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Liu J, Zhu J, Hao H, Bi J, Hou H, Zhang G. Transcriptomic and Molecular Docking Analysis Reveal Virulence Gene Regulation-Mediated Antibacterial Effects of Benzyl Isothiocyanate Against Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04938-y. [PMID: 38709426 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common pathogen that can cause many serious infections. Thus, efficient and practical techniques to fight S. aureus are required. In this study, transcriptomics was used to evaluate changes in S. aureus following treatment with benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) to determine its antibacterial action. The results revealed that the BITC at subinhibitory concentrations (1/8th MIC) treated group had 94 differentially expressed genes compared to the control group, with 52 downregulated genes. Moreover, STRING analyses were used to reveal the protein interactions encoded by 36 genes. Then, we verified three significant virulence genes by qRT-PCR, including capsular polysaccharide synthesis enzyme (cp8F), capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis protein (cp5D), and thermonuclease (nuc). Furthermore, molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate the action site of BITC with the encoded proteins of cp8F, cp5D, and nuc. The results showed that the docking fraction of BITC with selected proteins ranged from - 6.00 to - 6.60 kcal/mol, predicting the stability of these complexes. BITC forms hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonded, π-π conjugated interactions with amino acids TRP (130), GLY (10), ILE (406), LYS (368), TYR (192), and ARG (114) of these proteins. These findings will aid future research into the antibacterial effects of BITC against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Junya Zhu
- Jinkui Food Science and Technology (Dalian) Co., Ltd, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Hongshun Hao
- Department of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Jingran Bi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Hongman Hou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Gongliang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
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K S, Nechikkadan S, Theresa M, Krishnankutty RE. ZnO nanoparticles induced biofilm formation in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024:10.1007/s12223-024-01158-z. [PMID: 38564153 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Biofilm formation by the pathogenic bacteria generates a serious threat to the public health as it can increase the virulence potential, resistance to drugs, and escape from the host immune response mechanisms. Among the environmental factors that influence the biofilm formation, there are only limited reports available on the role of antimicrobial agents. During the antimicrobial drug administration or application for any purpose, the microbial population can expect to get exposed to the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of the drug which will have an unprecedented impact on microbial responses. Hence, the study has been conducted to investigate the effects of sub-MIC levels of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Here, the selected bacteria were primarily screened for the biofilm formation by using the Congo red agar method, and their susceptibility to ZnO NPs was also evaluated. Quantitative difference in biofilm formation by the selected organisms in the presence of ZnO NPs at the sub-MIC level was further carried out by using the microtiter plate-crystal violet assay. Further, the samples were subjected to atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis to evaluate the properties and pattern of the biofilm modulated under the experimental conditions used. From these, the organisms treated with sub-MIC levels of ZnO NPs were found to have enhanced biofilm formation when compared with the untreated sample. Also, no microbial growth could be observed for the samples treated with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO NPs. The results observed in the study provide key insights into the impact of nanomaterials on clinically important microorganisms which demands critical thinking on the antimicrobial use of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth K
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, Pin: 686, 560, India
| | - Safa Nechikkadan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, Pin: 686, 560, India
| | - Mary Theresa
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, Pin: 686, 560, India
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Yolmeh M, Khomeiri M, Ghaemi E, Şilbir MS. Acute toxicity and anti-enterotoxigenic activity of pigment extracted from Micrococcus roseus. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01316-y. [PMID: 38532186 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial pigments are considered as one of the main sources of natural types, and the attention to them is increasing in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pigments extracted from Micrococcus roseus (PEM) on the gene expression of a and b staphylococcal enterotoxins (sea and seb) and their acute toxicity. Real-time PCR was used to study the anti-enterotoxigenic activity of PEM against Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations. In addition, the acute toxicity of PEM was evaluated on albino mice through alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferas (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of liver and its histopathological changes. Based on the results, the expression of sea and seb was decreased in the presence of PEM at sub-inhibitory concentrations. The 2-∆∆CT was measured 0.02 and 0.01 for the expression of sea and seb of S. aureus grown in the MHB containing 16 mg/ml PEM. The results showed that the expression of seb is more sensitive to PEM compared to the expression of sea. After treatment of mice with PEM for two weeks, the condition of mice was normal, and the results of liver enzymatic activities and histopathological changes showed insignificant difference compared to the control sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Yolmeh
