1
|
Holch A, Bauer R, Olari LR, Rodriguez AA, Ständker L, Preising N, Karacan M, Wiese S, Walther P, Ruiz-Blanco YB, Sanchez-Garcia E, Schumann C, Münch J, Spellerberg B. Respiratory ß-2-Microglobulin exerts pH dependent antimicrobial activity. Virulence 2021; 11:1402-1414. [PMID: 33092477 PMCID: PMC7588194 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1831367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract is a major entry site for microbial pathogens. To combat bacterial infections, the immune system has various defense mechanisms at its disposal, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). To search for novel AMPs from the respiratory tract, a peptide library from human broncho-alveolar-lavage (BAL) fluid was screened for antimicrobial activity by radial diffusion assays allowing the efficient detection of antibacterial activity within a small sample size. After repeated testing-cycles and subsequent purification, we identified ß-2-microglobulin (B2M) in antibacterially active fractions. B2M belongs to the MHC-1 receptor complex present at the surface of nucleated cells. It is known to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli and to facilitate phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus. Using commercially available B2M we confirmed a dose-dependent inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and L. monocytogenes. To characterize AMP activity within the B2M sequence, peptide fragments of the molecule were tested for antimicrobial activity. Activity could be localized to the C-terminal part of B2M. Investigating pH dependency of the antimicrobial activity of B2M demonstrated an increased activity at pH values of 5.5 and below, a hallmark of infection and inflammation. Sytox green uptake into bacterial cells following the exposure to B2M was determined and revealed a pH-dependent loss of bacterial membrane integrity. TEM analysis showed areas of disrupted bacterial membranes in L. monocytogenes incubated with B2M and high amounts of lysed bacterial cells. In conclusion, B2M as part of a ubiquitous cell surface complex may represent a potent antimicrobial agent by interfering with bacterial membrane integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armin Holch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital , Ulm, Germany
| | - Richard Bauer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital , Ulm, Germany
| | - Lia-Raluca Olari
- Institute of Molecular Virology, University Hospital , Ulm, Germany
| | - Armando A Rodriguez
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm, Germany.,Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University , Ulm, Germany
| | - Ludger Ständker
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm, Germany
| | - Nico Preising
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm, Germany
| | - Merve Karacan
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University , Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm, Germany
| | - Yasser B Ruiz-Blanco
- Computational Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Computational Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Schumann
- Pneumology, Thoracic Oncology, Sleep and Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Clinics Kempten-Allgäu, Kempten and Immenstadt , Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, University Hospital , Ulm, Germany.,Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center , Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Spellerberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital , Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sasaki T, Horiguchi H, Arakawa A, Oguma E, Komatsuda A, Sawada K, Murata K, Yokoyama K, Matsukawa T, Chiba M, Omori Y, Kamikomaki N. Hospital-based screening to detect patients with cadmium nephropathy in cadmium-polluted areas in Japan. Environ Health Prev Med 2019; 24:8. [PMID: 30684957 PMCID: PMC6347770 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-019-0762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In health examinations for local inhabitants in cadmium-polluted areas, only healthy people are investigated, suggesting that patients with severe cadmium nephropathy or itai-itai disease may be overlooked. Therefore, we performed hospital-based screening to detect patients with cadmium nephropathy in two core medical institutes in cadmium-polluted areas in Akita prefecture, Japan. METHODS Subjects for this screening were selected from patients aged 60 years or older with elevated serum creatinine levels and no definite renal diseases. We enrolled 35 subjects from a hospital in Odate city and 22 from a clinic in Kosaka town. Urinary ß2-microglobulin and blood and urinary cadmium levels were measured. RESULTS The criteria for renal tubular dysfunction and the over-accumulation of cadmium were set as a urinary ß2-microglobulin level higher than 10,000 μg/g cr. and a blood cadmium level higher than 6 μg/L or urinary cadmium level higher than 10 μg/g cr., respectively. Subjects who fulfilled both criteria were diagnosed with cadmium nephropathy. Six out of 57 patients (10.5% of all subjects) had cadmium nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS This hospital-based screening is a very effective strategy for detecting patients with cadmium nephropathy in cadmium-polluted areas, playing a complementary role in health examinations for local inhabitants. REGISTRATION NUMBER No. 6, date of registration: 6 June, 2010 (Akita Rosai Hospital), and No. 1117, date of registration: 26 December, 2013 (Akita University).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Sasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Akita Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safe, Akita, 018-5604, Japan.,Fukunaga Clinic, Akita, 018-5334, Japan
| | - Hyogo Horiguchi
- Department of Hygiene, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 010-8543, Japan. .,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. .,Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | | | - Etsuko Oguma
- Department of Hygiene, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Atsushi Komatsuda
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sawada
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Murata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Yokoyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takehisa Matsukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Momoko Chiba
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuki Omori
- Department of Hygiene, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kamikomaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Akita Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safe, Akita, 018-5604, Japan.,Department of Emergency, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, 321-0974, Japan
| |
Collapse
|