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Seggio M, Arcadio F, Radicchi E, Cennamo N, Zeni L, Bossi AM. Toward Nano- and Microplastic Sensors: Identification of Nano- and Microplastic Particles via Artificial Intelligence Combined with a Plasmonic Probe Functionalized with an Estrogen Receptor. ACS Omega 2024; 9:18984-18994. [PMID: 38708270 PMCID: PMC11064004 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Nano- and microplastic particles are a global and emerging environmental issue that might pose potential threats to human health. The present work exploits artificial intelligence (AI) to identify nano- and microplastics in water by monitoring the interaction of the sample with a sensitive surface. An estrogen receptor (ER) grafted onto a gold surface, realized on a nonexpensive and easy-to-produce plastic optical fiber (POF) platform in order to excite a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon, has been developed in order to carry out a "smart" sensitive interface (ER-SPR-POF interface). The ER-SPR-POF interface offers output data useful for exploiting a machine learning-based approach to achieve nano- and microplastic particle sensors. This work developed a proof-of-concept sensor through a training phase carried out by different particles, in terms of materials and size. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed "smart" ER-SPR-POF interface combined with AI can be used to identify the kind of particles in terms of the materials (polystyrene; poly(methyl methacrylate)) and size (20 μm; 100 nm) with an accuracy of 90.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimimorena Seggio
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Arcadio
- Department
of Engineering, University of Campania Luigi
Vanvitelli, via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Eros Radicchi
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Nunzio Cennamo
- Department
of Engineering, University of Campania Luigi
Vanvitelli, via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Luigi Zeni
- Department
of Engineering, University of Campania Luigi
Vanvitelli, via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maria Bossi
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Cressoni C, Vurro F, Milan E, Muccilli M, Mazzer F, Gerosa M, Boschi F, Spinelli AE, Badocco D, Pastore P, Delgado NF, Collado MH, Marzola P, Speghini A. From Nanothermometry to Bioimaging: Lanthanide-Activated KY 3F 10 Nanostructures as Biocompatible Multifunctional Tools for Nanomedicine. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:12171-12188. [PMID: 36826830 PMCID: PMC9999348 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-activated fluoride-based nanostructures are extremely interesting multifunctional tools for many modern applications in nanomedicine, e.g., bioimaging, sensing, drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy. Importantly, environmental-friendly preparations using a green chemistry approach, as hydrothermal synthesis route, are nowadays highly desirable to obtain colloidal nanoparticles, directly dispersible in hydrophilic media, as physiological solution. The nanomaterials under investigation are new KY3F10-based citrate-capped core@shell nanostructures activated with several lanthanide ions, namely, Er3+, Yb3+, Nd3+, and Gd3+, prepared as colloidal water dispersions. A new facile microwave-assisted synthesis has been exploited for their preparation, with significant reduction of the reaction times and a fine control of the nanoparticle size. These core@shell multifunctional architectures have been investigated for use as biocompatible and efficient contrast agents for optical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) techniques. These multifunctional nanostructures are also efficient noninvasive optical nanothermometers. In fact, the lanthanide emission intensities have shown a relevant relative variation as a function of the temperature, in the visible and near-infrared optical ranges, efficiently exploiting ratiometric intensity methods for optical thermometry. Importantly, in contrast with other fluoride hosts, chemical dissolution of KY3F10 citrate-capped nanocrystals in aqueous environment is very limited, of paramount importance for applications in biological fluids. Furthermore, due to the strong paramagnetic properties of lanthanides (e.g., Gd3+), and X-ray absorption of both yttrium and lanthanides, the nanostructures under investigation are extremely useful for MRI and CT imaging. Biocompatibility studies of the nanomaterials have revealed very low cytotoxicity in dfferent human cell lines. All these features point to a successful use of these fluoride-based core@shell nanoarchitectures for simultaneous diagnostics and temperature sensing, ensuring an excellent biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cressoni
- Nanomaterials
Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Vurro
- Division
of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
- University
Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Emil Milan
- Nanomaterials
Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Matilde Muccilli
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Mazzer
- Nanomaterials
Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Gerosa
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Antonello Enrico Spinelli
- Experimental
Imaging Centre, San Raffaele Scientific
Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Denis Badocco
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Natalia Fernández Delgado
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgic Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario Río
San Pedro, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Herrera Collado