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Morteza Khomeiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Ghaemi
- Infectious Research Centre and Microbiology Department, Golestan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehmet Selim Şilbir
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
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Chen Y, Song Y, Wang Z, Lai Y, Yin W, Cai Q, Han M, Cai Y, Xue Y, Chen Z, Li X, Chen J, Li M, Li H, He R. The chemerin-CMKLR1 axis in keratinocytes impairs innate host defense against cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection. Cell Mol Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41423-024-01152-y. [PMID: 38532043 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is the most common site of Staphylococcus aureus infection, which can lead to various diseases, including invasive and life-threatening infections, through evasion of host defense. However, little is known about the host factors that facilitate the innate immune evasion of S. aureus in the skin. Chemerin, which is abundantly expressed in the skin and can be activated by proteases derived from S. aureus, has both direct bacteria-killing activity and immunomodulatory effects via interactions with its receptor CMKLR1. Here, we demonstrate that a lack of the chemerin/CMKLR1 axis increases the neutrophil-mediated host defense against S. aureus in a mouse model of cutaneous infection, whereas chemerin overexpression, which mimics high levels of chemerin in obese individuals, exacerbates S. aureus cutaneous infection. Mechanistically, we identified keratinocytes that express CMKLR1 as the main target of chemerin to suppress S. aureus-induced IL-33 expression, leading to impaired skin neutrophilia and bacterial clearance. CMKLR1 signaling specifically inhibits IL-33 expression induced by cell wall components but not secreted proteins of S. aureus by inhibiting Akt activation in mouse keratinocytes. Thus, our study revealed that the immunomodulatory effect of the chemerin/CMKLR1 axis mediates innate immune evasion of S. aureus in vivo and likely increases susceptibility to S. aureus infection in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yangfan Lai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Cai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miaomiao Han
- Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yiheng Cai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yushan Xue
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhengrong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xi Li
- Biology Science Institutes, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400032, China
| | - Jing Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Huabin Li
- Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Rui He
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Research Center of Allergy and Diseases, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China.
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Zhou J, Refat M, Guo Y, Zhang J, Jiao M, He W, He X, Rabie MA, Ouyang Z, Zheng F. The Functional Study of Response Regulator ArlR Mutants in Staphylococcus Aureus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04919-1. [PMID: 38530540 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of hospital-associated infections worldwide. The organism's ability to form biofilms has led to resistance against current treatment options such as beta-lactams, glycopeptides, and daptomycin. The ArlRS two-component system is a crucial regulatory system necessary for S. aureus autolysis, biofilm formation, capsule synthesis, and virulence. This study aims to investigate the role of the arlR deletion mutant in the detection and activation of S. aureus. We created an arlR deleted mutant and complementary strains and characterized their impact on the strains using partial growth measurement. The quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression of icaA, and the microscopic images of adherent cells were captured at the optical density of 600 to determine the primary bacterial adhesion. The biofilm formation assay was utilized to investigate the number of adherent cells using crystal violet staining. Eventually, the Triton X-100 autolysis assay was used to determine the influence of arlR on the cell autolytic activities. Our findings indicate that the deletion of arlR reduced the transcriptional expression of icaA but not icaR in the ica operon, leading to decrease in polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) synthesis. Compared to the wild-type and the complementary mutants, the arlR mutant exhibited decreased in biofilm production but increased autolysis. It concluded that the S. aureus response regulatory ArlR influences biofilm formation, agglutination, and autolysis. This work has significantly expanded our knowledge of the ArlRS two-component regulatory system and could aid in the development of novel antimicrobial strategies against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Moath Refat
