-40 mg/m2) chemotherapy for at least 5 weeks. Patients stratified by tumor type and induction chemotherapy were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive fosaprepitant, tropisetron, and dexamethasone or tropisetron plus dexamethasone as an antiemetic regimen. Efficacy was assessed primarily by the cumulative incidence of emesis after 5 weeks of treatment, and safety by adverse events (AEs). RESULTS Between July 2020 and July 2022, 116 patients consented to the study of whom 103 were included in this interim analysis (fosaprepitant group [N = 52] vs control group [N = 51]). The cumulative incidence of emesis at 5 weeks (competing risk analysis) was 25% (95% CI 14.2-37.4) for the fosaprepitant group compared with 59% (95% CI 43.9-71.0) for the control group. There was a significantly lower cumulative risk of emesis in the fosaprepitant group (HR 0.35 [95% CI 0.19-0.64]; p < 0.001). Fosaprepitant was well tolerated as the incidences of adverse events in the two groups were comparable. CONCLUSION The addition of fosaprepitant to tropisetron plus dexamethasone significantly reduced the risk of nausea and vomiting during 5 weeks of CCRT in patients with CC or NPC, and fosaprepitant was well tolerated. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on October 3, 2022, number NCT05564286.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ruihong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Yizhou Zhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Qingxin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Yanxuan Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Kang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xiaoluan Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ruoheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Yudong Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Renxian Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Siyan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chengbing Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Chuangzhen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen C, Guo H, Zhou C, Wang H, Liu Z. PITX1 suppresses osteosarcoma metastasis through exosomal LINC00662-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:79-93. [PMID: 36334221 PMCID: PMC9898340 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 1 (PITX1) is frequently downregulated in cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS). However, its role in OS remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the functions and potential mechanisms of PITX1 in OS malignant progression. Elevated PITX1 suppressed OS cell proliferation and migration, based on transwell, proliferation, and colony formation assays. Pathway enrichment analysis of differentially-expressed genes between PITX1-overexpressing and control OS cells indicated that PITX1 expression was associated with the FAK/Src and PI3k/Akt signaling pathways. Mechanistically, ubiquitination assays and rescue experiments showed that PITX1 interacted with transcription factor STAT3, leading to decreased STAT3 transcriptional activity, which repressed the expression of LINC00662. Specific knockdown of LINC00662 reduced the tumor growth and invasion of OS cells induced by downregulated PITX1. Moreover, exosomal LINC00662, derived from PITX1 knockdown OS cell lines activated M2 macrophages in cell co-culture assays. M2 macrophage secreted several cytokines, among which CCL22 was found to cause OS cell EMT. Collectively, our data indicate that PITX1 suppresses OS cell proliferation and metastasis by downregulating LINC00662. Moreover, LINC00662 can be packaged into OS cell-derived exosomes to mediate M2 macrophage polarization to promote OS metastasis via CCL22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yelong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuangzhen Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Huancheng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunbin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoyong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
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Lin Y, Fan L, Zhang R, Pan H, Li Y. ARSD is responsible for carcinoma and amyloidosis of breast epithelial cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151199. [PMID: 35066432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have pronounced female-to-male disparities and both are the major causes of death in elderly women. Intriguingly, there is an inverse incidence between BC and AD. In our previous study, we found that the expression of ARSD, a female-biased gene on chromosome Xp22.3 that encodes arylsulfatase D, is significantly downregulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and tissue samples, and that ectopic ARSD overexpression could inhibit proliferation and migration of BC cells. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, ARSD-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cell strains were established. RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR validation were performed followed by GO and KEGG analyses. Transcriptome sequencing unveiled that Alzheimer's/Parkinson's/prion diseases were enriched in ARSD overexpressing BC cells. Besides, the top enriched pathways included lipoprotein/cholesterol metabolism, molecular chaperone and misfolding protein binding, mitochondrial respiration, dysfunction of lysosomes, etc. In which, a battery of genes, e.g., SERF1A, APOE, CD36 etc., were upregulated, while a series of genes, e.g., NDUFA11, NDUFS3, NDUFV1, etc. were downregulated, which were closely related to amyloidosis. The amyloidosis of BC cells and nerval cells caused by ARSD overexpression was verified with western blotting, immunohistochemical and Congo red staining. Collectively, downregulated ARSD may be closely associated with BC, and upregulated ARSD may cause amyloidosis of BC cells. Our findings suggest that ARSD deserves to be considered a new promising target for treating TNBC or for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- The Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Liping Fan
- The Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Rendong Zhang
- The Breast Center, Surgical Oncology Session No. 1, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hongchao Pan
- The Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yaochen Li
- The Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
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