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgic Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario Río
San Pedro, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pasquina Marzola
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Adolfo Speghini
- Nanomaterials
Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Ambrosini S, Prinsi B, Zamboni A, Espen L, Zanzoni S, Santi C, Varanini Z, Pandolfini T. Chemical Characterization of a Collagen-Derived Protein Hydrolysate and Biostimulant Activity Assessment of Its Peptidic Components. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:11201-11211. [PMID: 36039940 PMCID: PMC9479078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein hydrolysates (PHs) are plant biostimulants consisting of oligopeptides and free amino acids exploited in agriculture to increase crop productivity. This work aimed to fractionate a commercial collagen-derived protein hydrolysate (CDPH) according to the molecular mass of the peptides and evaluate the bioactivity of different components. First, the CDPH was dialyzed and/or filtrated and analyzed on maize, showing that smaller compounds were particularly active in stimulating lateral root growth. The CDPH was then fractionated through fast protein liquid chromatography and tested on in vitro grown tomatoes proving that all the fractions were bioactive. Furthermore, these fractions were characterized by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry revealing a consensus sequence shared among the identified peptides. Based on this sequence, a synthetic peptide was produced. We assessed its structural similarity with the CDPH, the collagen, and polyproline type II helix by comparing the respective circular dichroism spectra and for the first time, we proved that a signature peptide was as bioactive as the whole CDPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ambrosini
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Bhakti Prinsi
- Department
of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape,
Agroenergy, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Anita Zamboni
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Luca Espen
- Department
of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape,
Agroenergy, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Serena Zanzoni
- Centro
Piattaforme Tecnologiche, University of
Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Chiara Santi
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Zeno Varanini
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
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Salem K, Jabalera Y, Puentes-Pardo JD, Vilchez-Garcia J, Sayari A, Hmida-Sayari A, Jimenez-Lopez C, Perduca M. Enzyme Storage and Recycling: Nanoassemblies of α-Amylase and Xylanase Immobilized on Biomimetic Magnetic Nanoparticles. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2021; 9:4054-4063. [PMID: 35070520 PMCID: PMC8765010 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of enzymes has been extensively required in a wide variety of industrial applications as a way to ensure functionality and the potential of enzyme recycling after use. In particular, enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) could offer reusability by means of magnetic recovery and concentration, along with increased stability and robust activity of the enzyme under different physicochemical conditions. In the present work, microbial α-amylase (AmyKS) and xylanase (XAn11) were both immobilized on different types of MNPs [MamC-mediated biomimetic MNPs (BMNPs) and inorganic MNPs] by using two different strategies (electrostatic interaction and covalent bond). AmyKS immobilization was successful using electrostatic interaction with BMNPs. Instead, the best strategy to immobilize XAn11 was using MNPs through the hetero-crosslinker 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The immobilization protocols were optimized by varying glutaraldehyde (GA) concentration, enzyme quantity, and reaction time. Under optimal conditions, 92% of AmyKS and 87% of XAn11 were immobilized on BMNPs and MNPs-E/N, respectively (here referred as AmyKS-BMNPs and XAn11-MNPs nanoassemblies). The results show that the immobilization of the enzymes did not extensively alter their functionality and increased enzyme stability compared to that of the free enzyme upon storage at 4 and 20 °C. Interestingly, the immobilized amylase and xylanase were reused for 15 and 8 cycles, respectively, without significant loss of activity upon magnetic recovery of the nanoassemblies. The results suggest the great potential of these nanoassemblies in bioindustry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Salem
- Centre
de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université
de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP “1177”, 3018 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Ylenia Jabalera
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose David Puentes-Pardo
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Vilchez-Garcia
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Adel Sayari
- ENIS,
Université de Sfax, BP “1173”, 3038 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Aïda Hmida-Sayari
- Centre
de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université
de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP “1177”, 3018 Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Concepcion Jimenez-Lopez
- Departamento
de Microbiologia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- . Phone: +34
958249833
| | - Massimiliano Perduca
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
- . Phone: +39 0458027984
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