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yucheng Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wenbo He
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Mai A Rabie
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhenlin Ouyang
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Fang Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Oldendorff F, Nordberg V, Giske CG, Navér L. A decade of neonatal sepsis in Stockholm, Sweden: Gram-positive pathogens were four times as common as Gram-negatives. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024:10.1007/s10096-024-04809-8. [PMID: 38517573 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess Gram-positive bacterial (GPB) bloodstream infection (BSI) in neonates, covering incidence, morbidity, mortality, antimicrobial resistance patterns and biomarkers in Region Stockholm, Sweden between 2006 and 2016. METHODS A population-based retrospective epidemiological study including infants with GPB-BSI, admitted to the neonatal units at Karolinska University Hospital (KUH). Data were collected from patient records, the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register, the microbiological laboratory at KUH and the Swedish Public Health Agency. RESULTS We identified 357 infants with GPB-BSI, representing an incidence of 1.47/1000 live births (LB). Group B streptococcus (GBS) was the most common pathogen causing BSI in full-term infants and early-onset sepsis (EOS) (0.20/1000 LB), while coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were predominant in infants born very preterm and in late-onset sepsis (LOS) (0.79/1000 LB). There were no fatal GBS BSI cases, but 10.2% developed meningitis. The GPB case fatality rate was 9.5% and the sepsis fatality rate 2.8%. In GPB-BSI, 1/10 did not have an elevated C-reactive protein level. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) BSI increased during the study period, but no methicillin or vancomycin resistant strains were found. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rate was highest in CoNS isolates. CONCLUSION GPB-BSI was four times more common than Gram-negative BSI in neonates but resulted in lower mortality rate. GBS was the most common pathogen in full-term infants and in EOS. CoNS was the most common pathogen in LOS and infants born very preterm, and the AMR rate was high in these isolates. The increasing trend of S. aureus BSI indicates a need of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Oldendorff
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Viveka Nordberg
- Department of Neonatology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian G Giske
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Navér
- Department of Neonatology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rubio-Sánchez R, Lepe-Balsalobre E, Ubeda C, Lepe-Jiménez JA. Volatile biomarkers of Gram-positive bacteria of clinical relevance as a tool for infection diagnosis. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00511-z. [PMID: 38512524 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are being studied as potential biomarkers in many infections. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the volatile profile of three Gram-positive bacteria of clinical relevance to identify potential volatile biomarkers that allow their differentiation. METHODS AND RESULTS L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, and E. faecalis clinical isolates were inoculated in a thioglycollate medium until grown. Then, VOCs were extracted by solid-phase microextraction, and the data obtained were subjected to multivariate analysis. According to our results, there was a high production of aldehydes in E. faecalis. In the case of alcohols, they only increased in L. monocytogenes, while ketones were produced significantly in all three bacteria, mainly due to acetoin. Acids were produced significantly in E. faecalis and L. monocytogenes. CONCLUSIONS Potential biomarkers of L. monocytogenes could be 1-butanol and 2-methylbutanoic acid. In the case of E. faecalis, the VOC most related to its presence was nonanal. Lastly, potential biomarkers of S. aureus could be isoamyl butanoate and methionol, although some pyrazines have also been associated with this bacterium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The identification of potential biomarkers of these clinically relevant bacteria could open the way for the diagnosis of these infections through the analysis of volatile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rubio-Sánchez
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Ubeda
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Lepe-Jiménez
- Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University of Seville/CSIC/University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
