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Islam MA, Hooiveld GJEJ, van den Berg JHJ, van der Velpen V, Murk AJ, Rietjens IMCM, van Leeuwen FXR. Soy supplementation: Impact on gene expression in different tissues of ovariectomized rats and evaluation of the rat model to predict (post)menopausal health effect. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:1087-1097. [PMID: 30425930 PMCID: PMC6222031 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The usefulness of PBMC gene expressions as a surrogate tissue for risk assessment is questionable. SIF in a dose of 2 mg/kg b.w/day is not able to influence ERGs in target tissues such as breast and uterus. Plasma concentrations of SIF after 8 weeks oral exposure similar as the recommended dose for humans do not proliferate cells in in vitro cellular models. The ovariectomized rat is probably not a good model to predict human risk or benefit assessment of SIF in human.
This toxicogenomic study was conducted to predict (post)menopausal human health effects of commercial soy supplementation using ovariectomized rats as a model. Different target tissues (i.e. breast, uterus and sternum) and non-target tissues (i.e. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), adipose and liver) of ovariectomized F344 rats exposed to a commercially available soy supplement for eight weeks, were investigated. Changes in gene expression in these tissues were analysed using whole-genome microarray analysis. No correlation in changes in gene expression were observed among different tissues, indicating tissue specific effects of soy isoflavone supplementation. Out of 87 well-established estrogen responsive genes (ERGs), only 19 were found to be significantly regulated (p < 0.05) in different tissues, particularly in liver, adipose and uterus tissues. Surprisingly, no ERGs were significantly regulated in estrogen sensitive breast and sternum tissues. The changes in gene expression in PBMC and adipose tissue in rats were compared with those in (post)menopausal female volunteers who received the same supplement in a similar oral dose and exposure duration in human intervention studies. No correlation in changes in gene expression between rats and humans was observed. Although receiving a similar dose, in humans the plasma levels expressed as total free aglycones were several folds higher than in the rat. Therefore, the overall results in young ovariectomized female F344 rats indicated that using rat transcriptomic data does not provide a suitable model for human risk or benefit analysis of soy isoflavone supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Islam
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Guido J E J Hooiveld
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vera van der Velpen
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HE Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Metabolomics Service and Research Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albertinka J Murk
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, the Netherlands
| | - Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - F X Rolaf van Leeuwen
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
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