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Deprato A, Maidstone R, Cros AP, Adan A, Haldar P, Harding BN, Lacy P, Melenka L, Moitra S, Navarro JF, Kogevinas M, Durrington HJ, Moitra S. Influence of light at night on allergic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2024; 22:67. [PMID: 38355588 PMCID: PMC10865638 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases impose a significant global disease burden, however, the influence of light at night exposure on these diseases in humans has not been comprehensively assessed. We aimed to summarize available evidence considering the association between light at night exposure and major allergic diseases through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We completed a search of six databases, two registries, and Google Scholar from inception until December 15, 2023, and included studies that investigated the influence of artificial light at night (ALAN, high vs. low exposure), chronotype (evening vs. morning chronotype), or shift work (night vs. day shift work) on allergic disease outcomes (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and skin allergies). We performed inverse-variance random-effects meta-analyses to examine the association between the exposures (ALAN exposure, chronotype, or shiftwork) and these allergic outcomes. Stratification analyses were conducted by exposure type, disease type, participant age, and geographical location along with sensitivity analyses to assess publication bias. RESULTS We included 12 publications in our review. We found that exposure to light at night was associated with higher odds of allergic diseases, with the strongest association observed for ALAN exposure (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.04 to 3.39), followed by evening chronotype (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.87) and exposure to night shift work (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.67). When analyses were stratified by disease types, light at night exposure was significantly associated with asthma (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.20), allergic rhinitis (OR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.60 to 2.24), and skin allergies (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.91). We also found that the association between light at night exposure and allergic diseases was more profound in youth (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.48) than adults (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.63). Additionally, we observed significant geographical variations in the association between light at night exposure and allergic diseases. CONCLUSIONS Light at night exposure was associated with a higher prevalence of allergic diseases, both in youth and adults. More long-term epidemiological and mechanistic research is required to understand the possible interactions between light at night and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Deprato
- Alberta Respiratory Centre and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Maidstone
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection, and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Palomar Cros
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Prasun Haldar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Supreme Institute of Management and Technology, Mankundu, India
| | - Barbara N Harding
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paige Lacy
- Alberta Respiratory Centre and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lyle Melenka
- Synergy Respiratory and Cardiac Care, Sherwood Park, Alberta, Canada
| | - Saibal Moitra
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | - José Francisco Navarro
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioural Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hannah J Durrington
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection, and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Subhabrata Moitra
- Alberta Respiratory Centre and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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