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Xie X, Cheng P, Hu L, Zhou W, Zhang D, Knoedler S, Liu G, Xiong Y, Xue H, Hu Y, Kern B, Obed D, Panayi AC, Chen L, Yan C, Lin Z, Dai G, Mi B, Zhang Y, Liu G. Bone-targeting engineered small extracellular vesicles carrying anti-miR-6359-CGGGAGC prevent valproic acid-induced bone loss. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:24. [PMID: 38246920 PMCID: PMC10800355 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical role and underlying mechanisms of valproic acid (VPA) on bone homeostasis remain controversial. Herein, we confirmed that VPA treatment was associated with decreased bone mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in both patients and mice. This effect was attributed to VPA-induced elevation in osteoclast formation and activity. Through RNA-sequencing, we observed a significant rise in precursor miR-6359 expression in VPA-treated osteoclast precursors in vitro, and further, a marked upregulation of mature miR-6359 (miR-6359) in vivo was demonstrated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and miR-6359 fluorescent in situ hybridization (miR-6359-FISH). Specifically, the miR-6359 was predominantly increased in osteoclast precursors and macrophages but not in neutrophils, T lymphocytes, monocytes and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) following VPA stimulation, which influenced osteoclast differentiation and bone-resorptive activity. Additionally, VPA-induced miR-6359 enrichment in osteoclast precursors enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by silencing the SIRT3 protein expression, followed by activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, which enhanced osteoclast formation and activity, thereby accelerating bone loss. Currently, there are no medications that can effectively treat VPA-induced bone loss. Therefore, we constructed engineered small extracellular vesicles (E-sEVs) targeting osteoclast precursors in bone and naturally carrying anti-miR-6359 by introducing of EXOmotif (CGGGAGC) in the 3'-end of the anti-miR-6359 sequence. We confirmed that the E-sEVs exhibited decent bone/osteoclast precursor targeting and exerted protective therapeutic effects on VPA-induced bone loss, but not on ovariectomy (OVX) and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic models, deepening our understanding of the underlying mechanism and treatment strategies for VPA-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Detai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P.R. China
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02152, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Guodong Liu
- Medical Center of Trauma and War Injuries, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chonqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Barbara Kern
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte|Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Doha Obed
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02152, USA
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02152, USA
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen/Rhine, Germany
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guandong Dai
- Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518118, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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