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Kim CL, Lim SB, Choi SH, Kim DH, Sim YE, Jo EH, Kim K, Lee K, Park HS, Lim SB, Kang LJ, Jeong HS, Lee Y, Hansen CG, Mo JS. The LKB1-TSSK1B axis controls YAP phosphorylation to regulate the Hippo-YAP pathway. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:76. [PMID: 38245531 PMCID: PMC10799855 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway's main effector, Yes-associated protein (YAP), plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis as a transcriptional coactivator. YAP's phosphorylation by core upstream components of the Hippo pathway, such as mammalian Ste20 kinase 1/2 (MST1/2), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases (MAP4Ks), and their substrate, large tumor suppressor 1/2 (LATS1/2), influences YAP's subcellular localization, stability, and transcriptional activity. However, recent research suggests the existence of alternative pathways that phosphorylate YAP, independent of these core upstream Hippo pathway components, raising questions about additional means to inactivate YAP. In this study, we present evidence demonstrating that TSSK1B, a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMK) superfamily member, is a negative regulator of YAP, suppressing cellular proliferation and oncogenic transformation. Mechanistically, TSSK1B inhibits YAP through two distinct pathways. Firstly, the LKB1-TSSK1B axis directly phosphorylates YAP at Ser94, inhibiting the YAP-TEAD complex's formation and suppressing its target genes' expression. Secondly, the TSSK1B-LATS1/2 axis inhibits YAP via phosphorylation at Ser127. Our findings reveal the involvement of TSSK1B-mediated molecular mechanisms in the Hippo-YAP pathway, emphasizing the importance of multilevel regulation in critical cellular decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Long Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Su-Bin Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Sue-Hee Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Ye Eun Sim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Jo
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Keeeun Kim
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Keesook Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hee-Sae Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Li-Jung Kang
- Three-Dimensional Immune System Imaging Core Facility, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Han-Sol Jeong
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Youngsoo Lee
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Carsten G Hansen
- The University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jung-Soon Mo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, South Korea.
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