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Vo-Pham-Minh T, Tran-Cong D, Phan-Viet H, Dinh-Chi T, Nguyen-Thi-Hong T, Cao-Thi-My T, Nguyen-Thi-Dieu H, Vo-Thai D, Nguyen-Thien V, Duong-Quy S. Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in Can Tho, Vietnam: Clinical Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Risk Factors of Mortality. Pulm Ther 2024:10.1007/s41030-024-00254-2. [PMID: 38446335 DOI: 10.1007/s41030-024-00254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important pathogen in both community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia. S. aureus pneumonia has a high mortality rate and serious complications. Resistance to multiple antibiotics is a major challenge in the treatment of S. aureus pneumonia. Understanding the antibiotic resistance profile of S. aureus and the risk factors for mortality can help optimize antibiotic regimens and improve patient outcomes in S. aureus pneumonia. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 118 patients diagnosed with S. aureus pneumonia between May 2021 and June 2023 was conducted, with a 30-day follow-up period. Demographic information, comorbidities, Charlson Comorbidity Index, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and complications were collected for each enrolled case. The data were processed and analyzed using R version 3.6.2. RESULTS S. aureus pneumonia has a 30-day mortality rate of approximately 50%, with complication rates of 22% for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 26.3% for septic shock, and 14.4% for acute kidney injury (AKI). Among patients with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) pneumonia treated with vancomycin (n = 40), those with a vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 1 had significantly higher cumulative survival at day 30 compared to those with MIC ≥ 2 (log-rank test p = 0.04). The prevalence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates was 84.7%. Hemoptysis, methicillin resistance, acidosis (pH < 7.35), and meeting the Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) criteria for severe pneumonia were significantly associated with mortality in a multivariate Cox regression model based on the adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). CONCLUSIONS S. aureus pneumonia is a severe clinical condition with high mortality and complication rates. MRSA has a high prevalence in Can Tho City, Vietnam. Hemoptysis, methicillin resistance, acidosis (pH < 7.35), and meeting the IDSA/ATS criteria for severe pneumonia are risk factors for mortality in S. aureus pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Vo-Pham-Minh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Dang Tran-Cong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Hung Phan-Viet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Thien Dinh-Chi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Nguyen-Thi-Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Cao-Thi-My
- Respiratory Department, Can Tho Central General Hospital, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Hien Nguyen-Thi-Dieu
- Microbiological Department, Can Tho Central General Hospital, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Duong Vo-Thai
- Microbiological Department, Can Tho Central General Hospital, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Vu Nguyen-Thien
- Pharmacy Department, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Can Tho City, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Sy Duong-Quy
- Bio-Medical Research Centre, Lam Dong Medical College, Da Lat, Vietnam.
- Penn State Medical College, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 117033, USA.
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Sami AJ, Bilal S, Alam S, Khalid M, Mangat HA. A Method Based on a Modified Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Approach for the Sensing of Staphylococcus aureus from Nasal Samples. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04892-9. [PMID: 38421570 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04892-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major source of bacteremia and develops several complications, causing high morbidity and mortality. Rapid identification and detection of these bacteria have become an important issue for biomedical applications. Herein, an optical method based on a modified fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach has been established using DNA hybridization technology for the swift detection of pathogenic S. aureus from clinical samples. The platform was constructed with single-stranded genomic DNA and microbial colony by directly immobilizing in agarose-polyvinyl alcohol (AG-PVA) hydrogel on the surface of a glass slide. The probe was based on an elongation factor encoding the tuf gene, which binds with equal affinity to single-stranded DNA targets as well as surface proteins on microbial cells. The probe was labeled with MFP488 fluorophore having excitation wavelength 501 nm. The hybridization of the labeled probe with the target DNA and surface proteins was carried out under optimal FISH conditions, and the detection of bacteria was based on temporary field excitation of the labeled probe under a fluorescence microscope. Positive hybridization signals were detected by high fluorescence intensity. In comparison to genomic DNA, robust signals were observed with microbial cells, perhaps due to the moonlighting effect of the elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) expressed on the surface of bacterial cells. The applicability of the developed platform was tested on pediatric nasal samples, and results were verified with real-time qPCR. The designed platform is stable and sensitive, and after detailed optimization, a portable structure for on-site detection of pathogenic bacteria from clinical samples can be produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amtul Jamil Sami
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
- Center for Biosensor Research and Development, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Sehrish Bilal
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulab Devi Educational Complex, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Alam
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Madeeha Khalid
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
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